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ASTM

ASTM D6613-01

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Determining the Presence of Sizing in Nylon or Polyester Fabric

Standard Practice for Determining the Presence of Sizing in Nylon or Polyester Fabric

SCOPE
1.1 Using a color scale of 1 to 5, this practice describes the procedures for determining the presence and relative amount of sizing in fabrics made of undyed nylon or non-cationically dyeable polyester yarns prepared with a cationically dyeable sizing
1.2 Procedures and apparatus other than those stated in this standard may be used by agreement of purchaser and supplier with the specific deviations from the standard acknowledged in the report.
1.3 This practice may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This practice does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this practice to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-May-2001
ICS
59.080.20 - Yarns
Technical Committee
D13 - Textiles
Drafting Committee
D13.20 - Inflatable Restraints
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D6613-02 - Standard Practice for Determining the Presence of Sizing in Nylon or Polyester Fabric
Effective Date
10-Apr-2002

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ASTM D6613-01 - Standard Practice for Determining the Presence of Sizing in Nylon or Polyester FabricASTM D6613-01 - Standard Practice for Determining the Presence of Sizing in Nylon or Polyester Fabric
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ASTM D6613-01 - Standard Practice for Determining the Presence of Sizing in Nylon or Polyester Fabric
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Standards Content (Sample)

Designation: D 6613 – 01
Standard Practice for
Determining the Presence of Sizing in Nylon or Polyester
1
Fabric
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6613; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope cationically dyed at room temperature. The resulting depth of
color of the dyed fabric is indicative of the presence and
1.1 Using a color scale of 1 to 5, this practice describes the
relative amount of cationically dyebable sizing in the fabric.
procedures for determining the presence and relative amount of
4.2 The color of the dyed fabric is matched to a color on an
sizing in fabrics made of undyed nylon or non-cationically
AATCC chromatic scale to determine the level of sizing in the
dyeable polyester yarns prepared with a cationically dyeable
fabric.
sizing
1.2 Procedures and apparatus other than those stated in this
5. Significance and Use
standard may be used by agreement of purchaser and supplier
5.1 The depth of color achieved in dyeing fabric according
with the specific deviations from the standard acknowledged in
to this practice is relative to the amount of sizing in the fabric.
the report.
This practice employs a chromatic staining scale from 1 to 5
1.3 This practice may involve hazardous materials, opera-
which is inversely proportional to the relative amount of sizing
tions, and equipment. This practice does not purport to address
in the fabric. A light color stain indicates a low concentration
all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is
of sizing and warrants a high numerical rating, while a dark
the responsibility of the user of this practice to establish
color stain indicates a high concentration of sizing and war-
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the
rants a low numerical rating.
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.2 The accuracy of this practice depends upon the ability of
2. Referenced Documents the testing personnel to match the color of the stain to the
colors in the AATCC 9 Step ChromaticTransference Scale.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
6. Apparatus
2
D 1776 Practice for Conditioning of Textiles
6.1 Stainless Steel or Glass Beaker with a capacity of 1000
2.2 American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists
ml.
(AATCC):
3 6.2 Glacial Acetic Acid.
AATCC AATCC Evaluation Procedure # 8
3
6.3 AATCC 9 Step Chromatic Transference Scale .
3. Terminology 6.4 Ventilated Forced Air Drying Oven capable of maintain-
ing 350° 6 5°F (177 6 3°C).
3.1 Definitions:
6.5 100% concentration of Sevron 4G or equivalent Basic
3.1.1 extractable matter, n—nonfibrous material in or on a
Red 14 Dyestuff.
textile, not including water, which is removable by a specified
6.6 Fine Mesh SieveFine mesh sieve with a count of per
solvent or solvents, as directed in a specified procedure.
inch 100 3 100.
3.1.2 sizing, n—a generic term for compounds which, when
applied to yarn or fabric, form a more or less continuous solid
7. Conditioning
film around the yarn and individual fibers.
7.1 Neither preconditioning nor conditioning is necessary.
3.2 For definitions of other terms used in this test method,
refer to Terminology D 123.
8. Sampling
4. Summary of Practice 8.1 Determining residual size is a destructive test and
therefore necessitates sampling procedures if used in conjunc-
4.1 Test specimens of undyed nylon or polyester fabric are
tion with lot acceptance of commercial shipments.
8.2 Lot Sample
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and
8.2.1 For acceptance testing, the lot size is the quantity of
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.20 on Inflatable Restraints.
fabric finished in one production day or as agreed between
Current edition approved May 10, 2001. Published August 2001. Originally
published as D 6613–00. Last previous edition D 6613–00. purchaser and supplier.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.
8.2.2 Unless otherwise agreed by purchaser and supplier,
3
Available from AATCC P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, N.C. 27709.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D 6613
take as a lot sample all of the rolls in a commercial shipment. 10.3 The purchaser and supplier shall determine the exact
Consider the rolls to be the primary sampling units. form of the test report. Unless otherwise specified, the form
8.3 Laboratory Sample shall provide the following information:
8.3.1 An entire roll of fabric or a full-width cut end from the
10.3.1 Fabric designation,
end of a roll within a lot sample constitutes a laboratory
10.3.2 Lot identification,
sample.
10.3.3 Date of report,
8.4 Test Sp
...

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5.1 This is a quick method used for the determination of the approximate yarn number of short-length specimens taken from packages or fabrics.  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the yarn number of all types of cotton, woolen, worsted, and man-made fiber yarns taken from packages; or from any textile fabrics in which the yarns are intact and can be removed in measurable lengths. The test method is not applicable to yarns taken from napped or cut pile fabrics. Because this test method is based on short-length specimens, the results should only be considered as approximations of yarn number.
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5.1 Test Method D6612 for yarn number and yarn number variability is satisfactory for acceptance of commercial shipments and is used in the trade.  
5.1.1 If there are differences of practical significance between the reported test results for two or more laboratories, comparative tests should be performed by those laboratories to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, samples used for each comparative tests should be as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the same lot of material as the samples that results in disparate results during initial testing, and randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory. Other fabrics with established tests values are used for this purpose. The test results from the laboratories involved should be compared appropriate statistical analysis and a probability level chosen by the two parties before testing begins, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results adjusted in consideration of the known bias.  
5.1.2 The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using appropriate statistical analysis and a probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results with consideration to the known bias.  
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5.3 Indices of Variability:  
5.3.1 Coefficient of Variation—%CV is a standard statistical calculation and is the most common index of yarn unevenness. For most textile applications in the 80 to 330 dtex (70 to 300 denier) range, a 1.0 to 1.3 %CV is adequate. %CV of yarns coarser than 666 dtex (600 denier) is not routine and usually not meaningful. %CV is less discriminating that %DS.  
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SCOPE
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1.2 Yarn number variability properties include percent density spread (%DS), coefficient of variation (%CV), density frequency variation.  
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1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore to ensure conformance with this standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM D1423/D1423M-16(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Twist in Yarns by Direct-Counting

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Test Method D1423 for testing twist in yarns by direct-counting is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments because current estimates of between-laboratory precision are acceptable and the method has been used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing.  
5.1.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum use the samples for such comparative tests as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the same lot of material that resulted in the disparate test results and randomly in equal numbers to each laboratory. The test results from the laboratories involved should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.  
5.2 The determination of twist in a straight section of a yarn is not the simple straightforward operation it appears to be, for the test results may be greatly influenced by variations in test procedures and techniques. In all manipulations, extreme care is necessary to prevent specimen rotation altering the twist level before testing begins.  
5.3 The twist in a yarn before it is packaged may be different from that of the yarn after it has been withdrawn from the package because of changes in tension and the effect of the method of withdrawal. If the yarn is withdrawn over-end, a slight increase or decrease in twist will take place, depending upon the direction of the twist in the yarn, the direction of winding on the package, and the length of the wrap on the package.  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount and direction of twist at the completion of any stage of twisting in single (spun or filament), plied, cabled, or novelty (exclusive of long-term repeat patterns) yarns. The procedures are designed primarily for yarns in packages, but, with special precautions, they are applicable to yarns taken from fabrics. The procedure for spun yarn in 9.2 is also applicable to rovings.  
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1.3 This test method is not intended for yarns that extend more than 5.0 % when tension is increased from 2.5 to 7.5 mN/tex [0.25 to 0.75 gf/tex]. Following the procedures of this test method for such yarns would be independent of the bias and precision determined for this test method. The report from such testing should include the tension used for this testing.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
Note 1: For a more rapid but less accurate method of determining twist in single spun yarns, refer to Test Method D1422.
Note 2: This test method has been evaluated for use in de...

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ASTM D2258/D2258M-16(2022)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Sampling Yarn for Testing

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Assigning a value to any property of the material in a container or in a lot, consignment, or delivery involves a measurement process that includes both sampling and testing procedures. The correctness of the value assigned depends upon the variability due to testing and sampling plan. Even when the variability due to testing is minimized by carefully developed procedures, correct and consistent estimates of the true value of the property are possible only when the sampling procedure avoids systematic bias, minimizes variations due to sampling, and provides a laboratory sample of adequate size.  
5.2 Practice D2258 may not give the most efficient sampling plan that might be devised in special situations but does present a general procedure that gives satisfactory precision with an economical amount of sampling. Many plans that include stratified sampling can be found in textbooks and through the use of statistical software tools and calculators.  
5.2.1 If not specified by the purchaser, the manufacturer will define suitable production lots based on one or more of the following: supply lot, production shift/time segment, production equipment or production line, operator, designated shipment, production run, or a combination herein.  
5.2.2 If not specified by the purchaser, the manufacturer will define sampling and testing frequency based on the following: process capability or capability analysis, historical trends, level of detection rate required, confidence level requirements, known variations or special causes, or both. Every attempt to ensure conforming product is being produced, identify potential nonconforming product or proper isolation and identification, will be carried out by the manufacturer.  
5.2.3 Sampling count and number of specimens will be based on standard practice listed within the document. Increase or decrease in count or frequency might be applied based on typical standard deviation, precision and confidence level, Measurement System...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes a procedure for the division of shipments of yarn into test lots and the sampling of such lots for testing.  
1.1.1 This practice can be used for lot sample testing of yarns for both pre-fabric production and post-fabric production.  
1.2 This practice is applicable to single, plied, or cabled yarns, and cords, made of any fiber or mixture of fibers, and supported on any form of package, including beams.  
1.3 This practice also describes procedures for the sampling of yarn(s) removed from woven or knitted fabrics; however, when thus sampled, the yarns are usually not representative of entire shipments, as referred to in 1.1. Consequently, the resultant sampling can only be used to determine the characteristics of the yarn and is usually not used for acceptance testing. Moreover, it should be recognized that the characteristics of yarns from fabrics may be different than the characteristics of the same yarn(s), prior to being entered into the fabric manufacturing process.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical...

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ASTM
ASTM D3693-02(2021)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Labeled Length per Holder of Sewing Thread

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for the labeled lengths per holder of sewing threads of all materials. The test specimen is a thread holder whether a cone, tube, spool, ready-made bobbin, or any other holders. The observed length for all holders such as home sewing spools, ready-made bobbins, or all other holders which depends on the sampling size shall equal or exceed a certain percentage of the minimum allowable labeled length.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements for the labeled lengths of sewing threads of all materials.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D2731-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Elastic Properties of Elastomeric Yarns (CRE Type Tensile Testing Machines)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments since current estimates of between-laboratory precision are acceptable and the method is used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing.  
5.1.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, use samples for such comparative tests that are as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the same lot of material as the samples that resulted in disparate results during initial testing, and randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory. The test results from the laboratories involved should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.  
5.2 Force at Specified Elongation (FASE) is a measure of the tensile force occurring while extending a textile material within specified limits. This characteristic of elastomeric yarn indicates the resistance that will have to be overcome by the wearer while putting on a garment made of the material and is also an indication of the garment's resistance to deformation caused by normal body movements during wear. The elongations used for these measurements are typically 100 %, 200 % and 300 %.  
5.3 Permanent Deformation (set) is a measure of the increase in length of an elastomeric yarn resulting from cyclic stretching and relaxation. The characteristic is a visible indication of the realignment of intermolecular bonds within the elastic material. As with stress decay, the amount of set increases with yarn extension; however, for any particular extension, little or no additional set takes place after...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of elastic properties of “as produced” elastomeric yarns made from rubber, spandex or other elastomers. Elastic properties include force at specified elongations, permanent deformation and stress decay. Other hysteresis related properties can be calculated.
Note 1: For a method designed specifically for testing rubber threads, refer to Test Method D2433.  
1.2 This test method is not applicable to covered, wrapped, or core-spun yarns or yarns spun from elastomeric staple.  
1.3 This test method is applicable to elastomeric yarns having a range of 40 to 3200 dtex (36 to 2900 denier).  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or U.S. Customary units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the U.S. Customary units are in parentheses. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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    6 pages
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    sale 15% off