ASTM B811-13(2022)e1
(Specification)Standard Specification for Wrought Zirconium Alloy Seamless Tubes for Nuclear Reactor Fuel Cladding
Standard Specification for Wrought Zirconium Alloy Seamless Tubes for Nuclear Reactor Fuel Cladding
ABSTRACT
This specification covers seamless wrought zirconium-alloy tubes for nuclear reactor fuel cladding application. Two grades of reactor grade zirconium alloys are described. Tubes covered by this specification shall be made from ingots produced by multiple vacuum arc or electron beam melting in furnaces of a type conventionally used for reactive materials. The tubes shall conform to the requirements for chemical composition prescribed. Recrsytallisation annealed tubes shall conform to the requirements for mechanical properties at room temperature prescribed. The tension test shall be conducted. Yield strength and tension properties shall be determined. Burst testing, when specified, shall be performed at room temperature on finished tubing.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers seamless wrought zirconium-alloy tubes for nuclear fuel cladding application, in the outside diameter (OD) size range of 0.200 in. (5.1 mm) to 0.650 in. (16.5 mm) and wall thickness range of 0.010 in. (0.25 mm) to 0.035 in. (0.89 mm).
1.2 Two grades of reactor grade zirconium alloys are described.
1.2.1 The present UNS numbers designated for the two grades are given in Table 1.
1.3 Unless a single unit is used, for example corrosion mass gain in mg/dm2, the values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore each system must be used independently of the other. SI values cannot be mixed with inch-pound values.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portions of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation:B811 −13 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Specification for
Wrought Zirconium Alloy Seamless Tubes for Nuclear
Reactor Fuel Cladding
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B811; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Editorial changes were made to Table 3 in April 2022.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification covers seamless wrought zirconium-
B350/B350MSpecification for Zirconium and Zirconium
alloy tubes for nuclear fuel cladding application, in the outside
Alloy Ingots for Nuclear Application
diameter (OD) size range of 0.200 in. (5.1 mm) to 0.650 in.
B353Specification for Wrought Zirconium and Zirconium
(16.5 mm) and wall thickness range of 0.010 in. (0.25 mm) to
Alloy Seamless and Welded Tubes for Nuclear Service
0.035 in. (0.89 mm).
(Except Nuclear Fuel Cladding)
1.2 Two grades of reactor grade zirconium alloys are
E8Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
described.
[Metric] E0008_E0008M
1.2.1 The present UNS numbers designated for the two
E8MTestMethodsforTensionTestingofMetallicMaterials
grades are given in Table 1.
[Metric] (Withdrawn 2008)
E21TestMethodsforElevatedTemperatureTensionTestsof
1.3 Unlessasingleunitisused,forexamplecorrosionmass
Metallic Materials
gain in mg/dm , the values stated in either inch-pound or SI
E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values
Determine Conformance with Specifications
stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore each
E112Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
system must be used independently of the other. SI values
G2/G2MTest Method for Corrosion Testing of Products of
cannot be mixed with inch-pound values.
Zirconium, Hafnium, and TheirAlloys in Water at 680°F
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
(360°C) or in Steam at 750°F (400°C)
test method portions of this specification: This standard does
2.2 Other Document:
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
ANSI B46.1Surface Texture (Surface Roughness)
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environ-
3. Terminology
mental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
limitations prior to use.
3.1.1 dimensions, n—tube dimensions are outside diameter,
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
inside diameter, and wall thickness. Only two of these param-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
eters may be specified in addition to length, except minimum
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
wallmaybespecifiedwithoutsideandinsidediameter.Ineach
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
case, ovality and wall thickness variation (WTV) may be
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
specified as additional requirements.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of the ASTM website.
Subcommittee B10.02 on Zirconium and Hafnium. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
Current edition approved April 1, 2022. Published April 2022. Originally www.astm.org.
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as B811–13 (2017). Available from American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), 1140 Connecticut
DOI: 10.1520/B0811-13R22E01. Ave., NW, Suite 705, Washington, DC 20036, http://www.steel.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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B811−13 (2022)
TABLE 1 ASTM and UNS Number Designation for Reactor Grade
4.1.6 Surface texture on (roughness) the inside and outside
Zirconium Alloys
surfaces (R (micro-inches or micrometers)),
a
Grade UNS Number
4.1.7 Surface condition on the inside diameter (ID) and
Zirconium-tin alloy R60802
outside diameter (OD) surfaces (as pickled, blasted, abraded,
Zirconium-tin alloy R60804
etc.),
4.1.8 Sample test conditions (if other than mill finish
condition) and standards for corrosion test (see Section 8.2),
3.1.2 hydride orientation fraction, Fn, n—the ratio of hy-
dride platelets oriented in the radial direction to the total 4.1.9 General test requirements and test plan for lots (see
hydride platelets in the field examined. Section 10),
4.1.10 Number of tests and resampling plan and require-
3.1.3 lot size, n—a lot shall consist of all tubes of the same
ments (see Section 11), and
size,shape,condition,andfinishproducedfromthesameingot
by the same reduction schedule and heat treatment. The final 4.1.11 Certification of test (see Section 16).
heat treatment shall be in a single furnace charge.
NOTE 2—Atypical order description may read as follows: 1500 pieces
3.1.4 mill finish tubes, n—tubes that have received all
of seamless zirconium-alloy fuel clad tubes OD abraded and ID pickled,
Grade R60804, recrystallization annealed 0.650 in. nominal OD by 0.580
finishing operations subsequent to final anneal, which poten-
in. nominal ID by 0.032 in. minimum wall by 10 ft long with a maximum
tially affects tube mechanical, dimensional, or surface condi-
OD ovality of 0.004 in. and maximum WTV of 0.005 in. in accordance
tion.These operations include, but are not limited to, pickling,
withB811–XX.Maximumsurfacefinishtobe50µin.RaODand50µin.
cleaning, outer and inner surface abrasive conditioning, and
Ra ID.
straightening.
4.2 In addition to the information in 4.1, the following
3.1.5 ovality, n—the difference between the maximum and
points of agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser
minimum diameter, either outer or inner, as determined at any
should be specified in the purchase order as required:
one transverse cross-section of the tube.
4.2.1 Method of determining yield strength if other than
3.1.6 wall thickness variation (WTV), n—the difference
0.2% offset method (see Section 7),
between maximum and minimum wall thickness measured at
4.2.2 Initial gauge length of mechanical test samples for
any one transverse cross-section of the tube.
determining elongation after rupture if other than 2 in. (50
mm),
NOTE1—MeasurementofovalityandWTVmadebyahelicalscanwith
a pitch not exceeding 0.25 in. (6.5 mm) shall be considered as equivalent
4.2.3 Mechanical property requirements for tube other than
to “at any one cross-section of the tube.”
fully recrystallization annealed (see Section 7),
3.2 Lot Definitions:
4.2.4 Location of the inside diameter plugs in elevated
3.2.1 castings, n—alotshallconsistofallcastingsproduced
temperature short-time tension test, when specified (see Sec-
from the same pour.
tion 7.1.3),
3.2.2 ingot, n—no definition required.
4.2.5 Specimen temperature(s) during mechanical testing if
other than room temperature and properties and test require-
3.2.3 rounds,flats,tubes,andwroughtpowdermetallurgical
ments (see Section 7), and
products (single definition, common to nuclear and non-
nuclear standards), n—a lot shall consist of a material of the 4.2.6 Grain size requirements and specimen heat treatment
method for stress relief annealed tubes (see Section 8.1),
samesize,shape,condition,andfinishproducedfromthesame
ingot or powder blend by the same reduction schedule and the
4.2.7 Hydride orientation specimen heat treatment, if
same heat treatment parameters. Unless otherwise agreed
required,evaluationmethod,andmagnificationofphotomicro-
between manufacturer and purchaser, a lot shall be limited to
graph (see Annex A2),
the product of an 8 h period for final continuous anneal, or to
4.2.8 For hydride orientation, angle theta (θ) for determin-
a single furnace load for final batch anneal.
ing radial platelets (see Section 8.3 and Annex A2).
3.2.4 sponge, n—a lot shall consist of a single blend
4.2.9 Burst property acceptance requirements, when speci-
produced at one time.
fied (see Section 8.4),
4.2.10 Use of mandrel and post burst test measurement
3.2.5 weld fittings, n—definition is to be mutually agreed
technique (see Annex A1).
upon between manufacturer and the purchaser.
4.2.11 Contractile strain ratio acceptance criteria, when
4. Ordering Information
specified (see Section 7.3 and Annex A4).
4.1 Purchase orders for tubes covered in this specification
shall include the following information to describe adequately 5. Materials and Manufacture
the desired material:
5.1 Materials covered by this specification shall be pro-
4.1.1 Quantity,
duced in accordance with Specification B350/B350M; all
4.1.2 Grade (see Table 1),
processes to be done in furnaces usually used for reactive
4.1.3 Condition (recrystallization annealed or stress relief
metals.
annealed),
4.1.4 Tube dimensions and tolerance, 5.2 Tubes shall be made by a process approved by the
4.1.5 ASTM designation and year of issue, purchaser.
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B811−13 (2022)
TABLE 3 Permissible Variation in Product Analysis
6. Chemical Composition
Permissible Variation from
6.1 The tubes shall conform to the requirements for chemi-
the Specification Range
cal composition prescribed in Table 2.
(Table 2), %
Alloying Elements:
6.2 Chemical Analysis:
Tin 0.050
6.2.1 The analysis of the material produced to this specifi-
Iron 0.020
cation shall be the one made by the manufacturer on the ingot Chromium 0.010
Nickel 0.010
in accordance with Specification B350/B350M. This analysis
Iron plus chromium 0.020
canbeperformedbythemanufacturerontheingotitself,oron
Iron plus chromium plus nickel 0.020
intermediate or final products with the same frequency and in Oxygen 0.020
the same positions relative to the ingot as required in Specifi-
Impurity Element:
cation B350/B350M. The chemical analysis of hydrogen, †
Each impurity element 20 ppm or 20 % of the
specified limit, whichever is
oxygen and nitrogen shall be determined on the finished
†
smaller
product.
† Editorial changes made.
6.2.2 Analysis shall be made using the manufacturer’s
standard methods. In the event of disagreement as to the
chemicalcompositionofthemetal,thecomposition,forreferee
TABLE 4 Mechanical Properties of Recrystallization Annealed
A
purposes, shall be determined by a mutually acceptable labo- Tubes Tested at Room Temperature
ratory. UNS Numbers
R60802 and R60804
6.2.3 Product Analysis—Product analysis is a check analy-
Tension Test Properties (Longitudinal Direction):
sis made by the purchaser for the purpose of verifying the
Yield Strength (0.2 % Offset), min 35 ksi (240 MPa)
compositionofthelot.Thepermissiblevariationintheproduct
Tensile Strength, min 60 ksi (415 MPa)
analysis from the specification range is as listed in Table 3. Elongation, min %, 2 in. (50 mm) initial gauge length 20
Burst Test Properties:
7. Mechanical Properties
Ultimate Hoop Strength, min 72.6 ksi (500 MPa)
Percent Total Circumferential Elongation (% TCE), min 20
7.1 Tension Properties:
A
7.1.1 Recrystallization annealed tubes shall conform to the
“RT” represents room temperature; Note 4 in Test Methods E8 and E8M
indicates that RT shall be considered to be 50 to 100 °F (10 to 38 °C) unless
requirements for mechanical properties at room temperature
otherwise specified. Paragraph 9.4.4 in Test Methods E21 states that for the
prescribed in Table 4. For tubes in the cold worked and stress
duration of the test, the difference between the indicated temperature and the
relief annealed condition, tension property requirements are to nominal test temperature is not to exceed ±5 °F (3 °C) for tests at 1800 °F
(1000 °C) and lower, and ±10 °F (6 °C) for tests at higher temperatures.
be mutually agreed upon between the manufacturer and the
purchaser.
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
UNS Number UNS Number
Element
7.1.2 When so specified by the purchaser, the tension
R60802 R60804
propertiesshallalsobedeterminedattheelevatedtemperatures
Composition, Weight %:
Tin 1.20 to 1.70 1.20 to 1.70 and shall conform to the limits specified by the purchaser.
Iron 0.07 to 0.20 0.18 to 0.24
7.1.3 Thetensiontestshallbeconductedinaccordancewith
Chromium 0.05 to 0.15 0.07 to 0.13
TestMethodsE8orE21.Yieldstrengthshallbedeterminedby
Nickel 0.03 to 0.08 . . .
Oxygen 0.09 to 0.16 0.09 to 0.16
the 0.2% offset method. The tension properties shall be
Iron plus chromium plus 0.18 to 0.38 . . .
determined using a strain rate of 0.003 to 0.007 in./in.-min
Nickel
(mm/mm-min) through the yield strength. After the yield
Iron plus chromium . . . 0.28 to 0.37
strength has been exceeded, the cross head speed may be
Maximum Impurities, Weight %:
increased to approximately 0.05 in./in.-min (mm/mm-min) to
Aluminum 0.0075 0.0075
failure.
Boron 0.00005 0.00005
Cadmium 0.00005 0.00005
7.2 Burst Testing:
Calcium 0.0030 0.0030
7.2.1 Burst testing, when specified, shall be performed at
Carbon 0.027 0.027
Cobalt 0.0020 0.0020
room temperature on finished tubing. Recrystallization an-
Copper 0.0050 0.0050
nealed tubes shall conform to the requirements for burst
Hafnium 0.010 0.010
properties at room temperature prescribed in Table 4. If burst
Hydrogen 0.0025 0.0025
Magnesium 0.0020 0.0020
test is specified for cold worked and stress relief annealed
Manganese 0.0050 0.0050
tubes, the acceptance criteria shall be agreed upon between the
Molybdenum 0.0050 0.0050
Nickel . . . 0.0070 manufacturer and the purchaser.
Niobium 0.0100 0.0100
7.2.2 If elevated temperature burst test is specified, the test
Nitrogen 0.0080 0.0080
method and acceptance criteria shall be agreed upon between
Silicon 0.0120 0.0120
Tungsten 0.0100 0.0100 the manufacturer and purchaser.
Titanium 0.0050 0.0050
Uranium (Total) 0.00035 0.00035 NOTE 3—Burst properties obtained at room temperature were the
subject of a 1971 round robin conducted by ASTM subcommittee
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B811−13 (2022)
B10.02. Variability in values was relatively large and should be consid-
9. Permissible Variations in Dimensions
ered in setting specific limits.
9.1 Diameter—The permissible variations in outside or
7.3 Contractile St
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