ASTM C279-13a
(Specification)Standard Specification for Chemical-Resistant Masonry Units
Standard Specification for Chemical-Resistant Masonry Units
ABSTRACT
This specification covers chemical-resistant masonry units, specifically, solid kiln fired bricks and tiles made from clay, shale, or mixtures thereof, suitable for indoor and outdoor use in masonry construction subjected to chemical environments. The bricks and tiles are considered to be of three types as follows: Type I, for use where low absorption and high acid resistance are not major factors; Type II, for use where lower absorption and higher acid resistance are required; and Type III, for use where minimum absorption and maximum acid resistance are required. The masonry units shall undergo tests and adhere accordingly to the following physical and chemical requirements: water absorption, warpage, surface texture, size and dimension, flexural strength, modulus of rupture, sulfuric acid solubility, and percent weight loss.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers solid, kiln fired brick and tile made from clay, shale, or mixtures thereof, suitable for indoor and outdoor use in masonry construction subjected to chemical environments (see Terminology C1232).
1.2 The brick and tile covered herein are intended for use in chemical environments where resistance to thermal shock may be a consideration. The brick and tile are normally used with chemical-resistant mortars.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:C279 −13a
Standard Specification for
1
Chemical-Resistant Masonry Units
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C279; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 4. Classification
1.1 This specification covers solid, kiln fired brick and tile
4.1 The physical and chemical properties of brick and tile
made from clay, shale, or mixtures thereof, suitable for indoor
differ from supplier to supplier, mainly because their compo-
and outdoor use in masonry construction subjected to chemical
sition is determined by the source of raw materials. Regardless
environments (see Terminology C1232).
of the differences, brick and tile are considered to be one of
three types and one of two classes as follows:
1.2 The brick and tile covered herein are intended for use in
4.1.1 Type I—For use where low absorption and high acid
chemical environments where resistance to thermal shock may
be a consideration. The brick and tile are normally used with resistance are not major factors.
chemical-resistant mortars.
4.1.2 Type II—For use where lower absorption and higher
acid resistance are required.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
4.1.3 Type III—For use where minimum absorption and
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
maximum acid resistance are required.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
NOTE 1—Types I, II, and III may not differ significantly in thermal
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the shock resistance. The suitability of a given brick, for a particular
application should be determined at the time of purchase by agreement
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
between the purchaser and the supplier.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
NOTE 2—Types I and III were formerly designated Type “H” and “L”
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
respectively.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1.4 Class S—For use in standard applications.
2. Referenced Documents
4.1.5 Class X—For use where a higher degree of precision
2
and lower permissible variation in size than that permitted for
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Class S is required.
C20 Test Methods for Apparent Porosity, Water Absorption,
Apparent Specific Gravity, and Bulk Density of Burned
5. Physical Properties
Refractory Brick and Shapes by Boiling Water
C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and
5.1 Strength—The brick and tile when tested in accordance
Structural Clay Tile
with Test Methods C67 shall conform to the requirements for
C1232 Terminology of Masonry
modulus of rupture (flexural strength) for the type specified, as
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
prescribed in Table 1.
Sieves
5.2 Water Absorption—The brick and tile when tested in
3. Terminology accordance with Test Methods C20 shall conform to the
requirements for water absorption (based on the 2 h boil) for
3.1 Definitions—For definitions relating to chemical-
the type specified, as prescribed in Table 1.
resistant masonry units, refer to Terminology C1232.
6. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on
6.1 Sizes—The sizes of the brick and tile shall be as
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C15.02 on Brick and Structural Clay Tile. specified by the purchaser. The length, width, and depth
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2013. Published January 2014. Originally
measurements of the brick or tile shall be within 63 % of the
approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as C279 – 13. DOI:
specified dimensions for Class S units and within 61.5 % of
10.1520/C0279-13A.
2
the specified dimensions for Class X units.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.2 Warpage—The brick and tile shall conform to the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. requirements as shown in Table 2.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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C279−13a
TABLE 1 Physical and Chemical Requirements for Brick and Tile
8.1.9 Hot Plate.
Modulus of Rupture Water Absorption H SO Solubility
2 4 8.1.10 Fritted-Glass
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C279 − 13 C279 − 13a
Standard Specification for
1
Chemical-Resistant Masonry Units
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C279; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers solid, kiln fired brick and tile made from clay, shale, or mixtures thereof, suitable for indoor and
outdoor use in masonry construction subjected to chemical environments (see Terminology C1232).
1.2 The physical and chemical properties of brick and tile differ from supplier to supplier, mainly because their composition is
determined by the source of raw materials. Regardless of the differences, covered herein are intended for use in chemical
environments where resistance to thermal shock may be a consideration. The brick and tile are considered to be one of three types
and one of two classes as follows:normally used with chemical-resistant mortars.
1.2.1 Type I—For use where low absorption and high acid resistance are not major factors.
1.2.2 Type II—For use where lower absorption and higher acid resistance are required.
1.2.3 Type III—For use where minimum absorption and maximum acid resistance are required.
NOTE 1—Types I, II, and III may not differ significantly in thermal shock resistance. The suitability of a given brick, for a particular application should
be determined at the time of purchase by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.
NOTE 2—Types I and III were formerly designated Type “H’’ and “L’’ respectively.
1.2.4 Class S—For use in standard applications.
1.2.5 Class X—For use where a higher degree of precision and lower permissible variation in size than that permitted for Class
S is required.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C20 Test Methods for Apparent Porosity, Water Absorption, Apparent Specific Gravity, and Bulk Density of Burned Refractory
Brick and Shapes by Boiling Water
C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile
C1232 Terminology of Masonry
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions relating to chemical-resistant masonry units, refer to Terminology C1232.
4. Classification
4.1 The physical and chemical properties of brick and tile differ from supplier to supplier, mainly because their composition is
determined by the source of raw materials. Regardless of the differences, brick and tile are considered to be one of three types and
one of two classes as follows:
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C15.02 on Brick
and Structural Clay Tile.
Current edition approved June 1, 2013Dec. 15, 2013. Published June 2013January 2014. Originally approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 20122013 as
C279 – 12.C279 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/C0279-13.10.1520/C0279-13A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C279 − 13a
4.1.1 Type I—For use where low absorption and high acid resistance are not major factors.
4.1.2 Type II—For use where lower absorption and higher acid resistance are required.
4.1.3 Type III—For use where minimum absorption and maximum acid resistance are required.
NOTE 1—Types I, II, and III may not differ significantly in thermal shock resistance. The suitability of a given brick, for a particular applicat
...
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