ASTM D6553-23
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Coolant Compatibility of Way Lubricants
Standard Test Method for Coolant Compatibility of Way Lubricants
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 In the normal use of a way lubricant in a machine tool, the way lubricant eventually becomes a contaminant that may emulsify into the coolant. It is generally desirable to remove this contaminant by skimming; otherwise, the coolant lifetime may be significantly shortened. This test method provides a guide for determining the separability characteristics of way lubricants that are expected to get into aqueous alkaline metalworking coolants. It is used for specification of new oils and might be useful in monitoring of in-service oils.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method measures the ability of single-use way lubricants to separate from metalworking coolants (synthetic coolants, semisynthetic coolants, and soluble oils) or other alkaline aqueous fluids.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 7.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6553 − 23
Standard Test Method for
1
Coolant Compatibility of Way Lubricants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6553; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
to Terminology D4175.
1.1 This test method measures the ability of single-use way
3.1.2 cuff, n—a layer between the way oil layer and the
lubricants to separate from metalworking coolants (synthetic
coolant or buffer layer that contains significant amounts of
coolants, semisynthetic coolants, and soluble oils) or other
both. In describing this intermediate layer, cuff is preferred to
alkaline aqueous fluids.
emulsion since many of the coolants are themselves emulsions.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
4. Summary of Test Method
standard.
4.1 This test procedure is essentially identical to Test
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Method D1401, with the actual coolant or an alkaline buffer
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
replacing the distilled water of that test method. A 40 mL
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
sample and 40 mL of either actual coolant or a pH 9.0 buffer
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
solution (see Note 1) are stirred for 5 min at 54 °C (see Note 2)
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
in a graduated cylinder. The time required for the separation of
For specific warning statements, see Section 7.
the emulsion thus formed is recorded. If complete separation or
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
emulsion reduction to 3 mL or less does not occur after
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
standing for 30 min, the volumes of oil (or fluid), water, and
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
emulsion remaining at the time are reported.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
NOTE 1—Distilled water is not a satisfactory aqueous phase for testing
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
the ability of way lubricants to separate from coolants because distilled
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
water gives different results from coolants. The best procedure is to use the
actual coolant that the way lubricant will contaminate. A buffer solution of
2. Referenced Documents
pH 9.0 may be used in place of a specific coolant to predict the
separability from alkaline coolants in general.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
NOTE 2—It is recommended, however, that the test temperature be
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
raised to 82 °C 6 1 °C when testing way lubricants more viscous than
2
D1401 Test Method for Water Separability of Petroleum Oils 90 cSt (mm /s) at 40 °C.
and Synthetic Fluids
5. Significance and Use
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products
5.1 In the normal use of a way lubricant in a machine tool,
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid the way lubricant eventually becomes a contaminant that may
Fuels, and Lubricants
emulsify into the coolant. It is generally desirable to remove
this contaminant by skimming; otherwise, the coolant lifetime
3. Terminology
may be significantly shortened. This test method provides a
guide for determining the separability characteristics of way
3.1 Definitions:
lubricants that are expected to get into aqueous alkaline
metalworking coolants. It is used for specification of new oils
1
and might be useful in monitoring of in-service oils.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.L0.01 on Metal Removal Fluids and Lubricants.
6. Apparatus
Current edition approved March 1, 2023. Published April 2023. Originally
6.1 Cylinder, 100 mL, graduated from 5 mL to 100 mL in
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D6553 – 00 (2016).
DOI: 10.1520/D6553-23.
1.0 mL divisions, made of glass, heat-resistant glass, or a
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
chemical equivalent. The inside diameter shall be no less than
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
27 mm and no more than 30 mm throughout i
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6553 − 00 (Reapproved 2016) D6553 − 23
Standard Test Method for
1
Coolant Compatibility of Way Lubricants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6553; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method measures the ability of single-use way lubricants to separate from metalworking coolants (synthetic coolants,
semisynthetic coolants, and soluble oils) or other alkaline aqueous fluids.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 7.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1401 Test Method for Water Separability of Petroleum Oils and Synthetic Fluids
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D4175.
3.1.2 cuff—cuff, n—a layer between the way oil layer and the coolant or buffer layer that contains significant amounts of both. In
describing this intermediate layer, cuff is preferred to emulsion since many of the coolants are themselves emulsions.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test procedure is essentially identical to Test Method D1401, with the actual coolant or an alkaline buffer replacing the
distilled water of that test method. A 40 mL sample and 40 mL of either actual coolant or a pH 9.0 buffer solution (see Note 1)
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.L0.01 on Metal Removal Fluids and Lubricants.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2016March 1, 2023. Published February 2016April 2023. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 20052016 as
D6553 – 00 (2010).(2016). DOI: 10.1520/D6553-00R106.10.1520/D6553-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D6553 − 23
are stirred for 5 min at 54 °C (see Note 2) in a graduated cylinder. The time required for the separation of the emulsion thus formed
is recorded. If complete separation or emulsion reduction to 3 mL or less does not occur after standing for 30 min, the volumes
of oil (or fluid), water, and emulsion remaining at the time are reported.
NOTE 1—Distilled water is not a satisfactory aqueous phase for testing the ability of way lubricants to separate from coolants because distilled water gives
different results from coolants. The best procedure is to use the actual coolant that the way lubricant will contaminate. A buffer solution of pH 9.0 may
be used in place of a specific coolant to predict the separability from alkaline coolants in general.
2
NOTE 2—It is recommended, however, that the test temperature be raised to 82 °C 6 1 °C when testing way lubricants more viscous than 90 cSt (mm /s)
at 40 °C.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 In the normal use of a way lubricant in a machine tool, the way lubricant eventually becomes a contaminant that may emulsify
into the coolant. It is generally desirable to remove this contamina
...
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