ASTM A312/A312M-12a
(Specification)Standard Specification for Seamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes
Standard Specification for Seamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes
ABSTRACT
This guide covers standard specification for seamless, straight-seam welded, and cold worked welded austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosive service. Several grades of steel shall conform to the required chemical composition for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, titanium, columbium, tantalum, nitrogen, vanadium, copper, cerium, boron, aluminum, and others. All pipes shall be furnished in the heat-treated condition in accordance with the required heat treating temperature and cooling/testing requirements. Tensile properties of the material shall conform to the prescribed tensile strength and yield strength. The steel pipe shall undergo mechanical tests such as transverse or longitudinal tension test and flattening test. Grain size determination and weld decay tests shall be performed. Each pipe shall also be subjected to the nondestructive electric test or the hydrostatic test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers seamless, straight-seam welded, and heavily cold worked welded austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosive service. Note 1—When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature service would be 15 ft·lbf [20 J] energy absorption or 15 mils [0.38 mm] lateral expansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades covered by this specification are accepted by certain pressure vessel or piping codes without the necessity of making the actual test. For example, Grades TP304, TP304L, and TP347 are accepted by the ASME Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII Division 1, and by the Chemical Plant and Refinery Piping Code, ANSI B31.3, for service at temperatures as low as −425 °F [−250 °C] without qualification by impact tests. Other AISI stainless steel grades are usually accepted for service temperatures as low as −325 °F [−200 °C] without impact testing. Impact testing may, under certain circumstances, be required. For example, materials with chromium or nickel content outside the AISI ranges, and for material with carbon content exceeding 0.10 %, are required to be impact tested under the rules of ASME Section VIII Division 1 when service temperatures are lower than −50 °F [−45 °C].
1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H, TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H are modifications of Grades TP304, TP309Cb, TP309S, TP310Cb, TP310S, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended for service at temperatures where creep and stress rupture properties are important.
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made and, when desired, it is permitted to specify in the order one or more of these supplementary requirements.
1.4 Table X1.1 lists the standardized dimensions of welded and seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ANSI B36.19. These dimensions are also applicable to heavily cold worked pipe. Pipe having other dimensions is permitted to be ordered and furnished provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification.
1.5 Grades TP321 and TP321H have lower strength requirements for pipe manufactured by the seamless process in nominal wall thicknesses greater than 3/8 in. [9.5 mm].
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order. Note 2—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,” “size...
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Designation:A312/A312M −12a Usedin USDOE-NE standards
Standard Specification for
Seamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic
1
Stainless Steel Pipes
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA312/A312M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* These dimensions are also applicable to heavily cold worked
2 pipe. Pipe having other dimensions is permitted to be ordered
1.1 This specification covers seamless, straight-seam
and furnished provided such pipe complies with all other
welded, and heavily cold worked welded austenitic stainless
requirements of this specification.
steel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosive
service. 1.5 GradesTP321andTP321Hhavelowerstrengthrequire-
ments for pipe manufactured by the seamless process in
NOTE 1—When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature service
3
nominal wall thicknesses greater than ⁄8 in. [9.5 mm].
would be 15 ft·lbf [20 J] energy absorption or 15 mils [0.38 mm] lateral
expansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades covered by this
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
specification are accepted by certain pressure vessel or piping codes
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
without the necessity of making the actual test. For example, Grades
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
TP304, TP304L, and TP347 are accepted by the ASME Pressure Vessel
Code, Section VIII Division 1, and by the Chemical Plant and Refinery system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
Piping Code,ANSI B31.3, for service at temperatures as low as −425 °F
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
[−250 °C] without qualification by impact tests. OtherAISI stainless steel
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
grades are usually accepted for service temperatures as low as −325 °F
standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”
[−200 °C] without impact testing. Impact testing may, under certain
designation of this specification is specified in the order.
circumstances, be required. For example, materials with chromium or
nickel content outside the AISI ranges, and for material with carbon
NOTE 2—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has
contentexceeding0.10%,arerequiredtobeimpacttestedundertherules
been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal
of ASME Section VIII Division 1 when service temperatures are lower
diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”
than −50 °F [−45 °C].
1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H,
2. Referenced Documents
TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H are
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
modifications of GradesTP304,TP309Cb,TP309S,TP310Cb,
A262Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular
TP310S, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended
Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
for service at temperatures where creep and stress rupture
A370Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
properties are important.
of Steel Products
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for
A941TerminologyRelatingtoSteel,StainlessSteel,Related
pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These
Alloys, and Ferroalloys
supplementaryrequirementscallforadditionalteststobemade
A999/A999MSpecification for General Requirements for
and, when desired, it is permitted to specify in the order one or
Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
more of these supplementary requirements.
A1016/A1016MSpecification for General Requirements for
Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stainless
1.4 Table X1.1 lists the standardized dimensions of welded
Steel Tubes
and seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ANSI B36.19.
E112Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
E381Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,
1 Blooms, and Forgings
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloysand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2012. Published November 2012. Originally
3
approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as A312/A312M–12. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DOI: 10.1520/A0312_A0312M-12a. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- Standards vo
...
Designation: A312/A312M − 12 A312/A312M − 12a Used in USDOE-NE standards
Standard Specification for
Seamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic
1
Stainless Steel Pipes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A312/A312M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 This specification covers seamless, straight-seam welded, and heavily cold worked welded austenitic stainless steel pipe
intended for high-temperature and general corrosive service.
NOTE 1—When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature service would be 15 ft·lbf [20 J] energy absorption or 15 mils [0.38 mm] lateral
expansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades covered by this specification are accepted by certain pressure vessel or piping codes without the
necessity of making the actual test. For example, Grades TP304, TP304L, and TP347 are accepted by the ASME Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII
Division 1, and by the Chemical Plant and Refinery Piping Code, ANSI B31.3, for service at temperatures as low as −425 °F [−250 °C] without
qualification by impact tests. Other AISI stainless steel grades are usually accepted for service temperatures as low as −325 °F [−200 °C] without impact
testing. Impact testing may, under certain circumstances, be required. For example, materials with chromium or nickel content outside the AISI ranges,
and for material with carbon content exceeding 0.10 %, are required to be impact tested under the rules of ASME Section VIII Division 1 when service
temperatures are lower than −50 °F [−45 °C].
1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H, TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H are modifications
of Grades TP304, TP309Cb, TP309S, TP310Cb, TP310S, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended for service at
temperatures where creep and stress rupture properties are important.
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These
supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made and, when desired, it is permitted to specify in the order one or
more of these supplementary requirements.
1.4 Table X1.1 lists the standardized dimensions of welded and seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ANSI B36.19. These
dimensions are also applicable to heavily cold worked pipe. Pipe having other dimensions is permitted to be ordered and furnished
provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification.
1.5 Grades TP321 and TP321H have lower strength requirements for pipe manufactured by the seamless process in nominal
3
wall thicknesses greater than ⁄8 in. [9.5 mm].
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. The
inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order.
NOTE 2—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,”
“size,” and “nominal size.”
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys
A999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
A1016/A1016M Specification for General Requirements for Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stainless Steel
Tubes
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets, Blooms, and Forgings
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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A312/A312M − 12a
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2.2 ANSI Standards:
B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose
B36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
B36.19 Stainless Steel Pipe
2.3 ASME Standard:
5
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code : Section VIII
2.4 AWS Standard:
6
A5.9 Corrosion-Resisting Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Steel Welding Rods and Electrodes
2.5 Other Standard:
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SAE J1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys
...
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