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ASTM E292-18

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods for Conducting Time-for-Rupture Notch Tension Tests of Materials

Standard Test Methods for Conducting Time-for-Rupture Notch Tension Tests of Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Rupture life of notched specimens is an indication of the ability of a material to deform locally without cracking under multi-axial stress conditions, thereby redistributing stresses around a stress concentrator.  
4.2 The notch test is used principally as a qualitative tool in comparing the suitability of materials for designs that will contain deliberate or accidental stress concentrators.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the time for rupture of notched specimens under conditions of constant force and temperature. These test methods also includes the essential requirements for testing equipment.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The units in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Mar-2018
ICS
77.040.10 - Mechanical testing of metals
Technical Committee
E28 - Mechanical Testing
Drafting Committee
E28.04 - Uniaxial Testing
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM E8/E8M-15 - Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
Effective Date
01-Feb-2015
Refers
ASTM E8/E8M-16 - Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
Effective Date
15-Jul-2016
Refers
ASTM E4-14 - Standard Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
Effective Date
01-Jun-2014

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ASTM E292-18 - Standard Test Methods for Conducting Time-for-Rupture Notch Tension Tests of MaterialsASTM E292-18 - Standard Test Methods for Conducting Time-for-Rupture Notch Tension Tests of Materials
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ASTM E292-18 - Standard Test Methods for Conducting Time-for-Rupture Notch Tension Tests of Materials
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E292 − 18
Standard Test Methods for
Conducting Time-for-Rupture Notch Tension Tests of
1
Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E292; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the time
ASTM Test Methods
for rupture of notched specimens under conditions of constant
E220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By
force and temperature. These test methods also includes the
Comparison Techniques
essential requirements for testing equipment.
E633 Guide for Use of Thermocouples in Creep and Stress-
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Rupture Testing to 1800°F (1000°C) in Air
as the standard. The units in parentheses are for information
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
only.
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the E1012 Practice for Verification of Testing Frame and Speci-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
men Alignment Under Tensile and Compressive Axial
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Force Application
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
2.2 Military Standard:
3
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
MIL-STD-120 Gage Inspection
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3. Terminology
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1 Definitions—The definitions of terms relating to creep
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
testing,thatappearsinTerminologyE6shallapplytotheterms
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
used in these test methods. For the purpose of this practice
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
only, some of the more general terms are used with the
restricted meanings given below.
2. Referenced Documents
2
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.1 axial strain—the average of the strain measured on
A453/A453M Specification for High-Temperature Bolting,
opposite sides and equally distant from the specimen axis.
with Expansion Coefficients Comparable to Austenitic
Stainless Steels
3.2.2 bending strain—the difference between the strain at
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines the surface of the specimen and the axial strain. In general, it
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
varies from point to point around and along reduced section of
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma- the specimen.
terials
3.2.3 gauge length—the original distance between gauge
E74 Practices for Calibration and Verification for Force-
marks made on the specimen for determining elongation after
Measuring Instruments
fracture.
E139 Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture,
3.2.4 length of the reduced section—the distance between
tangent points of the fillets that bound the reduced section.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E28 on
3.2.5 The adjusted length of the reduced section is greater
Mechanical Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E28.04 on
than the length of the reduced section by an amount calculated
Uniaxial Testing.
to compensate for the strain in the fillets adjacent to the
Current edition approved April 1, 2018. Published May 2018. Originally
ɛ1
approvedin1966.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2009asE292 – 09 whichwas reduced section.
withdrawn February 2018 and reinstated in April 2018. DOI: 10.1520/E0292-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave.,
the ASTM website. Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E292 − 18
3.2.6 maximumbendingstrain—thelargestvalueofbending tions may deteriorate when used at sufficiently high tempera-
strain
...

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ASTM E10-23(Test Method)
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The Brinell hardness test is an indentation hardness test that can provide useful information about metallic materials. This information may correlate to tensile strength, wear resistance, ductility, or other physical characteristics of metallic materials, and may be useful in quality control and selection of materials.  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the Brinell hardness of metallic materials by the Brinell indentation hardness principle. This standard provides the requirements for a Brinell testing machine and the procedures for performing Brinell hardness tests.  
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1.3 This standard includes additional requirements in the following annexes:    
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1.4 This standard includes nonmandatory information in the following appendixes that relates to the Brinell hardness test:    
Table of Brinell Hardness Numbers  
Appendix X1  
Examples of Procedures for Determining
Brinell Hardness Uncertainty  
Appendix X2  
1.5 At the time the Brinell hardness test was developed, the force levels were specified in units of kilograms-force (kgf). Although this standard specifies the unit of force in the International System of Units (SI) as the Newton (N), because of the historical precedent and continued common usage of kgf units, force values in kgf units are provided for information and much of the discussion in this standard refers to forces in kgf units.  
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ASTM E92-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Vickers Hardness and Knoop Hardness of Metallic Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Vickers and Knoop hardness tests have been found to be very useful for materials evaluation, quality control of manufacturing processes and research and development efforts. Hardness, although empirical in nature, can be correlated to tensile strength for many metals, and is an indicator of wear resistance and ductility.  
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4.6 The elongated four-sided rhombohedral shape of the Knoop indenter, where the length of the long diagonal is 7.114 times greater than the short diagonal, produces narrower and shallower indentations than the square-based pyramid Vickers indenter under identical test conditions. Hence, the Knoop hardness test is very useful for evaluating hardness gradients since Knoo...
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the Vickers hardness and Knoop hardness of metallic materials by the Vickers and Knoop indentation hardness principles. This standard provides the requirements for Vickers and Knoop hardness machines and the procedures for performing Vickers and Knoop hardness tests.  
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Verification of Vickers and Knoop Hardness Testing Machines  
Annex A1  
Vickers and Knoop Hardness Standardizing Machines  
Annex A2  
Standardization of Vickers and Knoop Indenters  
Annex A3  
Standardization of Vickers and Knoop Hardness Test Blocks  
Annex A4  
Correction Factors for Vickers Hardness Tests Made on Spherical and Cylindrical Surfaces  
Annex A5  
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Examples of Procedures for Determining Vickers and Knoop Hardness Uncertainty  
Appendix X1  
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Standard Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 These test methods of impact testing relate specifically to the behavior of metal when subjected to a single application of a force resulting in multi-axial stresses associated with a notch, coupled with high rates of loading and in some cases with high or low temperatures. For some materials and temperatures the results of impact tests on notched specimens, when correlated with service experience, have been found to predict the likelihood of brittle fracture accurately. Further information on significance appears in Appendix X1.
SCOPE
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ASTM E110-14(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Rockwell and Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials by Portable Hardness Testers

ABSTRACT
This test method establishes the standard procedures, including the calibration, precision and bias of the apparatus used, for the determination of indentation hardness of metallic materials by means of portable hardness testers.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Portable hardness testers are used for testing materials that because of their size, location or other requirements such as test point are unable to be tested using traditional fixed instruments.  
3.2 Portable hardness testers, by their nature, induce variation that could influence the test results; therefore, hardness measurements made in accordance with this test method are not considered to meet the requirements of E10 or E18. The user should compare the results of the precision and bias studies in E110, E10 and E18 to understand the differences in results expected between portable and fixed instruments.  
3.3 Two test parameters that can significantly influence the measurement accuracy when using portable hardness testers are the alignment of the indenter to the test surface and the timing of the test forces. The user is cautioned to do everything possible to keep the centerline of the indenter perpendicular to the test surface and to apply the test forces using the same time cycle as defined in Test Method E10 or Test Methods E18.  
3.4 Portable hardness testers are delicate instruments that are subject to damage when they are moved from one test site to another. Therefore, repeating the daily verification process during the testing sequence is recommended to insure that they are working properly.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method defines the requirements for portable instruments that are intended to be used to measure the Rockwell or Brinell hardness of metallic materials by performing indentation tests on the surface of materials in the field or outside of a test lab, or in cases where the size or weight of the test piece prevents it from being tested on a standard E10 or E18 hardness tester.  
1.2 The principles used to measure the Rockwell or Brinell hardness are the same as those defined in the E18 standard test method for Rockwell or E10 standard test method for Brinell.  
Note 1: Standard test methods E10 and E18 will be referred to in this test method as the standard methods.  
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1.5 A report section is included to define how to indicate that the test result was obtained by using a portable device that conforms to this document.  
1.6 Annex A1 is included that defines the periodic indirect verification and daily verification requirements for these instruments.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM E290-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Bend Testing of Material for Ductility

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Bend tests for ductility provide a simple way to evaluate the quality of materials by their ability to resist cracking or other surface irregularities during one continuous bend. No reversal of the bend force shall be employed when conducting these tests.  
5.2 The type of bend test used determines the location of the forces and constraints on the bent portion of the specimen, ranging from no direct contact to continuous contact.  
5.3 The test can terminate at a given angle of bend over a specified radius of bend or continue until the specimen legs are in contact. The angle of bend can be measured while the specimen is under the bending force (usually when the semi-guided bend test is employed), or after removal of the force as when performing a free-bend test. Product requirements for the material being tested determine the method used.  
5.4 Materials with an as-fabricated cross section of rectangular, round, hexagonal, or similar defined shape can be tested in full section to evaluate their bend properties by using the procedures outlined in these test methods, in which case relative width and thickness requirements do not apply.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover bend testing for ductility of materials. Included in the procedures are four conditions of constraint on the bent portion of the specimen; a guided-bend test using a mandrel or plunger of defined dimensions to force the mid-length of the specimen between two supports separated by a defined space; a semi-guided bend test in which the specimen is bent, while in contact with a mandrel, through a specified angle of bend or to a specified inside radius of bend (r) measured while under the bending force; a free-bend test in which the ends of the specimen are brought toward each other, but in which no transverse force is applied to the bend itself and there is no contact of the concave inside surface of the bend with other material; a bend-and-flatten test, in which a transverse force is applied to the bend such that the legs make contact with each other over the length of the specimen.  
1.2 After bending, the convex surface of the bend is examined for evidence of a crack or surface irregularities. If the specimen fractures, the material has failed the test. When complete fracture does not occur, the criterion for failure is the number and size of cracks or surface irregularities visible to the unaided eye occurring on the convex surface of the specimen after bending, as specified by the product specification. Any cracks within one thickness of the edge of the specimen are not considered a bend test failure. Cracks occurring in the corners of the bent portion shall not be considered significant unless they exceed the size specified for corner cracks in the product specification.  
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Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Tension tests provide information on the strength and ductility of materials under uniaxial tensile stresses. This information may be useful in comparisons of materials, alloy development, quality control, and design under certain circumstances.  
4.2 The results of tension tests of specimens machined to standardized dimensions from selected portions of a part or material may not totally represent the strength and ductility properties of the entire end product or its in-service behavior in different environments.  
4.3 These test methods are considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments. The test methods have been used extensively in the trade for this purpose.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the tension testing of metallic materials in any form at room temperature, specifically, the methods of determination of yield strength, yield point elongation, tensile strength, elongation, and reduction of area.  
1.2 The gauge lengths for most round specimens are required to be 4D for E8 and 5D for E8M. The gauge length is the most significant difference between E8 and E8M test specimens. Test specimens made from powder metallurgy (P/M) materials are exempt from this requirement by industry-wide agreement to keep the pressing of the material to a specific projected area and density.  
1.3 Exceptions to the provisions of these test methods may need to be made in individual specifications or test methods for a particular material. For examples, see Test Methods and Definitions A370 and Test Methods B557, and B557M.  
1.4 Room temperature shall be considered to be 10 °C to 38 °C [50 °F to 100°F] unless otherwise specified.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as separate from inch/pound units. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The Rockwell hardness test is an empirical indentation hardness test that can provide useful information about metallic materials. This information may correlate to tensile strength, wear resistance, ductility, and other physical characteristics of metallic materials, and may be useful in quality control and selection of materials.  
4.2 Rockwell hardness tests are considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, and have been used extensively in industry for this purpose.  
4.3 Rockwell hardness testing at a specific location on a part may not represent the physical characteristics of the whole part or end product.  
4.4 Adherence to this standard test method provides traceability to national Rockwell hardness standards except as stated otherwise.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the Rockwell hardness and the Rockwell superficial hardness of metallic materials by the Rockwell indentation hardness principle. This standard provides the requirements for Rockwell hardness machines and the procedures for performing Rockwell hardness tests.  
1.2 This test method includes requirements for the use of portable Rockwell hardness testing machines that measure Rockwell hardness by the Rockwell hardness test principle and can meet all the requirements of this test method, including the direct and indirect verifications of the testing machine. Portable Rockwell hardness testing machines that cannot meet the direct verification requirements and can only be verified by indirect verification requirements are covered in Test Method E110.  
1.3 This standard includes additional requirements in the following annexes:    
Verification of Rockwell Hardness Testing Machines  
Annex A1  
Rockwell Hardness Standardizing Machines  
Annex A2  
Standardization of Rockwell Indenters  
Annex A3  
Standardization of Rockwell Hardness Test Blocks  
Annex A4  
Guidelines for Determining the Minimum Thickness of a
Test Piece  
Annex A5  
Hardness Value Corrections When Testing on Convex
Cylindrical Surfaces  
Annex A6  
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List of ASTM Standards Giving Hardness Values Corresponding
to Tensile Strength  
Appendix X1  
Examples of Procedures for Determining Rockwell
Hardness Uncertainty  
Appendix X2  
1.5 Units—At the time the Rockwell hardness test was developed, the force levels were specified in units of kilograms-force (kgf) and the indenter ball diameters were specified in units of inches (in.). This standard specifies the units of force and length in the International System of Units (SI); that is, force in Newtons (N) and length in millimeters (mm). However, because of the historical precedent and continued common usage, force values in kgf units and ball diameters in inch units are provided for information and much of the discussion in this standard refers to these units.  
1.6 The test principles, testing procedures, and verification procedures are essentially identical for both the Rockwell and Rockwell superficial hardness tests. The significant differences between the two tests are that the test forces are smaller for the Rockwell superficial test than for the Rockwell test. The same type and size indenters may be used for either test, depending on the scale being employed. Accordingly, throughout this standard, the term Rockwell will imply both Rockwell and Rockwell superficial unless stated otherwise.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM E3246-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Differential Indentation Depth Hardness of Metallic Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The Differential Indentation Depth hardness test is an empirical indentation hardness test that can provide useful information about metallic materials. This information can correlate to tensile strength, wear resistance, ductility, and other physical characteristics of metallic materials, and can be useful in quality control and selection of materials.  
4.2 Differential Indentation Depth hardness tests are considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, and have been used in industry for this purpose.  
4.3 Differential Indentation Depth hardness testing at a specific location on a part might not represent the physical characteristics of the whole part or end product. Machines that comply with this Standard are used when machines that comply with the regular hardness standards such as Test Methods E10, E18, E92, and E384 cannot be used. Test results obtained with these machines are comparable BUT NOT EQUIVALENT to those obtained with machines that comply with the above mentioned standards.  
4.4 Differential Indentation Depth hardness testing machines covered by this standard do not comply with Test Methods E10, E18, E92, or E110.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the Differential Indentation Depth hardness of metallic materials by the Differential Indentation Depth hardness principle. This standard provides the requirements for Differential Indentation Depth hardness testing machines and the procedures for performing Differential Indentation Depth hardness tests.  
1.2 This standard includes additional requirements in annexes:    
Verification of Differential Indentation Depth Hardness Testing Machines  
Annex A1  
Guidelines for Determining the Minimum Thickness of a Test Piece  
Annex A2  
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List of ASTM Standards Giving Hardness Numbers Corresponding to Tensile Strength  
Appendix X1  
Examples of Procedures for Determining Differential Indentation Depth Hardness Uncertainty  
Appendix X2  
Examples of Indenters Used in Differential Indentation Depth Machines  
Appendix X3  
1.4 Units—This standard specifies the units of force and length in the International System of Units (SI); that is, force in Newtons (N) and length in micrometers (µm). However, because of continued common usage, values are provided in other units of measure for information.  
1.5 The test principles, testing procedures, and verification procedures are essentially identical for all the Differential Indentation Depth hardness testing instruments. The testing instruments may use different test forces and indenter shapes. The type and size of the indenters are matched to the design of the instrument by the manufacturer. Accordingly, the indenters, probes and other instrument components are generally not interchangeable among manufacturers.  
1.6 The hardness number reported by these instruments are based on direct correlations to existing hardness scales as determined by each manufacturer for each instrument and hardness scale. Unless otherwise noted on the instrument or in the operating manual for the instrument, the hardness numbers reported by the instrument are only applicable to non-austenitic steels. See 5.6.1 for additional information.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organizati...

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ASTM
ASTM E436-03(2021)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Drop-Weight Tear Tests of Ferritic Steels

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method can be used to determine the appearance of propagating fractures in plain carbon or low-alloy pipe steels (yield strengths less than 825 MPa) over the temperature range where the fracture mode changes from brittle (cleavage or flat) to ductile (shear or oblique).  
4.2 This test method can serve the following purposes:  
4.2.1 For research and development, to study the effect of metallurgical variables such as composition or heat treatment, or of fabricating operations such as welding or forming on the mode of fracture propagation.  
4.2.2 For evaluation of materials for service to indicate the suitability of a material for specific applications by indicating fracture propagation behavior at the service temperature(s).  
4.2.3 For information or specification purposes, to provide a manufacturing quality control only when suitable correlations have been established with service behavior.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers drop-weight tear tests (DWTT) on ferritic steels with thicknesses between 3.18 mm and 19.1 mm.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E143-20(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Shear Modulus at Room Temperature

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Shear modulus is a material property useful in calculating compliance of structural materials in torsion provided they follow Hooke's law, that is, the angle of twist is proportional to the applied torque. Examples of the use of shear modulus are in the design of rotating shafts and helical compression springs.  
5.2 The procedural steps and precision of the apparatus and the test specimens should be appropriate to the shape and the material type, since the method applies to a wide variety of materials and sizes.  
5.3 Precise determination of shear modulus depends on the numerous variables that may affect such determinations.  
5.3.1 These factors include characteristics of the specimen such as residual stress, concentricity, wall thickness in the case of tubes, deviation from nominal value, previous strain history, and specimen dimension.  
5.3.2 Testing conditions that influence the results include axial position of the specimen, temperature and temperature variations, and maintenance of the apparatus.  
5.3.3 Interpretation of data also influences results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of shear modulus of structural materials. This test method is limited to materials in which, and to stresses at which, creep is negligible compared to the strain produced immediately upon loading. Elastic properties such as shear modulus, Young's modulus, and Poisson's ratio are not determined routinely and are generally not specified in materials specifications.  
1.2 For materials that follow nonlinear elastic stress-strain behavior, the value of tangent or chord shear modulus is useful for estimating the change in torsional strain to corresponding stress for a specified stress or stress-range, respectively. Such determinations are, however, outside the scope of this standard. (See for example Ref (1).)2  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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