ASTM C210-95(2005)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Reheat Change of Insulating Firebrick
Standard Test Method for Reheat Change of Insulating Firebrick
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the permanent linear (and volume) change of insulating firebrick upon reheating under prescribed conditions.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:C210–95 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Test Method for
Reheat Change of Insulating Firebrick
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 210; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 4. Apparatus
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the perma- 4.1 The test kiln shall be capable of maintaining the
nent linear (and volume) change of insulating firebrick upon required temperature with a variation of not more than one half
reheating under prescribed conditions. a standard pyrometric cone over the hearth area during the
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded prescribed heating schedule. If a gas- or oil-fired kiln is used,
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for it shall be of the downdraft type and of such a design as not to
information only. permit the flame from the burner to impinge upon the test
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the specimens.The kiln atmosphere during the test shall be kept as
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the oxidizing as is practicable.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Procedure
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. 5.1 Test Specimens and Measurements:
5.1.1 Thetestspecimensshallconsistofthreebrick(Note1)
2. Referenced Documents 1 1
measuring 9 by 4 ⁄2 by 2 ⁄2 or 3 in. (228 by 114 by 64 or 76
2.1 ASTM Standards: mm) or three pieces of these dimensions cut out of larger
C24 Test Method for Pyrometric Cone Equivalent (PCE) of shapes.
Fireclay and High Alumina Refractory Materials
NOTE 1—Three supporting brick from the same lot as the test speci-
C 155 Classification of Insulating Firebrick
mens are required also, so that the test sample is comprised of six brick.
E 230 Specification and Temperature Electromotive Force
5.1.2 Each specimen shall be labeled with ceramic paint,
(EMF) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
and before and after heating they shall be carefully measured
E 1256 Test Methods for Radiation Thermometers (Single
for length (Note 2), width, and thickness. Three measurements
Waveband Type)
(Note3)tothenearest0.02in.(0.5mm)shallbetakenforeach
dimension and the average of these shall be used. Each
3. Significance and Use
dimension shall be measured in three places along the longi-
3.1 Insulating firebrick (IFB) are classified by their bulk
tudinal center line on opposite faces, one measurement at the
density and reheat change (see Classification C 155). This test
center of the line and one ⁄2 in. (13 mm) in from each edge.
method defines thermal stability by measurement of IFB’s
Fig. 1 shows the location at which these measurements are to
reheat change following 24 h at a test temperature.
be made.
3.2 Sincethistestexposestheentiresampletoanisothermal
temperature condition, the user should be aware that most
NOTE 2—For classifying IFB according to Classification C 155, obtain
applications for IFB involve a thermal gradient which may the reheat change from the 9-in. (228-mm) dimension measurements only.
NOTE 3—Because of the large pore size of some IFB, it is difficult to
cause the IFB’s dimensions to change differentially.
measurebymeansofcalipersdirectlyonthebricksurfaces.Accuracymay
be obtained by holding two small pieces of flat polished steel plate of
known thickness against the faces between which the dimension is to be
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on
obtained, and calipering on the outside steel surfaces rather than directly
Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.03 on Physical
against the brick surfaces. It is permissible to use a measuring device to
Tests.
obtain the dimensions of the brick, provided the measurements are not
Current edition approved March 1, 2005. Published March 2005. Originally
affected by large pores in the surface.
approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as C 210 – 95 (1999).
Originally part of C 93.
5.2 Placing Test Specimens in Kiln:
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.2.1 Place the test specimens in the kiln so that each will
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
rest on a 9 by 2 ⁄2 or 3-in. (228 by 64 or 76-mm) face. Place
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. each specimen upon the 9 by 2 ⁄2 or 3-in. face of a supporting
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C210–95 (2005)
8.2 Reheat Volume Change—When the reheat volume
change is requested, calculate it from the average measurement
for the three dimensions obtained before and after reheating, as
follows:
V 5 [ V 2 V /V 3 100 (1)
~ ! #
o f o
where:
V = volume change, percent,
V = original volume, and
o
V = final volume.
f
NOTE 1—The dots on the center line of each face are ⁄2 in. (13 mm) in
8.3 Report—When the test is conducted for evaluating IFB
from each edge, and the cross on the axis is in the center. These positions
in accordance with Classification C 155, the average linear
indicate the points at which three measurements for each dimensions are
change for the 9-in. (228-mm) dimension only shall be re-
to be made.
FIG. 1 Test Brick Showing Measurement Locations ported; otherwise, or when specified, the average of the reheat
change for the length, width, and thickness shall be reported
brick that shall be from the same lot as the test specimen. Place
and, if requested, the average reheat volume change.
between the test specimen and the supporting member a layer
ofsuitablerefractorymaterial,thatisnonreactiveunderthetest
9. Precision and Bias
conditions and passes an ASTM No. 16 (1.18-mm) sieve
9.1 Interlaboratory Test Program—An interlaboratory test
(equivalent to a 14-mesh Tyler Standard Series) and retained
program between six laboratories was conducted. Each labo-
on an ASTM No. 40 (425-µm) sieve (equivalent to a 35-mesh
ratory received 3 samples each of three IFBs, K-20, K-26 LI,
Tyler Standard Series). Place each specimen no closer than 1 ⁄2
in. (38 mm) from either the other test specimens or the furnace and K-3000. The bricks were provided by Thermal Ceramics.
wall and parts.
The laboratories participating were C.E. Minerals, Orton RRC,
North American Refract
...
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