ASTM F494-05(2022)

Standard Test Methods for Evaluating Primary Disposable Bag Integrity for Vacuum Cleaners

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 These test methods are useful for routine control, design of end-use products, and acceptance testing for conformance to specifications. Good workmanship, seams, and joints that remain strong over a wide range of atmospheric conditions and have the ability to withstand repeated cycles are necessary for satisfactory end use to the consumer.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the evaluation of the integrity of the primary disposable bag used for vacuum cleaners.  
1.2 The intent of these test methods is to verify that the design of the primary disposable bag will perform satisfactorily for the consumer in a wide range of normal use conditions. The filtering capability of the disposable bag is not evaluated with the use of these test methods.  
1.3 The following tests are included:    
Section  
Installation and Removal  
3  
Workmanship  
4  
Durability  
5  
Seams and Joints  
6  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Jul-2022
• ICS: 97.080 - Cleaning appliances
• Technical Committee: F11 - Vacuum Cleaners
• Drafting Committee: F11.23 - Filtration

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F494 − 05 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Test Methods for
Evaluating Primary Disposable Bag Integrity for Vacuum
Cleaners
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF494;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope TEST METHODS
1.1 These test methods cover the evaluation of the integrity
3. Installation and Removal
of the primary disposable bag used for vacuum cleaners.
3.1 Scope—These test methods provide guidelines for the
1.2 The intent of these test methods is to verify that the
installation and removal of the primary disposable bag.
designoftheprimarydisposablebagwillperformsatisfactorily
fortheconsumerinawiderangeofnormaluseconditions.The
3.2 Apparatus—The vacuum cleaner model for which the
filtering capability of the disposable bag is not evaluated with primary disposable bag is intended.
the use of these test methods.
3.3 Test Specimens—Test specimens shall be representative
1.3 The following tests are included: of the primary disposable bag system being tested.
Section
3.4 Procedure—The primary disposable bag shall be in-
Installation and Removal 3
stalled in accordance with the instructions of the vacuum
Workmanship 4
Durability 5 cleaner manufacturer.
Seams and Joints 6
3.4.1 Construction of the primary disposable bag shall be
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
suchthatnoholesortearswillbemadewhenitispreparedfor
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for installation.
information only.
3.4.2 When installed or removed, in accordance with
instructions, the primary disposable bag shall not be damaged
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
or its function impaired.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.5 Report—The report shall include any problems encoun-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
teredduringinstallationandremovaloftheprimarydisposable
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
bag.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4. Workmanship
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.1 Scope—Thistestmethodprovidesameansofevaluating
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
workmanship of the primary disposable bag.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.2 Test Specimens—Test specimens shall be representative
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
of the primary disposable bag system being tested.
2. Significance and Use
4.3 Procedure—Inspect primary disposable bag for confor-
2.1 Thesetestmethodsareusefulforroutinecontrol,design
mance to the following:
ofend-useproducts,andacceptancetestingforconformanceto
4.3.1 Complete sealing or fastening of all seams, tucks,
specifications. Good workmanship, seams, and joints that
joints, and attachments,
remainstrongoverawiderangeofatmosphericconditionsand
4.3.2 No tears, rips, holes, or other manufacturing type
have the ability to withstand repeated cycles are necessary for
faults,
satisfactory end use to the consumer.
4.3.3 Printed instructions, when they appear, shall be clear
and legible,
4.3.4 Dimensionsshallagreewithdrawingspecifications,or
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F11 on
Vacuum Cleaners and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F11.23 on
the primary disposable bag as defined by the vacuum cleaner
Filtration.
manufacturer, and
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2022. Published August 2022. Originally
4.3.5 If adhesives are used for seams and joints, there shall
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as F494–05 (2016).
DOI: 10.1520/F0494-05R22. be no bleed through to adjacent plys or misplacements.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F494 − 05 (2022)
A, B
TABLE 1 Analysis of Coarse Grade Air Cleaner F11 Test Dust
4.4 Report—The report shall include any defects in work-
Particle Size Distribution by Volume
manship noted in the inspection in 4.3.
Size, µm Coarse Grade
5. Durability (% less than)
5.5 13±3
5.1 Scope—The durability of the primary disposable bag is
11 24±3
determined by a life test within the vacuum cleaner for which
22 37 ± 3
the bag is intended. 44 56 ± 3
88 84 ± 3
5.2 Apparatus:
176 100
5.2.1 Vacuum Cleaner. A
The information in Table 1 is contained in “Air Cleaner Test Code,”SAETechnical
Report J726b.
5.2.2 Conditioning Chamber or Cabinet, in which speci-
B
The sole source of supply of the test dust known to the committee at this time is
mens may individually be exposed to circulating air and
Powder Technology, Inc., 1119 Riverwood Drive, Burnsville, MN 55337. If you are
conditioning relative humidity and temperature within the
aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM Interna-
tional Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a
limits specified in 5.5.
meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
5.2.3 Temperature-Measuring Equipment, accurate to
within 61°F(60.5°C).
5.2.4 Humidity-Measuring Equipment, accurate to within
5.6.3 Prepare 0.0023 oz of coarse grade air cleaner test dust
62% relative humidity.
per square inch of primary disposable bag area (0.010 g/cm ).
5.2.5 Solenoid, to control the movement of a spring-loaded
5.6.4 Close vacuum bleed control and seal all openings
plate.
normally closed off with operation of tools.
5.2.6 Timer, to control the activation of the solenoid on the
5.6.5 Install the primary disposable bag in the intended
basis of time.
manner in the vacuum cleaner for which it was designed.
5.2.7 Plate, to seal the intake of the test cleaner. This plate,
Energize the cleaner and adjust the voltage regulator to rated
connected directly to the solenoid shaft, must open sufficiently
voltage 61V.
soasnottorestrictairflowandmustopenandclosetheintake
5.6.5.1 Operate the cleaner at the maximum speed setting
within 0.1 s. Motion of the plate must not be a sliding action.
provided for the carpet cleaning mode.
5.2.7.1 Canister Cleaners—The plate seals the nozzle end
5.6.6 Feed the amount of test dust specified in 5.6.3 at the
of the hose normally supplied with the vacuum cleaner. The
rate of 0.7oz 6 0.07 oz (20g 6 2 g)/min into the intake port.
hose is attached to the vacuum cleaner in the normal manner
5.6.7 After loading and with the cleaner operating at rated
with no attempts to seal leaks.
voltage, subject the cleaner to a test of 7.5 s open and 7.5 s
5.2.7.2 Upright Cleaners—The plate seals a 1.75-in. 6
closed for a period of 12 h.
0.02-in. (44.5-mm 6 0.5-mm) diameter hole located in an
5.6.7.1 For the canister cleaner, alternately open and close
adapter cover. The adapter cover closes off the nozzle intake
the nozzle end of the hose with the plate described in 5.2.7,
opening of the cleaner without interfering with the rotating
while the cleaner remains running. For an upright cleaner,
agitator.
alternately open and close the intake hole as described in
5.2.8 Voltage Regulator—The regulator shall be capable of
5.2.7.2, while the cleaner remains running.
maintaining 120V 6 1 V rms 60 Hz with a wave form that is
essentially sinusoidal with 3% maximum harmonic distortion
5.7 Report—The report shall include any failure of the
for the duration of the test.
primary disposable bag.
5.2.9 Voltmeter, to measure input to the cleaner and provide
5.7.1 Any rupture of the primary disposable bag material or
measurements accurate to within 61%.
separation of seams, tucks, joints, or attachments shall consti-
tute a failure. Pinhole leaks are not considered to be ruptures.
5.3 Test Specimens—Test specimens shall be representative
of the primary disposable bag being tested.
6. Seams and Joints
5.4 Material—Coarse grade air cleaner test dust.
6.1 Scope—The evaluation of seams, tucks, joints, and
NOTE 1—The particle size distribution by volume of the test dust is
attachments used to fabricate the primary disposable bag is
given in Table 1.
accomplished by means of temperature and humidity cycling
5.5 Conditioning— Allow test specimens to age at ambient followed by visual inspection and durability tests.
conditionsof68°Fto81°F(20°Cto27°C)and45%to55%
6.2 Apparatus:
relative humidity for a minimum of 24 h before starting tests.
6.2.1 Conditioning Chamber or Cabinet, in which speci-
5.6 Procedure: mens may individually be exposed to circulating air and
5.6.1 Performalltestsonthevacuumcleanerinacontrolled conditioning relative humidity and temperature within the
ambient with a dry-bulb temperature of 68°F to 81°F (20°C limits specified in 6.4.
to 27°C) and 30% to 55% relative humidity. 6.2.2 Oven, with forced ventilation, that will maintain
5.6.2 Measure and calculate the total primary disposable 156°F 6 2°F (68.9°C 6 1.1°C) at the test conditions where
bag area excluding seams, joints, treated seal area, mounting the specimens are located and shielded from direct radiation
means, and multiple thickness of media. Measure multiple from the heating element.
thicknesses that are intended for a specific filtering purpose as 6.2.3 Cold Box, that will maintain specimens at−20°F 6
a single ply. 2°F (−28.9°C 6 1.1°C) at the test conditions.
F494 − 05 (2022)
6.2.4 Temperature-Measuring Equipment, accurate to Section 5. For this test, the operating period in 5.6.7 shall be
within 61°F(60.5°C). 5min instead of 12 h.
6.5.3 Humidity Test Cycle:
6.2.5 Humidity-Measuring Equipment, accurate to within
6.5.3.1 Place test specimens in the conditioning chamber at
62% relative humidity.
89.6°F 6 3.6°F (32°C 6 2°C) and 86% to 90% relative
6.3 Test Specimens—Test specimens shall be representative
humidity for 24 h.
of the primary disposable bag being tested. Use fresh samples
6.5.3.2 After removing the test specimens from the condi-
for each of the tests in 6.5.1 and 6.5.2, and 6.5.3.
tioning chamber, condition them for 4 h minimum at 68°F to
6.4 Conditioning—Age all test specimens at least 24 h at
81°F (20°C to 27°C) and 30% to 55% relative humidity.
ambient conditions of 68°F to 81°F (20°C to 27°C) and
6.5.3.3 Repeat the cycle (6.5.3.1 and 6.5.3.2) three times.
30% to 55% relative humidity to prepare them for the hot,
6.5.3.4 Examine the specimens visually for any obvious
cold, and humidity test cycles.
bond failures. If there is no obvious failure, subject each of the
6.4.1 Simultaneously condition specimens for the hot, cold, test specimens to a durability evaluation similar to that in
and humidity test cycles.
Section 5. For this test, the operating period in 5.6.7 shall be
5min instead of 12 h.
6.5 Procedure:
6.6 Report—The report for each of the tests in 6.5 shall
6.5.1 Hot Test Cycle:
include any failure of the primary disposable bag.
6.5.1.1 Placethetestspecimensinanovenat156°F 62°F
6.6.1 Any rupture of the primary disposable bag material or
(68.9°C 6 1.1°C) for 4 weeks.
separation of seams, tucks, joints, or attachments shall consti-
6.5.1.2 Allow test specimens to condition at ambient con-
tute a failure. Pinhole leaks are not considered to be ruptures.
ditions of 68°F to 81°F (20°C to 27°C) and 30% to 55%
relative humidity for 30 min minimum after removal from
7. Sampling
oven.
7.1 A sample of sufficient size for each primary disposable
6.5.1.3 Examine the specimens visually for any obvious
bag shall be tested until a 90% confidence interval for the true
failure and subject each of the test specimens to a durability
percent defective is established.
evaluation similar to that in Section 5. For this test, the
7.2 The minimum number of tests required is defined to be
operating period in 5.6.7 shall be 5 min instead of 12 h.
that number which will give a 90% confidence interval for the
6.5.2 Cold Test Cycle:
truepercentdefectivethatislessthan0.20inwidth(seeAnnex
6.5.2.1 Placetestspecimensinacoldboxfor24hat−20°F
A1).
6 2°F (−28.9°C 6 1.1°C).
6.5.2.2 Condition at ambient conditions of 68°F to 81°F
8. Precision and Bias
(20°C to 27°C) and 30% to 55% relative humidity for
8.1 Precision and bias do not apply for this test method
30min minimum after removal from cold box.
since this is a procedure for a test that is conducted to a
6.5.2.3 Repeat the cycle (6.5.2.1 and 6.5.2.2) three times.
specified end point.
6.5.2.4 Examine the specimens visually for any obvious
9. Keywords
bond failures. If there is no obvious failure, subject each of the
test specimens to a durability evaluation similar to that in 9.1 vacuum cleaner disposable bag integrity
ANNEX
(Mandatory Information)
A1. DETERMINATION OF 90 % CONFIDENCE INTERVAL (PROPORTION)
A1.1 The most common and ordinarily the best single A1.2 Glossary of Additional Terms:
estimate (p) of the true proportion (or percentage) (P) of items
α = probability of being wrong,
thathaveagivenqualitycharacteristicissimplythenumberof
1−α = probability of being correct,
items (r) that possess this characteristic divided by the total
P = upper limit of the confidence interval for P,
u
number of items (n).
P = lower limit of the confidence interval for P, and
l
A = chosen limit for the width of the confidence interval
p 5 r/n (A1.1)
(in accordance with 7.2, A=0.20).
When a sample is taken from a population, the sample
proportion that possesses the characteristic will seldom be
A1.3 The following procedure gives an interval which is
exactlythesameproportionasthepopulation.Itishopedtobe
expected to bracket (P), the true proportion, 100 (1−α)%of
fairly close so that a statement of the confidence interval will
the time:
bracket the true proportion.
F494 − 05 (2022)
A1.3.1 Choose the desired confidence level, 1−α. A1.4.1 Repeat the test n times to establish a minimum
sample size.
A1.3.2 Compute p= r/n.
A1.4.2 Compute p for the sample.
A1.3.3 If n w- 30, use Table A1.1.
α
A1.3.4 If n > 30, look up Z= Z − ⁄2 in Table A1.2 and
A1.4.3 If n≤30,useTableA1.1tofindvalues.Forexample,
compute:
if n=20and r=6,atthe90%confidencelevel, P =0.141and
l
p 1 2 p P =0.500.
~ !
u
P 5 p1Z (A1.2)
u
n
A1.4.4 If n > 30, Z =1.645 from Table A1.2. Compute:
0.95
P 5 Z =p 1 2 p /n (A1.3)
~ !
p 1 2 p
~ ! u 0.95
P 5 p 2 ZŒ
l
n
P 5 Z =p ~1 2 p!/n
1 0.95
The interval from P to P is a 100(1−α) % confidence
l u
For example
...