ASTM E6-07b

Standard Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers the principal terms relating to methods of mechanical testing of solids. The general definitions are restricted and interpreted, when necessary, to make them particularly applicable and practicable for use in standards requiring or relating to mechanical tests. These definitions are published to encourage uniformity of terminology in product specifications.
1.2 Terms relating to fatigue and fracture testing are defined in Terminology E 1823.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2007
• ICS: 01.040.19 - Testing (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 19.060 - Mechanical testing
• Technical Committee: E28 - Mechanical Testing
• Drafting Committee: E28.91 - Terminology

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E6-07a - Standard Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2007
• Replaced By: ASTM E6-08 - Standard Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2008
• Referred By: ASTM G129-21 - Standard Practice for Slow Strain Rate Testing to Evaluate the Susceptibility of Metallic Materials to Environmentally Assisted Cracking
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2007
• Referred By: ASTM C1337-17 - Standard Test Method for Creep and Creep Rupture of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramics Under Tensile Loading at Elevated Temperatures
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2007
• Referred By: ASTM E1856-13(2021) - Standard Guide for Evaluating Computerized Data Acquisition Systems Used to Acquire Data from Universal Testing Machines
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2007
• Referred By: ASTM E132-17 - Standard Test Method for Poisson’s Ratio at Room Temperature
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2007
• Referred By: ASTM C1862-17 - Standard Test Method for the Nominal Joint Strength of End-Plug Joints in Advanced Ceramic Tubes at Ambient and Elevated Temperatures
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2007
• Referred By: ASTM F543-23 - Standard Specification and Test Methods for Metallic Medical Bone Screws
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2007
• Referred By: ASTM D5824-98(2023) - Standard Test Method for Determining Resistance to Delamination of Adhesive Bonds in Overlay-Wood Core Laminates Exposed to Heat and Water
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2007
• Referred By: ASTM C297/C297M-16 - Standard Test Method for Flatwise Tensile Strength of Sandwich Constructions
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2007
• Referred By: ASTM D7332/D7332M-22 - Standard Test Method for Measuring the Fastener Pull-Through Resistance of a <brk/>Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2007
• Referred By: ASTM C67/C67M-23a - Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2007
• Referred By: ASTM D3479/D3479M-19(2023) - Standard Test Method for Tension-Tension Fatigue of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2007
• Referred By: ASTM E1426-14(2019)e1 - Standard Test Method for Determining the X-Ray Elastic Constants for Use in the Measurement of Residual Stress Using X-Ray Diffraction Techniques
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2007
• Referred By: ASTM D7705/D7705M-12(2019) - Standard Test Method for Alkali Resistance of Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Matrix Composite Bars used in Concrete Construction
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2007

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E6–07b
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Methods of Mechanical Testing
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE6;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
bearing stress F
bearing yield strength F
1.1 This terminology covers the principal terms relating to
bend test D
methods of mechanical testing of solids. The general defini-
bending strain see strain
bias, statistical G
tions are restricted and interpreted, when necessary, to make
biaxial stretching D
them particularly applicable and practicable for use in stan-
breaking load B
dards requiring or relating to mechanical tests. These defini-
Brinell hardness number C
Brinell hardness test C
tions are published to encourage uniformity of terminology in
calibration G
product specifications.
calibration factor G
1.2 Termsrelatingtofatigueandfracturetestingaredefined chord modulus see modulus of elasticity
compressive strength B
in Terminology E1823.
compressive stress see stress
compressometer G
2. Referenced Documents
constraint A
2
creep E
2.1 ASTM Standards:
creep recovery E
E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
creep rupture strength E
E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Mate-
creep strength E
deep drawing D
rials [Metric]
deflectometer G
E796 Test Method for Ductility Testing of Metallic Foil
direct verification G
E1823 Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Test-
discontinuous yielding B
discontinuous yielding stress B
ing
ductility A
dynamic mechanical measurement G
3. Index of Terms
eccentricity B
edge distance F
3.1 The definitions of the following terms, which are listed
edge distance ratio F
alphabetically, appear in the indicated sections of 4.1.
elastic calibration device G
elastic constants see modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s
Term Section
accuracy G ratio
elastic force-measurement device G
alignment B
angle of bend D elastic limit A
elastic modulus see modulus of elasticity
angle of twist B
elastic true strain A
angular strain see strain
axial strain see strain elongation B
engineering strain see strain
bearing area F
bearing force F engineering stress see stress
extensometer G
bearing strain F
bearing strength F extensometer system G
fatigue ductility D
fatigue life B
forming limit curve D
forming limit diagram D
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E28 on
fracture ductility A
Mechanical Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E28.91 on
fracture strength A
Terminology except where designated otherwise. A subcommittee designation in
fracture stress see stress
parenthesesfollowingadefinitionindicatesthesubcommitteewithresponsibilityfor free bend D
that definition. force A
gage length G
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2007. Published December 2007. Originally
guided bend D
approved 1923. Last previous edition approved 2007 as E6–07a.
2
hardness C
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
indentation hardness C
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
indirect verification G
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
initial recovery E
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E6–07b
initial strain E uniform elongation B
initial stress E upper yield strength B
Knoop hardness number C verification G
Knoop hardness test C Vickers hardness number C
limiting dome height D Vickers hardness test C
linear (tensile or compressive) strain see strain wrap-around bend D
load A yield point B
lower yield strength B yield point elongation B
macrostrain see strain yield strength B (also see upper yield strength and
malleability see ductility lower yield strength)
mandrel (in bend testing) D Young’s modulus A
zero time E
mechanical hysteresis A
mechanical properties A 4. Terminology
mechanical testing A
4.1 Terms and Definitions:
microstrain see strain
modulus of elasticity A
modulus of rigidity see modulus of elasticity
A. GENERAL DEFINITIONS
modulus of rupture in bending D
modulus of rupture in torsion B
constraint, n—any restriction to the deformation of a body.
necking B
(E28.11)
nominal stress see stress
ductility, n—the ability of a material to deform plastically
normal stress see stress
physical properties see mechanical properties
before fracturing. (E28.02)
pin see mandrel (in bend testing)
plastic true strain A
DISCUSSION—Ductility is usually
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E6–07a Designation:E6–07b
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Methods of Mechanical Testing
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE6;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology covers the principal terms relating to methods of mechanical testing of solids.The general definitions are
restricted and interpreted, when necessary, to make them particularly applicable and practicable for use in standards requiring or
relating to mechanical tests. These definitions are published to encourage uniformity of terminology in product specifications.
1.2 Terms relating to fatigue and fracture testing are defined in Terminology E1823.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials [Metric]
E796 Test Method for Ductility Testing of Metallic Foil
E1823 Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Testing
3. Index of Terms
3.1 The definitions of the following terms, which are listed alphabetically, appear in the indicated sections of 4.1.
Term Section
accuracy G
alignment B
angle of bend D
angle of twist B
angular strain see strain
axial strain see strain
bearing area F
bearing force F
bearing strain F
bearing strength F
bearing stress F
bearing yield strength F
bend test D
bending strain see strain
bias, statistical G
biaxial stretching D
breaking load B
Brinell hardness number C
Brinell hardness test C
calibration G
calibration factor G
chord modulus see modulus of elasticity
compressive strength B
compressive stress see stress
compressometer G
constraint A
creep E
creep recovery E
creep rupture strength E
creep strength E
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E28 on Mechanical Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E28.91 on Terminology
except where designated otherwise. A subcommittee designation in parentheses following a definition indicates the subcommittee with responsibility for that definition.
Current edition approved JuneNov. 1, 2007. Published JuneDecember 2007. Originally approved 1923. Last previous edition approved 2007 as E6–07a.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail] Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E6–07b
deep drawing D
deflectometer G
direct verification G
discontinuous yielding B
discontinuous yielding stress B
ductility A
dynamic mechanical measurement G
eccentricity B
edge distance F
edge distance ratio F
elastic calibration device G
elastic constants see modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s
ratio
elastic force-measurement device G
elastic limit A
elastic modulus see modulus of elasticity
elastic true strain A
elongation B
engineering strain see strain
engineering stress see stress
extensometer G
extensometer system G
fatigue ductility D
fatigue life B
forming limit curve D
forming limit diagram D
fracture ductility A
fracture strength A
fracture stress see stress
free bend D
force A
gage length G
guided bend D
hardness C
indentation hardness C
indirect verification G
initial recovery E
initial strain E
initial stress E
Knoop hardness number C
Knoop hardness test C
limiting dome height D
linear (tensile or compressive) strain see strain
load A
lower yield strength B
macrostrain see strain
malleability see ductility
mandrel (in bend testing) D
mechanical hysteresis A
mechanical properties A
mechanical testing A
microstrain see strain
modulus of elasticity A
modulus of rigidity see modulus of elasticity
modulus of rupture in bending D
modulus of rupture in torsion B
necking B
nominal stress see stress
normal stress see stress
physical properties see mechanical properties
pin see mandrel (in bend testing)
plastic true strain A
plunger see mandrel (in bend testing)
precision G
primary force standard G
principal stress see stress
Poisson’s ratio A
proportional limit A
radius of bend D
rate of creep E
reduction of area B
relaxation rate E
relaxed stress E
r
...