ASTM A471/A471M-09(2014)

Standard Specification for Vacuum-Treated Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine Rotor Disks and Wheels

ABSTRACT
This specification covers vacuum-treated alloy steel forgings intended for use as turbine rotor disks and wheels. The steel shall be made by the basic electric-furnace process. The molten steel shall be vacuum treated using either the vacuum stream degassing process, vacuum-lift process or ladle degassing process prior to or during the pouring of the ingot in order to remove objectionable gases, particularly hydrogen. The forgings shall receive their hot mechanical work under a press, hammer, or mill of sufficient power to work the metal throughout its section. Before reheating for heat treatment, the forging shall be allowed to cool in a manner to prevent damage and to accomplish transformation. The forgings shall be heated to a suitable temperature for a sufficient length of time for complete austenitization and shall be tempered to develop the specified properties. The forgings shall be preliminarily machined on all surfaces prior to heat treatment and shall be stress relieved after machining. To measure some mechanical properties, the specimens shall be subjected to tension test, impact test, and hardness test. A non-destructive test like an ultrasonic inspection shall be made on all available surfaces to demonstrate freedom from detrimental internal indications.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers vacuum-treated alloy steel forgings intended for use as turbine rotor disks and wheels.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2014
• ICS: 77.140.85 - Iron and steel forgings
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.06 - Steel Forgings and Billets

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A471/A471M-09 - Standard Specification for Vacuum-Treated Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine Rotor Disks and Wheels
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2014
• Replaced By: ASTM A471/A471M-19 - Standard Specification for Vacuum-Treated Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine Rotor Disks and Wheels
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019
• Referred By: ASTM A788/A788M-23 - Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2014

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:A471/A471M −09 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Specification for
Vacuum-Treated Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine Rotor
Disks and Wheels
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA471/A471M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope lines additional ordering information, manufacturing methods
and procedures, marking, certification, production analysis
1.1 This specification covers vacuum-treated alloy steel
variations, and additional supplementary requirements.
forgings intended for use as turbine rotor disks and wheels.
3.2 The purchaser shall specify in the inquiry and order the
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
class of steel desired and test and purchase options (see 4.5.5,
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
5.2.2, 6.1, 6.3, Section 7, and 15.1).
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
3.3 Forging Drawing—Each forging shall be manufactured
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
in accordance with a purchaser-supplied drawing showing the
with the standard.
finished dimensions and the locations of mechanical test
specimens.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.4 Supplementary requirements are provided and shall
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
apply only when specified in the purchaser’s order.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Materials and Manufacture
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 Melting Process:
2.1 ASTM Standards: 4.1.1 The steel shall be made by the basic electric-furnace
A275/A275M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination of process, with additional ladle refining being optional.
Steel Forgings
4.1.2 Provisions for subsequent secondary melting of the
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
steel by the consumable electrode-electroslag or vacuum-arc
of Steel Products
remelting processes are included in Supplementary Require-
A388/A388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel
ment S4.
Forgings
4.2 The vacuum degassing requirements of Specification
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-
A788/A788M are mandatory.
cal Analysis of Steel Products
A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re- 4.3 Discard—Sufficient discard shall be taken from each
quirements ingot to secure freedom from pipe and undue segregation in the
E139 Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture, finished forging.
and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials
4.4 Forging Process—The forgings shall receive their hot
mechanical work under a press, hammer, or mill of sufficient
3. Ordering Information
power to work the metal throughout its section. The forgings
3.1 Material supplied to this specification shall conform to
shall be upset by forming from a block having an axial length
the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, which out-
before upsetting of at least two times the thickness of the
forging after upsetting.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
4.4.1 The as-forged dimensions of each forging shall be
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets. planned so the metal is shaped by forging as close as is
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014. Published October 2014. Originally
practical to the dimensions shown on the purchaser’s drawing
approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A471/A471M – 09.
so as to keep subsequent machining to a minimum.
DOI: 10.1520/A0471_A0471M-09R14.
4.4.2 The axial center of the forging shall be maintained in
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
common with the axial center of the ingot.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 4.5 Heat Treatment:
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A471/A471M−09 (2014)
4.5.1 Cooling Prior to Heat Treatment—After forging and 5.2 Chemical Analysis:
before reheating for heat treatment, the forging shall be 5.2.1 Heat Analysis—An analysis of each heat of steel shall
allowed to cool in a manner to prevent damage and to be made by the manufacturer to determine the percentages of
accomplish transformation. thoseelementsspecifiedinTable1.Thisanalysisshallbemade
4.5.2 Preliminary Heat Treatment—The forgings shall be from a test ingot taken during the pouring of the heat.
given such preliminary heat treatment as is proper for the 5.2.1.1 If the test sample taken for the ladle analysis is lost
design and composition. The forgings shall be heated to a or declared inadequate for chemical determinations, the manu-
suitable temperature for a sufficient length of time for complete facturer may take alternative samples from appropriate loca-
austenitization and shall be suitably cooled to bring about tions near the surface of the ingot or forging as necessary to
complete transformation. establish the analysis of the heat in question.
4.5.3 Heat Treatment for Mechanical Properties—The forg- 5.2.2 Product Analysis—A product analysis may be made
ings shall be reheated to a temperature above the upper critical by the purchaser on each forging. Sample for an analysis may
temperature, held a sufficient length of time for complete be taken from the forging at any point from the mid-radius to
austenitization, and liquid quenched. the outside diameter or from a full-size prolongation, or
4.5.4 Tempering Temperature—The forgings shall be tem- turnings may be taken from a test specimen. The chemical
pered to develop the specified properties. The final tempering composition thus determined shall not vary from the require-
temperature for Class 1 to 6 and 11 through 14 shall be not less ments specified in Table 1 more than the amounts prescribed in
than 1100°F [595°C], and for Class 10 not less than 1200°F Table 1 of Specification A788/A788M.
[650°C].Theforgingsshallbecooledundersuitableconditions
5.3 Test Methods of Analysis—Test Methods, Practices, and
from the tempering temperature.
Terminology A751 shall be used for referee purposes.
4.5.5 Stress Relief—Unless otherwise specified by the
purchaser, the forgings shall be stress relieved after machining
6. Mechanical Properties
(see 4.6.2) by heating slowly to a temperature within 100°F
6.1 TensionTest—The material shall conform to the require-
[55°C] below the final tempering temperature but in no case
ment for tensile properties prescribed in Table 2 when tested in
below1025°F[550°C]forClasses1to6and11through14and
accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A370. Tension
1150°F [620°C] for Class 10.They shall be held for a sufficient
test specimens shall be the standard round, ⁄2-in. [12.5-mm]
length of time and then cooled under suitable conditions. This
diameter, 2-in. [50-mm] gauge length as shown in Test Meth-
stress-relief temperature may be omitted provided the metal
ods and Definitions A370. The yield strength prescribed in
removed in accordance with 4.6.2, excluding test metal, does
Table 2 shall be determined by the 0.2 % offset method of Test
not exceed ⁄16 in. [5 mm] on any surface.
Methods and Definitions A370. The offset shall be 0.2 %
4.6 Machining:
unless 0.02 % is specified in the ordering information.
4.6.1 Preliminary Machining—The forgings shall be pre-
6.2 Impact Test—The material shall conform to the require-
liminarily machined on all surfaces prior to heat treatment for
ments for impact (both transition-temperature and room-
mechanical properties (see 4.5.3).
temperature impact value) as prescribed in Table 2.The impact
4.6.2 Machining to Purchaser’s Requirements for
tests shall be performed in accordance with Test Methods and
Shipment—After heat treatment for mechanical properties (see
Definitions A370 using standard full-size specimens.
4.5.3), the forgings shall be machined to the dimensions of the
6.3 Hardness—Forgings made from Classes 11 to 14 and
purchaser’s forging drawing or instructions on the order.
subjected to group testing in accordance with 6.4.1 shall
5. Chemical Composition
conform to the Brinell hardness requirements prescribed in
5.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements for chemical Table 2 when tested in accordance with Test Methods and
composition prescribed in Table 1. Definitions A370.
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition, %
Classes 1 to 6, Class 10 Classes 11 to 13, Class 14
incl incl
A
Carbon 0.28 max 0.27–0.37 0.38–0.43 0.45 max
Manganese 0.70 max 0.70–1.00 0.60–1.00 0.60–1.00
Phosphorus 0.012 max 0.012 max 0.012 max 0.012 max
Sulfur 0.015 max 0.015 max 0.015 max 0.015 max
B B BBB
Silicon
Nickel 2.00–4.00 0.50 max 0.50 max 1.65–3.50
Chromium 0.75–2.00 0.85–1.25 0.80–1.10 0.50–1.25
Molybdenum 0.20–0.70 1.00–1.50 0.15 min 0.20 min
Vanadium 0.05 min 0.20–0.30 0.06 max optional
CCCC
Antimony
D
Aluminum 0.015 max 0.015 max 0.015 max 0.015 max
A
0.35 % C max for Classes 4 and 5; 0.40 % C, max, for Class 6.
B
0.10 % max unless an alternative value, not in excess of 0.35 %, is specified in the purchase order.
C
To be reported for information only.
D
Total of soluble and insoluble.
A471/A471M−09 (2014)
TABLE 2 Tensile and Charpy Impact Requirements
Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6
Tensile strength, min, ksi [MPa] 100 105 110 120 130 140
[690] [725] [760] [830] [900] [965]
Yield strength, ksi [MPa]
0.2 % offset 80–100 90–110 100–120 110–130 120–140 130–150
[550–690] [620–760] [690–825] [760–895] [825–965] [895–1035]
0.02 % offset 75–95 85–105 95–115 105–125 115–135 125–145
[520–655] [585–725] [655–790] [725–860] [790–930] [860–1000]
Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, % 20 19 18 17 16 15
Reduction of area, min, % 50 50 47 45 43 43
Charpy V-notch impact, room temperature, ft·lbf [J], min 50 [68] 50 [68] 45 [61] 45 [61] 40 [54] 40 [54]
Transition temperature, FATT , °F [°C], max 0 [–18] 0 [–18]
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A471/A471M − 09 A471/A471M − 09 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Specification for
Vacuum-Treated Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine Rotor
Disks and Wheels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A471/A471M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*Scope
1.1 This specification covers vacuum-treated alloy steel forgings intended for use as turbine rotor disks and wheels.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A275/A275M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination of Steel Forgings
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A388/A388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel Forgings
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements
E139 Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture, and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Material supplied to this specification shall conform to the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, which outlines
additional ordering information, manufacturing methods and procedures, marking, certification, production analysis variations, and
additional supplementary requirements.
3.2 The purchaser shall specify in the inquiry and order the class of steel desired and test and purchase options (see 4.5.5, 5.2.2,
6.1, 6.3, Section 7, and 15.1).
3.3 Forging Drawing—Each forging shall be manufactured in accordance with a purchaser-supplied drawing showing the
finished dimensions and the locations of mechanical test specimens.
3.4 Supplementary requirements are provided and shall apply only when specified in the purchaser’s order.
4. Materials and Manufacture
4.1 Melting Process:
4.1.1 The steel shall be made by the basic electric-furnace process, with additional ladle refining being optional.
4.1.2 Provisions for subsequent secondary melting of the steel by the consumable electrode-electroslag or vacuum-arc remelting
processes are included in Supplementary Requirement S4.
4.2 The vacuum degassing requirements of Specification A788/A788M are mandatory.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.06
on Steel Forgings and Billets.
Current edition approved April 1, 2009Oct. 1, 2014. Published April 2009October 2014. Originally approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 20082009 as
A471 – 08.A471/A471M – 09. DOI: 10.1520/A0471_A0471M-09.10.1520/A0471_A0471M-09R14.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A471/A471M − 09 (2014)
4.3 Discard—Sufficient discard shall be taken from each ingot to secure freedom from pipe and undue segregation in the
finished forging.
4.4 Forging Process—The forgings shall receive their hot mechanical work under a press, hammer, or mill of sufficient power
to work the metal throughout its section. The forgings shall be upset by forming from a block having an axial length before
upsetting of at least two times the thickness of the forging after upsetting.
4.4.1 The as-forged dimensions of each forging shall be planned so the metal is shaped by forging as close as is practical to
the dimensions shown on the purchaser’s drawing so as to keep subsequent machining to a minimum.
4.4.2 The axial center of the forging shall be maintained in common with the axial center of the ingot.
4.5 Heat Treatment:
4.5.1 Cooling Prior to Heat Treatment—After forging and before reheating for heat treatment, the forging shall be allowed to
cool in a manner to prevent damage and to accomplish transformation.
4.5.2 Preliminary Heat Treatment—The forgings shall be given such preliminary heat treatment as is proper for the design and
composition. The forgings shall be heated to a suitable temperature for a sufficient length of time for complete austenitization and
shall be suitably cooled to bring about complete transformation.
4.5.3 Heat Treatment for Mechanical Properties—The forgings shall be reheated to a temperature above the upper critical
temperature, held a sufficient length of time for complete austenitization, and liquid quenched.
4.5.4 Tempering Temperature—The forgings shall be tempered to develop the specified properties. The final tempering
temperature for Class 1 to 6 and 11 through 14 shall be not less than 1100°F [595°C], and for Class 10 not less than 1200°F
[650°C]. The forgings shall be cooled under suitable conditions from the tempering temperature.
4.5.5 Stress Relief—Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, the forgings shall be stress relieved after machining (see 4.6.2)
by heating slowly to a temperature within 100°F [55°C] below the final tempering temperature but in no case below 1025°F
[550°C] for Classes 1 to 6 and 11 through 14 and 1150°F [620°C] for Class 10. They shall be held for a sufficient length of time
and then cooled under suitable conditions. This stress-relief temperature may be omitted provided the metal removed in accordance
with 4.6.2, excluding test metal, does not exceed ⁄16 in. [5 mm] on any surface.
4.6 Machining:
4.6.1 Preliminary Machining—The forgings shall be preliminarily machined on all surfaces prior to heat treatment for
mechanical properties (see 4.5.3).
4.6.2 Machining to Purchaser’s Requirements for Shipment—After heat treatment for mechanical properties (see 4.5.3), the
forgings shall be machined to the dimensions of the purchaser’s forging drawing or instructions on the order.
5. Chemical Composition
5.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements for chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.
5.2 Chemical Analysis:
5.2.1 Heat Analysis—An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the manufacturer to determine the percentages of those
elements specified in Table 1. This analysis shall be made from a test ingot taken during the pouring of the heat.
5.2.1.1 If the test sample taken for the ladle analysis is lost or declared inadequate for chemical determinations, the manufacturer
may take alternative samples from appropriate locations near the surface of the ingot or forging as necessary to establish the
analysis of the heat in question.
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition, %
Classes 1 to 6, Class 10 Classes 11 to 13, Class 14
incl incl
A
Carbon 0.28 max 0.27–0.37 0.38–0.43 0.45 max
Manganese 0.70 max 0.70–1.00 0.60–1.00 0.60–1.00
Phosphorus 0.012 max 0.012 max 0.012 max 0.012 max
Sulfur 0.015 max 0.015 max 0.015 max 0.015 max
B B B B B
Silicon
Nickel 2.00–4.00 0.50 max 0.50 max 1.65–3.50
Chromium 0.75–2.00 0.85–1.25 0.80–1.10 0.50–1.25
Molybdenum 0.20–0.70 1.00–1.50 0.15 min 0.20 min
Vanadium 0.05 min 0.20–0.30 0.06 max optional
C C C C
Antimony
D
Aluminum 0.015 max 0.015 max 0.015 max 0.015 max
A
0.35 % C max for Classes 4 and 5; 0.40 % C, max, for Class 6.
B
0.10% 0.10 % max unless an alternative value, not in excess of 0.35%,0.35 %, is specified in the purchase order.
C
To be reported for information only.
D
Total of soluble and insoluble.
A471/A471M − 09 (2014)
5.2.2 Product Analysis—A product analysis may be made by the purchaser on each forging. Sample for an analysis may be taken
from the forging at any point from the mid-radius to the outside diameter or from a full-size prolongation, or turnings may be taken
from a test specimen. The chemical composition thus determined shall not vary from the requirements specified in Table 1 more
than the amounts prescribed in Table 1 of Specification A788/A788M.
5.3 Test Methods of Analysis—Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751 shall be used for referee purposes.
6. Mechanical Properties
6.1 Tension Test—The material shall conform to the requirement for tensile properties prescribed in Table 2 when tested in
accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A370. Tension test specimens shall be the standard round, ⁄2-in. [12.5-mm]
diameter, 2-in. [50-mm] gauge length as shown in Test Methods and Definitions A370. The yield strength prescribed in Table 2
shall be determined by the 0.2 % offset method of Test Methods and Definitions A370. The offset shall be 0.2 % unless 0.02 %
is specified in the ordering information.
6.2 Impact Test—The material shall conform to the requirements for impact (both transition-temperature and room-temperature
impact value) as prescribed in Table 2. The impact tests shall be performed in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A370
using standard full-size specimens.
6.3 Hardness—Forgings made from Classes 11 to 14 and subjected to group testing in accordance with 6.4.1 shall conform to
the Brinell hardness requirements prescribed in Table 2 when tested in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A370.
6.4 Location and Number of Tests—Classes 1 through 10 tension and impact test specimen shall be identified and taken from
the locations as specified by the purchaser and agreed to by the producer. One tension test and a transition-temperature
determination, including room-temperature impact strength shall be considered a minimum number of tests conducted on forgings
made to this specification.
6.4.1 For Classes 11 through 14 unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, tests shall be made as follows:
6.4.1.1 Forgings 30 in. [750 mm] and under in diameter may be group tested. One tension test and one Charpy V-notch test shall
be considered representative of each lot of forgings manufactured from the same heat of material and heat treated together. When
group tested two Brinell tests, 180° apart, shall be made on the same face of each forging near the rim.
6.4.1.2 For forgings over 30 in. [750 mm] in diameter, at least one rim tension test and one Charpy V-notch test shall be made
from each forging.
6.4.1.3 Location—Unless otherwise specified, tension and Charpy V-notch specimens shall be taken on full thickness
prolongations on the forging periphery. The test specimen shall be taken as close as possible to the quarter thickness of the forging,
with the axis of the specimen tangential.
TABLE 2 Tensile and Charpy Impact Requirements
Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6
Tensile strength, min, ksi [MPa] 100 105 110 120 130 140
[690] [725] [760] [830] [900] [965]
Yield strength, ksi [MPa]
0.2 % offset 80–100 90–110 100–120 110–130 120–140 130–150
[550–690] [620–760] [690–825] [760–895] [825–965] [895–1035]
0.02 % offset 75–95 85–105 95–115 105–125 115–135 125–145
0.02 % offset 75–95 85–105 95–115 105–125 115–135 125–145
[520–655] [585–725] [655–790] [725–860] [790–930] [860–1000]
Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, % 20 19 18 17 16 15
Reduction of area, min, % 50 50 47 45 43 43
Charpy V-notch impact, room temperature, ft·lbf [J], min 50 [68] 50 [68] 45 [61] 45 [61] 40 [54] 40 [54]
Transition temperature, FATT , °F [°C], max 0 [–18] 0 [–18] 0 [–18] 0 [–18] 10 [–12] 10 [–12]
Brinell hardness number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Class 10 Class 11 Class 12 Class 13 Class 14
Class 10 Class 11 Class 12 Class 13 Class 14
Tensile strength, min, ksi [MPa] 105 100 110 125 125
[725] [690] [760] [860] [860]
Yield strength, ksi [MPa]
0.2 % offset 90–105 . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
[620–725] . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.02 % offset 85–100 75–95 85–105 105–125 105–125
[585–690] [515–655] [585–725] [725–860] [725–860]
Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, % 15 20.0 18.0 16.0 18.0
Reduction of area, min, % 30 50.0 48.0 45.0 45.0
Charpy V-notch impact, room temperature, ft·lbf [J], min 10 [14] 15 [20] 15 [20] 15 [20] 15 [20]
A A A A
Transition temperature, FATT , °F [°C], max 200 [95]
Brinell hardness number . . . 207–255 229–269 255–302 255–302
A
Not required.
A471/A471M − 09 (2014)
6.5 Removal of Test Specimens—Removal of mechanical test specimens shall be done after all heat treatment, including the
stress relief when required, has been completed. Test material shall not be separated from the forging until after the quench and
temper cycles. If separated prior to a required stress relief cycle, test material sufficient to satisfy 6.4 and of the proper orientation
shall be included with the stress relief cycle of the forgings and subsequently tested.
7. Nondestructive Test Requirements
7.1 General Requirements—The forgings shall be free from cracks, seams, laps, shrinkage, and other similar imperfections.
7.2 Ultrasonic Inspection—An ultrasonic inspection of the forgings shall be made on all available surfaces to demonstrate
freedom from detrimental internal indications. In making the ultrasonic inspection, reference shall be made to Practice
A388/A388M. Acceptance level shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and manufacturer.
7.3 Other nondestructive test methods such as dye penetrant, sulfur printing, or etching may be used upon request of the
purchaser to evaluate the forging.
8. Dimensions and Tolerances
8.1 The forgings shall conform to the dimensions and tolerances specified on the purchaser’s drawing or order.
9. Finish and Appearance
9.1 The forgings shall conform to the finish specified on the purchaser’s drawing and shall have a good workmanlike
appearance.
10. Retests
10.1 If the results of the mechanical tests do not conform to the requirements specified, retests are permit
...