ASTM D2471-99
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Gel Time and Peak Exothermic Temperature of Reacting Thermosetting Resins (Withdrawn 2008)
Standard Test Method for Gel Time and Peak Exothermic Temperature of Reacting Thermosetting Resins (Withdrawn 2008)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Since the gel time and the peak exothermic temperature of a reacting thermosetting plastic composition vary with the volume of material mixed at one time, it is essential that the volume be specified in any determination. By selection of an appropriate volume, gel time and peak exothermic data may be obtained in sufficiently precise and reproducible form or application evaluation, quality control, and material characterization of a thermosetting plastic composition. For most meaningful results, the cross sectional area of the material being examined, as well as other conditions of testing, should approximate as closely as possible the conditions of use of the material.
This test method is operator-dependent since it is simple to perform. It is of value for determining conditions required to produce an end product.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time from the initial mixing of the reactants of a thermosetting plastic composition to the time when solidification commences, under conditions approximating the conditions of use. This test method also provides a means for measuring the maximum temperature reached by a reacting thermosetting plastic composition, as well as the time from initial mixing to the time when this peak exothermic temperature is reached. This test method is limited to reacting mixtures exhibiting gel times greater than 5 min.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1-There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This practice covered the determination of the time from the initial mixing of the reactants of a thermosetting plastic composition to the time when solidification commences, under conditions approximating the conditions of use. This practice also provided a means for measuring the maximum temperature reached by a reacting thermosetting plastic composition, as well as the time from initial mixing to the time when this peak exothermic temperature is reached. It was limited to reacting mixtures exhibiting gel times greater than 5 min.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D20 on Plastics, this practice was withdrawn in September 2008 in accordance with section 10.5.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D2471–99
Standard Test Method for
Gel Time and Peak Exothermic Temperature of Reacting
Thermosetting Resins
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2471; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time
3. Terminology
from the initial mixing of the reactants of a thermosetting
3.1 Definitions:
plastic composition to the time when solidification com-
3.1.1 General—Definitions of plastics terms used in this
mences, under conditions approximating the conditions of use.
test method are in accordance with Terminology D 883.
This test method also provides a means for measuring the
maximum temperature reached by a reacting thermosetting
4. Significance and Use
plastic composition, as well as the time from initial mixing to
4.1 Since the gel time and the peak exothermic temperature
the time when this peak exothermic temperature is reached.
of a reacting thermosetting plastic composition vary with the
This test method is limited to reacting mixtures exhibiting gel
volume of material mixed at one time, it is essential that the
times greater than 5 min.
volume be specified in any determination. By selection of an
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
appropriate volume, gel time and peak exothermic data may be
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
obtained in sufficiently precise and reproducible form or
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
application evaluation, quality control, and material character-
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
ization of a thermosetting plastic composition. For most
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
meaningful results, the cross sectional area of the material
with this test method.
being examined, as well as other conditions of testing, should
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
approximate as closely as possible the conditions of use of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
material.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.2 This test method is operator-dependent since it is simple
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
to perform. It is of value for determining conditions required to
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
produce an end product.
1.4 This test method applies to adhesives, caulks, sealants,
encapsulatingandpottingcompounds,andsimilarmaterials,as
5. Apparatus
described in Table 1.
5.1 Sample Containers, to contain a volume of reacting
NOTE 1—There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.
thermosetting plastic in a cross sectional area representative of
the conditions of application of the material. Suggested con-
2. Referenced Documents
tainers are the following:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1.1 Aluminum Foil Dish, approximately 7 cm (2.75 in.) in
D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
diameter and 1.4 cm (0.56 in.) deep.
5.1.2 Paint Can, open-top, ⁄4-pt, approximately 6.00 cm
(2.375 in.) in diameter by 5.00 cm (2 in.) deep.
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
5.1.3 Paint Can, open-top, 1-pt, approximately 8.2 cm (3.25
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.16 on Thermosetting Materi-
in.) in diameter by 9.5 cm (3.75 in.) deep.
als.
5.2 Wooden Probe—Applicator sticks approximately 0.24
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1999. Published February 2000. Originally
published as D 2471 – 66 T. Last previous edition D 2471 – 94.
cm (0.09 in.) in diameter by 15.2 cm (6.00 in.) long have been
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
found satisfactory.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.3 Nonconducting Surface, such as dry wood or corrugated
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. casing.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
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D2471–99
TABLE 1 Sample Volumes Related to Application
Application Test Volume Working Volume
Thin-section applications, adhesives, tooling surface coats, 15 mL (0.5 fluid oz) in aluminum foil dish 60 mL (2 fluid oz)
dip coatings, laminating materials, impregnants, caulking and
sealing compounds, small-volume encapsulating, and potting
compounds
Surface-casting systems, larger-volume encapsulating, and 45 mL (1.5 fluid oz) in aluminum foil dish 90 mL (3 fluid oz)
potting compounds
Laminating materials, surface-casting systems 120 mL (4 fluid oz) in ⁄4-pt can 150 mL (5 fluid oz)
Mass-casting systems, potting compounds, quality control of 415 mL (14 fluid oz) (weighed directly into 415 mL (14 fluid oz)
any material normally mixed and used in this quantity sample container) in 1-pt can
5.4 Temperature Measuring Devices: 7.4 Transfer the appropriate test volume (see Note 4)ofthe
5.4.1 Any temperature recorder or indicator utilizing ex- mixed components immediately to an appropriate sample
pendable thermocouples and accurate to approximately 61% container which has been previously conditioned at the test
of scale is adequate for all but the most precise characterizing temperature.
tests. 7.5 Place the sample container on a nonconducting surface
in still air at the test temperature.
NOTE 2—Previous versions of this test method have contained a
paragraph detailing the possible use of a thermometer for temperature
NOTE 6—If it is desirable, because of the nature of the application, to
determination. Use of a thermometer is no long
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