ASTM D4037-02(2019)

Standard Performance Specification for Woven, Knitted, or Flocked Bedspread Fabrics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Fabrics intended for this end-use should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1.  
4.2 It should be recognized that fabrics can be produced with an almost infinite number of construction variables (for example, type of fibers, percentage of fibers, yarn twist, yarn number, warp and pick count, chemical and mechanical finishes). Additionally, fashion or aesthetics dictate that the ultimate consumer may find acceptable articles made from fabrics that do not conform to all of the requirements in Table 1.  
4.2.1 Hence, no single performance specification can possibly apply to all the various fabrics that could be utilized for this end-use.  
4.3 The uses and significance of particular properties and test methods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the specified test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This performance specification covers the performance requirements for woven, knitted, or flocked fabrics to be used in the manufacturing of bedspreads.  
1.2 These requirements apply to the length and width directions for those properties where fabric direction is pertinent.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Apr-2019
• ICS: 59.080.30 - Textile fabrics
• ICS: 97.160 - Home textiles. Linen
• Technical Committee: D13 - Textiles
• Drafting Committee: D13.63 - Home Furnishings

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4037-02(2013) - Standard Performance Specification for Woven, Knitted, or Flocked Bedspread Fabrics
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2019
• Refers: ASTM D2261-13(2024) - Standard Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by the Tongue (Single Rip) Procedure (Constant-Rate-of-Extension Tensile Testing Machine)
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2024
• Refers: ASTM D3787-16(2020) - Standard Test Method for Bursting Strength of Textiles—Constant-Rate-of-Traverse (CRT) Ball Burst Test
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2020
• Refers: ASTM D2261-13(2017)e1 - Standard Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by the Tongue (Single Rip) Procedure (Constant-Rate-of-Extension Tensile Testing Machine)
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2017
• Refers: ASTM D2261-13(2017) - Standard Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by the Tongue (Single Rip) Procedure (Constant-Rate-of-Extension Tensile Testing Machine)
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2017
• Refers: ASTM D123-17 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2017
• Refers: ASTM D3787-16 - Standard Test Method for Bursting Strength of Textiles—Constant-Rate-of-Traverse (CRT) Ball Burst Test
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2016
• Refers: ASTM D123-15b - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 15-Sep-2015
• Refers: ASTM D123-15a - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2015
• Refers: ASTM D3787-15 - Standard Test Method for Bursting Strength of Textiles—Constant-Rate-of-Traverse (CRT) Ball Burst Test
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2015
• Refers: ASTM D2724-07(2015) - Standard Test Methods for Bonded, Fused, and Laminated Apparel Fabrics
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2015
• Refers: ASTM D123-15 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2015
• Refers: ASTM D1424-09(2013) - Standard Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by Falling-Pendulum (Elmendorf-Type) Apparatus
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2013
• Refers: ASTM D1424-09(2013)e1 - Standard Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by Falling-Pendulum (Elmendorf-Type) Apparatus
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2013
• Refers: ASTM D123-13ae1 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2013

Overview

ASTM D4037-02(2019), titled Standard Performance Specification for Woven, Knitted, or Flocked Bedspread Fabrics, is an international standard developed by ASTM International. This standard establishes key performance requirements for fabrics intended for use in the manufacturing of bedspreads, including woven, knitted, and flocked fabric types. It is applicable in both length and width directions for properties where fabric orientation is important. The standard is designed to ensure product durability, colorfastness, appearance retention, and overall performance, helping manufacturers, buyers, and quality assurance professionals evaluate bedspread fabrics for consumer use.

Key Topics

• Fabric Performance Requirements: The standard outlines minimum thresholds for breaking strength, bursting strength, tear strength, dimensional stability, durable press appearance, retention of character, coating durability, colorfastness, and flammability.
• Material Versatility: Recognizing the wide range of textile constructions, the standard addresses that no single specification can encompass every fabric variable, but provides a consistent basis for evaluating quality.
• Test Methods: Several ASTM and AATCC test methods are referenced for evaluating fabric properties, such as ASTM D5034 for breaking strength or AATCC TM61 for colorfastness to laundering.
• Direction-specific Testing: Performance criteria apply to both the length and width directions, ensuring comprehensive assessment.
• Consumer Expectations: The standard acknowledges that consumer preferences and fabric aesthetics may justify acceptance of articles that do not strictly conform to each requirement.

Applications

ASTM D4037-02(2019) is widely applicable throughout the home textiles industry, particularly for:

• Manufacturers: Specifying fabric requirements for bedspread products, ensuring consistent quality, and meeting performance expectations for the end-use.
• Quality Assurance: Conducting laboratory and production floor testing to verify compliance with breaking strength, tear resistance, and colorfastness criteria.
• Procurement: Assisting buyers and retailers in setting objective specifications when sourcing woven, knitted, or flocked bedspread fabrics.
• Product Development: Supporting design teams in selecting suitable textile constructions and finishes that meet performance benchmarks.
• Consumer Safety and Satisfaction: Addressing flammability and durability to enhance safety and long-term usability of bedspread products.

Related Standards

To fully assess bedspread fabric performance, users should consult additional referenced standards, including:

• ASTM D123 - Terminology Relating to Textiles
• ASTM D2261 - Tearing Strength of Fabrics by the Tongue (Single Rip) Procedure
• ASTM D5034 - Breaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
• AATCC TM8 - Colorfastness to Crocking: Crockmeter Method
• AATCC TM61 - Colorfastness to Laundering
• AATCC TM135 - Dimensional Changes of Fabrics After Home Laundering
• AATCC TM132 - Colorfastness to Drycleaning
• AATCC TM16.3 - Colorfastness to Light: Xenon Arc

For the latest requirements and details, always consult the current edition of each referenced standard.

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Keywords: ASTM D4037, bedspread fabrics, woven fabric, knitted fabric, flocked fabric, textile performance, colorfastness, flammability, textile standards, home furnishings quality, durability, standard specification.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D4037 −02 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Performance Specification for
Woven, Knitted, or Flocked Bedspread Fabrics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4037; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D5034 TestMethodforBreakingStrengthandElongationof
Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
1.1 This performance specification covers the performance
2.2 AATCC Standards:
requirements for woven, knitted, or flocked fabrics to be used
TM8 Colorfastness to Crocking: Crockmeter Method
in the manufacturing of bedspreads.
TM16.3 Colorfastness to Light: Xenon Arc
1.2 These requirements apply to the length and width
TM 23 Colorfastness to Burnt Gas Fumes
directions for those properties where fabric direction is perti-
TM61 Colorfastness to Laundering: Accelerated
nent.
TM96 Dimensional Changes in Commercial Laundering of
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Woven and Knitted Fabrics Except Wool
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the TM116 Colorfastness to Crocking: Rotary Vertical Crock-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
meter Method
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- TM124 Smoothness Appearance of Fabrics After Home
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Laundering
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- TM132 Colorfastness to Drycleaning
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
TM135 Dimensional Changes of Fabrics after Home Laun-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the dering
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
TM172 Colorfastness to Powdered Non-Chlorine Bleach in
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Home Laundering
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
TM188 Colorfastness to Sodium Hypochlorite Bleach in
Home Laundering
2. Referenced Documents
EP1 Gray Scale for Color Change
EP2 Gray Scale for Staining
2.1 ASTM Standards:
EP8 AATCC 9-Step Chromatic Transference Scale
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D1424 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by
NOTE 1—References to standards in this specification give only the
Falling-Pendulum (Elmendorf-Type) Apparatus permanent part of the designation of ASTM, AATCC, or other standards.
The current editions of each standard cited shall prevail.
D2261 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by the
Tongue (Single Rip) Procedure (Constant-Rate-of-
3. Terminology
Extension Tensile Testing Machine)
3.1 Definitions:
D2724 Test Method for Bond Strength of Bonded, Fused,
3.1.1 bedspread—a type of bedcovering that is placed over
and Laminated Apparel Fabrics
the blankets and sheets for appearance and warmth.
D3786 Test Method for Bursting Strength of Textile
3.2 For definitions of textile terms used in this specification,
Fabrics—Diaphragm Bursting Strength Tester Method
refer to the individual ASTM andAATCC test methods and to
D3787 Test Method for Bursting Strength of Textiles—
Terminology D123.
Constant-Rate-of-Traverse (CRT) Ball Burst Test
4. Significance and Use
1 4.1 Fabrics intended for this end-use should meet all of the
This performance specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee
D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.63 on Home
requirements listed in Table 1.
Furnishings.
4.2 It should be recognized that fabrics can be produced
Current edition approved April 15, 2019. Published July 2019. Originally
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D4037 – 02(2013).
with an almost infinite number of construction variables (for
DOI: 10.1520/D4037-02R19.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on (AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, http://
the ASTM website. www.aatcc.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D4037−02 (2019)
TABLE 1 Specification Requirements
NOTE 1—Class for colorfastness and DP rating is based on a numerical scale of 5 for negligible or no color change, color transfer, or wrinkle to 1 for
very severe color change, color transfer, or wrinkle. The numerical rating in Table 1 or a higher numerical rating is acceptable.
Requirements
Characteristic Section
Woven Knit
Breaking strength force (load) 25 lbf (111 N) min . . . 5.1
Bursting strength . . . 35 psi (241 kPa) min 5.2
Tear strength 1.5 lbf (6.7 N) min 5.3
Dimensional change:
Laundering and dry cleaning (each direction): 5.4.1–5.4.2
5.4.2
Tailored type ±3.5 % max ±5.0 % max
Throw type ±5.0 % max ±5.0 % max
5.5.2.1
Fabric appearance (durable press) SA3.5 min SA 3.5 min
Retention of hand, character, and appearance No significant change No significant change 5.6
Durability of back coating No significant changes No significant change 5.7
Colorfastness to:
Laundering: 5.8.1
A A
Shade change Grade 4 min Grade 4 min
B B
Staining Grade 3 min Grade 3 min
Bleaching 5.8.2
A A
Sodium hypochlorite Grade 4 min Grade 4 min
A A
Non-chlorine Grade 4 min Grade 4 min
Drycleaning: 5.8.3
A A
Shade change Grade 4 min Grade 4 min
Burnt gas fumes (2 cycles), Shade change 5.8.4
A A
Original Grade 4 min Grade 4 min
A A
After one laundering or one dry cleaning Grade 4 min Grade 4 min
Crocking: 5.8.5
C C
Dry Grade 4 min Grade 4 min
C C
Wet Grade3min Grade 3 min
A A
Light (20 AFU fading units) Grade 4 min Grade 4 min 5.8.6
Flammability Pass Pass 5.9
A
AATCC Gray Scale for Color Change.
B
AATCC Gray Scale for Staining.
C
AATCC Chromatic Transference Scale.
example, type of fibers, percentage of fibers, yarn twist, yarn tester or as directed in D3787 using an approved constant-rate-
number, warp and pick count, chemical and mechanical fin- of-traverse (CRT) machine equipped with a bursting attach-
ishes). Additionally, fashion or aesthetics dictate that the
ment.
ultimate consumer may find acceptable articles made from
NOTE 3—Care should be taken to subtract the tare diaphragm pressure
fabrics that do not conform to all of the requirements in Table
from the gross pressure to obtain actual bursting strength of fabric when
1.
using the diaphragm bursting tester. Calibrate the equipment according to
4.2.1 Hence, no single performance specification can possi-
the manufacturer’s instruction before using. Since there is no overall
blyapplytoallthevariousfabricsthatcouldbeutilizedforthis correlation betw
...