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ASTM A727/A727M-10

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Components with Inherent Notch Toughness

Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Components with Inherent Notch Toughness

ABSTRACT
This specification covers forged carbon steel piping components intended primarily for service in pressure piping systems from a specific temperature range where inherent notch toughness is desired, but where notch toughness testing is not required. Included are forged or ring-rolled flanges, forged fittings, and valves made to specified dimensions. The steel shall be made by one or more of the following processes: open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace, and shall be fully killed, fine-grain practice. Following plastic working, the forgings shall be heat treated by normalizing, or normalizing and tempering, or quenching and tempering. The forgings shall be subjected to tension, hardness, and hydrostatic tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers forged carbon steel piping components intended primarily for service in pressure piping systems from −20 to +650 °F [−30 to +345 °C] where inherent notch toughness is desired, but where notch toughness testing is not required. Included are forged or ring-rolled flanges, forged fittings, and valves made to specified dimensions, or to dimensional standards such as the ASME and API specifications referenced in Section 2.  
1.2 This specification is limited to forgings with maximum finished section thicknesses no larger than 2 in. [51 mm].  
1.3 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to determine whether material meeting the requirements of this specification is satisfactory for the service application.  
1.4 Supplementary requirements are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in the order.
Note 1—There are no provisions for impact testing in this specification. When impact testing is required, refer to Specification A350/A350M.  
1.5 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.  
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2010
ICS
77.140.85 - Iron and steel forgings
Technical Committee
A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
Drafting Committee
A01.22 - Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM A727/A727M-09 - Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Components with Inherent Notch Toughness
Effective Date
01-Nov-2010
Replaced By
ASTM A727/A727M-11 - Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Components with Inherent Notch Toughness
Effective Date
01-Oct-2011
Referred By
ASTM A961/A961M-23 - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Steel Flanges, Forged Fittings, Valves, and Parts for Piping Applications
Effective Date
01-Nov-2010

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A727/A727M – 10
Standard Specification for
Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Components with Inherent
1
Notch Toughness
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA727/A727M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This specification covers forged carbon steel piping 2.1 In addition to those reference documents listed in
components intended primarily for service in pressure piping Specification A961/A961M, the following list of standards
systems from −20 to +650 °F [−30 to +345 °C] where inherent apply to this specification.
3
notch toughness is desired, but where notch toughness testing 2.2 ASTM Standards:
is not required. Included are forged or ring-rolled flanges, A350/A350M Specification for Carbon and Low-Alloy
forged fittings, and valves made to specified dimensions, or to Steel Forgings, Requiring Notch Toughness Testing for
dimensional standards such as the ASME and API specifica- Piping Components
tions referenced in Section 2. A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
1.2 This specification is limited to forgings with maximum of Steel Products
finished section thicknesses no larger than 2 in. [51 mm]. A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re-
1.3 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to deter- quirements
mine whether material meeting the requirements of this speci- A961/A961M Specification for Common Requirements for
fication is satisfactory for the service application. SteelFlanges,ForgedFittings,Valves,andPartsforPiping
1.4 Supplementary requirements are provided for use when Applications
additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply E59 Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination
4
only when specified by the purchaser in the order. of Chemical Composition
5
2.3 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Codes:
NOTE 1—There are no provisions for impact testing in this specifica-
Section II, Material Specifications, Part C
tion.Whenimpacttestingisrequired,refertoSpecificationA350/A350M.
SFA5.5 Low-Alloy Steel Covered Arc-Welding Electrodes
1.5 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units
B16.5 Steel Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the
B16.10 Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions of Fer-
applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the mate-
rous Valves
rial shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
B 16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Threaded
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
B16.30 Unfired Pressure Vessel Flange Dimensions
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
6
2.4 API Standards:
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
600 Steel Gate Valves with Flanged or Butt-Welding Ends
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
602 Compact Design Carbon Steel Gate Valves for Refin-
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
ery Use
standard.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel, Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee the ASTM website.
4
A01.22onSteelForgingsandWroughtFittingsforPipingApplicationsandBolting Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications. on www.astm.org.
5
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2010. Published December 2010. Originally Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as A727/ International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
A727M–02(2007). DOI: 10.1520/A0727_A0727M-10. www.asme.org.
2 6
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- Available from American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW, Wash-
cation SA-727 in Section II of that Code. ington, DC 20005-4070, http://api-ec.api.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A727/A727M – 10
605 Large Diameter Carbon Steel Flanges 6. Chemical Compositio
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:A727/A727M–09 Designation: A727/A727M – 10
Standard Specification for
Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Components with Inherent
1
Notch Toughness
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA727/A727M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 This specification covers forged carbon steel piping components intended primarily for service in pressure piping systems
from−20to+650°F[−30to+345°C]whereinherentnotchtoughnessisdesired,butwherenotchtoughnesstestingisnotrequired.
Included are forged or ring-rolled flanges, forged fittings, and valves made to specified dimensions, or to dimensional standards
such as the ASME and API specifications referenced in Section 2.
1.2 This specification is limited to forgings with maximum finished section thicknesses no larger than 2 in. [51 mm].
1.3 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to determine whether material meeting the requirements of this specification
is satisfactory for the service application.
1.4 Supplementary requirements are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply only
when specified by the purchaser in the order.
NOTE 1—There are no provisions for impact testing in this specification. When impact testing is required, refer to Specification A350/A350M.
1.5 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable
“M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.6 ThevaluesstatedineitherSIunitsorinch-poundunitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasstandard.Withinthetext,theSIunits
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 In addition to those reference documents listed in SpecificationA961/A961M, the following list of standards apply to this
specification.
3
2.2 ASTM Standards:
A350/A350M Specification for Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Forgings, Requiring Notch Toughness Testing for Piping
Components
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements
A961/A961M Specification for Common Requirements for Steel Flanges, Forged Fittings, Valves, and Parts for Piping
Applications Specification for Common Requirements for Steel Flanges, Forged Fittings, Valves, and Parts for Piping
Applications
4
E59 Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination of Chemical Composition
2.3 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Codes:
Section II Material Specifications, Part CMaterial Specifications, Part C
Section IXWelding and Brazing Qualifications
5
SFA 5.5Low-Alloy Steel Covered Arc-Welding Electrodes
Section II, Material Specifications, Part C
1
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeA01onSteel,StainlessSteelandRelatedAlloysandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA01.22
on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.
Current edition approved Oct.Nov. 1, 2009.2010. Published November 2009.December 2010. Originally approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as
A727/A727M–02(2007). DOI: 10.1520/A0727_A0727M-109.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-727 in Section II of that Code.
3
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
4
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
5
Available from American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW, Washington, DC 20005-4070, http://api-ec.api.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------
...

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ABSTRACT
This practice covers the examination procedures for the contact, pulse-echo ultrasonic examination of heavy steel forgings by the straight and angle-beam techniques. An ultrasonic, pulsed, reflection type of instrument shall be used and shall provide linear presentation for at least 75% of the screen height. The 5% linearity referred to is descriptive of the screen presentation of amplitude. The electronic apparatus shall contain an attenuator, search units, transducers, couplants, reference blocks, and DGS scales. The forging shall be machined to provide cylindrical surfaces for radial examination in the case of round forgings. The ends of the forgings shall be machined perpendicular to the axis of the forging for the axial examination. Faces of disk and rectangular forgings shall be machined flat and parallel to one another. The procedures to be performed are as follows: ultrasonic examination of the forgings; straight-beam examination with establishment of the instrument sensitivity and calibration either by the reflection, reference-block technique, or DGS method; and angle-beam examination used for rings and hollow forgings.
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Steel Forgings, Microalloy, for General Industrial Use  
A965/A965M  
Steel Forgings, Austenitic, for Pressure and High Temperature Parts  
A982/A982M  
Steel Forgings, Stainless, for Compressor and Turbine Airfoils  
A983/A983M  
Continuous Grain Flow Forged Carbon and Alloy Steel Crankshafts for Medium Speed Diesel Engines  
A986/A986M  
Magnetic Particle Examination of Cont...

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ASTM
ASTM A181/A181M-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings, for General-Purpose Piping

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the carbon steel forgings used for general-purpose piping. Two classes of material are covered, Classes 60 and 70, and classified according to their mechanical properties. Except for flanges of all types, up to and including NPS 4 may be machined from hot-rolled or forged bar. Elbows, return bends, tees, and header tees shall not be machined directly from bar stock. Forgings shall be protected against sudden or too rapid cooling from the rolling or forging while passing through critical range. Heat treatment is neither required nor prohibited, but when applied, it shall consist of tempering, annealing, normalizing, or normalizing and tempering. Heat analysis shall be made to determine the percentage of the following elements: carbon, manganese, phosphorus, silicon, and sulfur. The mechanical properties of the material shall conform to the required tensile properties: tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and reduction of area.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers nonstandard as-forged fittings, valve components, and parts for general service. Forgings made to this specification are limited to a maximum weight of 10 000 lb [4540 kg]. Larger forgings may be ordered to Specification A266/A266M.  
1.2 Two classes of material are covered, designated as Classes 60 and 70, respectively, and are classified in accordance with their mechanical properties as specified in 6.1.  
1.3 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.  
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM A705/A705M-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Forgings

ABSTRACT
This specification covers age-hardening stainless steel forgings for general use. Materials for forgings shall consist of billets or bars and shall either be forged, rolled, or cast or a section cut from an ingot. The steel specimens shall be solution annealed and age hardened and shall conform to the required values of tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, reduction of area, hardness and impact Charpy-V. The steel materials shall conform to the required chemical compositions of carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, chromium, nickel, aluminum, molybdenum, titanium, copper, nitrogen, columbium, and tantalum.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers age-hardening stainless steel forgings for general use.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.3 Unless the order specifies an “M” designation, the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.  
Note 1: Bar products are covered by Specification A564/A564M.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM A638/A638M-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock for High-Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers hot-finished or cold-finished precipitation hardening iron base superalloy bars, forgings, and forging stock for high-temperature service. The mechanical properties of these alloys are developed by suitable solution treating and precipitation hardening treatments. Two grades of iron base alloy are covered; Grade 660 and Grade 662 (bars and forgings). The material shall meet the requirements as to stress rupture properties specified. The material shall conform to the chemical, mechanical, and metallurgical properties requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers hot-finished or cold-finished precipitation hardening iron base superalloy bars, forgings, and forging stock for high-temperature service. The mechanical properties of these alloys are developed by suitable solution treating and precipitation hardening treatments.  
1.2 Two grades of iron base alloy are covered. Selection will depend upon design, service conditions, mechanical properties, and elevated temperature characteristics.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.4 Unless the order specifies an “M” designation, the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM A668/A668M-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for General Industrial Use

ABSTRACT
This specification deals with the standard requirements for untreated and heat-treated carbon and alloy steel forgings for general industrial use. This specification covers six classes of carbon steels (Class A to F) and seven classes of alloy steels (Class G, H, and J to N). Materials shall be forged by hot mechanical work. Except for Class A, all forgings shall be heat treated, depending on class, by the following techniques: annealed, or normalized, or normalized and tempered (Classes B, C, D, and G); normalized and tempered, or double-normalized and tempered (Class E); quenched and tempered, or normalized, quenched, and tempered (Classes F); normalized and tempered (Class H); normalized and tempered, or normalized, quenched, and tempered (Class J); and normalized, quenched, and tempered (Classes K, L, M, and N). Steel specimens shall undergo heat and product analyses, and shall conform to required chemical compositions for manganese, phosphorus, and sulfur. Steel forgings shall also be tested on their conformance to the following tensile requirements: tensile strength, yield point, yield strength, elongation, reduction of area, and Brinell hardness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers untreated and heat-treated carbon and alloy steel forgings for general industrial use. Other ASTM specifications for forgings are available for specific applications such as pressure vessels, railroad use, turbine generators, gearing, and others involving special temperature requirements.  
1.2 Hot-rolled or cold finished bars are not within the scope of this specification.  
1.3 Six classes of carbon steel and seven classes of alloy steel forgings are listed (see Section 7), which indicate their required heat treatments, as well as mechanical properties.  
1.4 Provision, with the suffix H for certification and marking, for the supply of forgings after hardness testing only.  
1.5 Supplementary requirements, including those in Specification A788/A788M, of an optional nature are provided. These shall apply only when specified by the purchaser.  
1.6 Appendix X1 lists the current classes corresponding to the various classes of Specifications A235, A237, and A243, which have been superseded by this specification.  
1.7 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard; within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.8 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification, the forgings shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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