ASTM D5770-11(2017)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Semiquantitative Micro Determination of Acid Number of Lubricating Oils During Oxidation Testing
Standard Test Method for Semiquantitative Micro Determination of Acid Number of Lubricating Oils During Oxidation Testing
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a semiquantitative estimate of the acid number of lubricating oils obtained from laboratory oxidation tests using smaller amounts of sample than Test Methods D974, D664, or D3339. It has specific application in Test Method D943 and in Test Method D4871. This test method, therefore, provides a means of monitoring the relative oxidation of lubricating oils by measuring changes in acid number, at different time intervals and under various oxidizing test conditions.
5.2 Since this test method is semiquantitative, each laboratory shall develop its own criteria for each oxidation test method for determining when to switch from this semiquantitative test method to a more precise test method for acid number.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is a semiquantitative micro method intended for monitoring the changes in acidic constituents occurring in lubricating oils during oxidation testing, when the acid number of such oils falls within the range from 0.02 mg to 1.0 mg of potassium hydroxide per gram of sample. It is applicable to such oils as turbine oils, hydraulic oils, and other circulating oils.
Note 1: This test method is a micro version of Test Method D974 and it produces results similar to that method.
1.2 This test method is designed for use where sample size is limited. It shall not be used as a replacement for higher precision methods such as Test Methods D974 or D664. It shall not be used to monitor oils in-service.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Designation: D5770 − 11 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
Semiquantitative Micro Determination of Acid Number of
1
Lubricating Oils During Oxidation Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5770; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products
by Potentiometric Titration
1.1 This test method is a semiquantitative micro method
D943 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited
intended for monitoring the changes in acidic constituents
Mineral Oils
occurring in lubricating oils during oxidation testing, when the
D974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-
acid number of such oils falls within the range from 0.02 mg to
Indicator Titration
1.0 mg of potassium hydroxide per gram of sample. It is
D3339 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products
applicable to such oils as turbine oils, hydraulic oils, and other
by Semi-Micro Color Indicator Titration
circulating oils.
D4871 Guide for Universal Oxidation/Thermal Stability
NOTE 1—This test method is a micro version of Test Method D974 and
Test Apparatus
it produces results similar to that method.
1.2 This test method is designed for use where sample size
3. Terminology
is limited. It shall not be used as a replacement for higher
3.1 Definitions:
precision methods such as Test Methods D974 or D664. It shall
3.1.1 acid number, n—the quantity of a specified base,
not be used to monitor oils in-service.
expressed in milligrams of potassium hydroxide per gram of
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
sample, required to titrate a sample in a specified solvent to a
standard.
specified endpoint using a specified detection system.
1.3.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for
3.1.1.1 Discussion—In this test method, the acid number is
information only.
calculated from the number of drops required to produce a
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
change in solution color from blue-green to orange, compared
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
to the number of drops required to produce an identical color
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
change using a reference standard. Because this is a direct
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
comparison method, the acid number value can be reported in
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
milligrams of potassium hydroxide per gram of sample.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4. Summary of Test Method
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.1 A 2.0 mL portion of the titration solution is titrated with
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
a sample using a dropping pipet. The number of drops of
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
sample required to turn the blue-green titration solution to a
persistent orange color is noted.
2. Referenced Documents
2
4.2 A second 2.0 mL portion of the titration solution is
2.1 ASTM Standards:
titrated with an acid number reference solution of known acid
number. The number of drops of the reference solution
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
required to turn the blue-green titration solution to a persistent
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
orange color is noted.
Subcommittee D02.06 on Analysis of Liquid Fuels and Lubricants.
Current edition approved May 1, 2017. Published June 2017. Originally
4.3 The estimated acid number of the sample is calculated
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D5770 – 11. DOI:
10.1520/D5770-11R17.
using the acid number of the reference solution and the ratio of
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
the number of drops of the reference solution required to effect
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
the color change to the number of drops of the sample required
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. for the same change.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D5770 − 11 (2017)
5. Significance and Use 7.4 D
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5770 − 11 D5770 − 11 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
Semiquantitative Micro Determination of Acid Number of
1
Lubricating Oils During Oxidation Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5770; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*Scope
1.1 This test method is a semiquantitative micro method intended for monitoring the changes in acidic constituents occurring
in lubricating oils during oxidation testing, when the acid number of such oils falls within the range from 0.020.02 mg to 1.0 mg
1.0 mg of potassium hydroxide per gram of sample. It is applicable to such oils as turbine oils, hydraulic oils, and other circulating
oils.
NOTE 1—This test method is a micro version of Test Method D974 and it produces results similar to that method.
1.2 This test method is designed for use where sample size is limited. It shall not be used as a replacement for higher precision
methods such as Test Methods D974 or D664. It shall not be used to monitor oils in-service.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
D943 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oils
D974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
D3339 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Semi-Micro Color Indicator Titration
D4871 Guide for Universal Oxidation/Thermal Stability Test Apparatus
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 acid number, n—the quantity of a specified base, expressed in milligrams of potassium hydroxide per gram of sample,
required to titrate a sample in a specified solvent to a specified endpoint using a specified detection system.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.06 on Analysis of Liquid Fuels and Lubricants.
Current edition approved May 15, 2011May 1, 2017. Published July 2011June 2017. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20072011 as
D5770–02(2007).D5770 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/D5770-11.10.1520/D5770-11R17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
In this test method, the acid number is calculated from the number of drops required to produce a change in solution color from
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5770 − 11 (2017)
blue-green to orange, compared to the number of drops required to produce an identical color change using a reference standard.
Because this is a direct comparison method, the acid number value can be reported in milligrams of potassium hydroxide per gram
of sample.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A 2.0-mL2.0 mL portion of the titration solution is titrated with a sample using a dropping pipet. The number of drops of
sample required to turn the blue-green titration solution to a persistent orange color is noted.
4.2 A second 2.0-mL2.0 mL portion of the titration solution is titrated with an acid number reference solution of known acid
number. The number
...
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