ASTM A312/A312M-01a

Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers seamless, straight-seam welded, and heavily cold worked welded austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosive service.
Note 1—When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature service would be 15 ft-lbf [20 J] energy absorption or 15 mils [0.38 mm] lateral expansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades covered by this specification are accepted by certain pressure vessel or piping codes without the necessity of making the actual test. For example, Grades TP304, TP304L, and TP347 are accepted by the ASME Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII Division 1, and by the Chemical Plant and Refinery Piping Code, ANSI B31.3, for service at temperatures as low as -425oF [-250oC] without qualification by impact tests. Other AISI stainless steel grades are usually accepted for service temperatures as low as -325oF [-200oC] without impact testing. Impact testing may, under certain circumstances, be required. For example, materials with chromium or nickel content outside the AISI ranges, and for material with carbon content exceeding 0.10 %, are required to be impact tested under the rules of ASME Section VIII Division 1 when service temperatures are lower than -50oF [-45oC].
1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H, TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H are modifications of Grades TP304, TP309Cb, TP309S, TP310Cb, TP310S, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended for high-temperature service.
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made and, when desired, one or more of these may be specified in the order.
1.4 Table X1.1 lists the standardized dimensions of welded and seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ANSI B36.19. These dimensions are also applicable to heavily cold worked pipe. Pipe having other dimensions may be furnished provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification.
1.5 Grades TP321 and TP321H have lower strength requirements for pipe manufactured by the seamless process in nominal wall thicknesses greater than 3/8 in. [9.5 mm].
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the "M" designation of this specification is specified in the order.
Note 2—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as "nominal diameter," "size," and "nominal size."

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Sep-2001
• ICS: 23.040.10 - Iron and steel pipes
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.10 - Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A312/A312M-01 - Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Replaced By: ASTM A312/A312M-02 - Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F2015-00(2019) - Standard Specification for Lap Joint Flange Pipe End Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C852/C852M-17(2022) - Standard Guide for Design Criteria for Plutonium Gloveboxes
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F3226/F3226M-19 - Standard Specification for Metallic Press-Connect Fittings for Piping and Tubing Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F1545-15a(2021) - Standard Specification for Plastic-Lined Ferrous Metal Pipe, Fittings, and Flanges
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F1076-19 - Standard Practice for Expanded Welded and Silver Brazed Socket Joints for Pipe and Tube
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM A778/A778M-22 - Standard Specification for Welded, Unannealed Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubular Products
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F1548-01(2023) - Standard Specification for Performance of Fittings for Use with Gasketed Mechanical Couplings Used in Piping Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F1197-19 - Standard Specification for Sliding Watertight Door Control Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F1718-01(2019) - Standard Specification for Rotary Positive Displacement Distillate Fuel Pumps
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C1847-21 - Standard Specification for Direct Buried Pre-Insulated and Jacketed Polyurethane Bonded Low Temperature Hot Water Piping Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM A999/A999M-23 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F1807-23 - Standard Specification for Metal Insert Fittings Utilizing a Copper Crimp Ring, or Alternate Stainless Steel Clamps, for SDR9 Cross-linked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing and SDR9 Polyethylene of Raised Temperature (PE-RT) Tubing
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM A733-16(2022) - Standard Specification for Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel and Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe Nipples
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Please contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
An American National Standard
Designation: A 312/A 312M – 01a Used in USDOE-NE standards
Standard Specification for
1
Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationA312/A312M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 1.5 GradesTP321andTP321Hhavelowerstrengthrequire-
2
ments for pipe manufactured by the seamless process in
1.1 This specification covers seamless, straight-seam
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nominal wall thicknesses greater than ⁄8 in. [9.5 mm].
welded, and heavily cold worked welded austenitic stainless
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
steel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosive
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
service.
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
NOTE 1—When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature service
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
would be 15 ft·lbf [20 J] energy absorption or 15 mils [0.38 mm] lateral
beusedindependentlyoftheother.Combiningvaluesfromthe
expansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades covered by this
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
specification are accepted by certain pressure vessel or piping codes
cation. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”
without the necessity of making the actual test. For example, Grades
TP304, TP304L, and TP347 are accepted by the ASME Pressure Vessel designation of this specification is specified in the order.
Code, Section VIII Division 1, and by the Chemical Plant and Refinery
NOTE 2—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has
Piping Code, ANSI B31.3, for service at temperatures as low as −425°F
been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal
[−250°C] without qualification by impact tests. OtherAISI stainless steel
diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”
grades are usually accepted for service temperatures as low as −325°F
[−200°C] without impact testing. Impact testing may, under certain
2. Referenced Documents
circumstances, be required. For example, materials with chromium or
nickel content outside the AISI ranges, and for material with carbon 2.1 ASTM Standards:
contentexceeding0.10%,arerequiredtobeimpacttestedundertherules
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranu-
3
of ASME Section VIII Division 1 when service temperatures are lower
lar Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
than −50°F [−45°C].
A370 TestMethodsandDefinitionsforMechanicalTesting
3
1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H,
of Steel Products
TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H are
A450/A450M Specification for General Requirements for
4
modifications of GradesTP304,TP309Cb,TP309S,TP310Cb, Carbon, Ferritic Alloy, and Austenitic Alloy Steel Tubes
TP310S, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-
4
for high-temperature service. lated Alloys, and Ferroalloys
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for
A999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for
4
pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
supplementaryrequirementscallforadditionalteststobemade
E112 Test Methods for Determining the Average Grain
5
and,whendesired,oneormoreofthesemaybespecifiedinthe Size
order.
E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,
5
1.4 Table X1.1 lists the standardized dimensions of welded Blooms, and Forgings
4
and seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ANSI B36.19.
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
6
These dimensions are also applicable to heavily cold worked 2.2 ANSI Standards:
pipe. Pipe having other dimensions may be furnished provided
B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose
such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specifi- B36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
cation.
B36.19 Stainless Steel Pipe
2.3 ASME Standard:
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel, and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
3
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
4
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2001. Published December 2001. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.
5
published as A312–48T. Last previous edition A312/A312M–01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
2 6
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related
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