ASTM D4060-14

Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abraser

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Coating on substrates can be damaged by abrasion during manufacturing and service. This test method has been useful in evaluating the abrasion resistance of coatings. Ratings produced by this test method have correlated well with ratings produced by the falling abrasive values in Test Methods D968.  
5.2 For some materials, abrasion tests utilizing the Taber Abraser may be subject to variation due to changes in the abrasive characteristics of the wheel during testing. Depending on abrading type and test specimen, the wheel surface may change (that is, become clogged) due to the adhesion of debris generated during the test and must be refaced at more frequent intervals as agreed upon by the interested parties. To determine if more frequent refacing is required, plot the total weight loss every 50 cycles. If a significant negative change in slope is observed prior to 500 cycles, the point at which the slope changes determines the refacing frequency.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance of organic coatings to abrasion produced by the Taber Abraser on coatings applied to a plane, rigid surface, such as a metal panel.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard, with the exception of mils when determining coating thickness.  
1.3 This standard is similar in content (but not technically equivalent) to ISO 7784–2.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2014
• ICS: 25.220.60 - Organic coatings
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.23 - Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D4060 − 14
Standard Test Method for
Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber
1
Abraser
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4060; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
Ferrous Metals and Nonmagnetic, Nonconductive Coat-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resis-
ings Applied to Non-Ferrous Metals
tance of organic coatings to abrasion produced by the Taber
G195 Guide for Conducting Wear Tests Using a Rotary
Abraser on coatings applied to a plane, rigid surface, such as a
Platform Abraser
metal panel.
2.2 Other Standards:
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
ISO 7784–2 Paints and varnishes—Determination of resis-
standard, with the exception of mils when determining coating
tance to abrasion—Part 2: Rotating abrasive rubber wheel
thickness.
3
method
1.3 This standard is similar in content (but not technically
equivalent) to ISO 7784–2.
3. Terminology
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.1 Abrasion resistance can be expressed as one or more
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of the following terms:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.2 wear index, n—1000 times the loss in weight in
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
milligrams per cycle.
3.1.3 weight loss, n—the loss in weight in milligrams,
2. Referenced Documents
determined at a specified number of cycles.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.4 wear cycles per mil, n—the number of cycles of
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
abrasionrequiredtowearafilmthroughtothesubstratepermil
of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
(0.001 in.) of film thickness.
D968 Test Methods for Abrasion Resistance of Organic
Coatings by Falling Abrasive
4. Summary of Test Method
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick-
4.1 The organic coating is applied at uniform thickness to a
ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
plane,rigidpaneland,aftercuring,thesurfaceisabradedusing
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hard-
rotary rubbing action under controlled conditions of pressure
ness
and abrasive action.The test specimen, mounted on a turntable
D3924 Specification for Standard Environment for Condi-
platform, turns on a vertical axis, against the sliding rotation of
tioning and Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related
two abrading wheels. One abrading wheel rubs the specimen
Materials
outward toward the periphery and the other, inward toward the
D7091 Practice for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry
center. The resulting abrasion marks form a pattern of crossed
2
arcs over an area of approximately 30 cm .
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
4.2 Abrasion resistance is calculated as loss in weight at a
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
specified number of abrasion cycles, as loss in weight per
Subcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films.
cycle, or as number of cycles required to remove a unit amount
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014. Published January 2015. Originally
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D4060 – 10. DOI: of coating thickness.
10.1520/D4060–14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D4060 − 14
Note: Vacuum Suction System not shown.
FIG. 1 Taber Abraser
5. Significance and Use gareavailabletoreducetheloadagainstthespecimen,andcan
be used with or without the auxiliary masses.
5.1 Coating on substrates can be damaged by abrasion
during manufacturing and service. This test method has been
NOTE 1—Without auxiliary masses or counterweights, each arm will
usefulinevaluatingtheabrasio
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4060 − 10 D4060 − 14
Standard Test Method for
Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber
1
Abraser
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4060; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance of organic coatings to abrasion produced by the Taber Abraser
on coatings applied to a plane, rigid surface, such as a metal panel.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard, with the exception of mils when determining coating
thickness. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard is similar in content (but not technically equivalent) to ISO 7784–2.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
D968 Test Methods for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by Falling Abrasive
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thickness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hardness
D3924 Specification for Standard Environment for Conditioning and Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Materials
D7091 Practice for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to Ferrous Metals
and Nonmagnetic, Nonconductive Coatings Applied to Non-Ferrous Metals
G195 Guide for Conducting Wear Tests Using a Rotary Platform Abraser
2.2 Other Standards:
3
ISO 7784–2 Paints and varnishes—Determination of resistance to abrasion—Part 2: Rotating abrasive rubber wheel method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 Abrasion resistance can be expressed as one or more of the following terms:
3.1.2 wear index, n—1000 times the loss in weight in milligrams per cycle.
3.1.3 weight loss, n—the loss in weight in milligrams, determined at a specified number of cycles.
3.1.4 wear cycles per mil, n—the number of cycles of abrasion required to wear a film through to the substrate per mil (0.001
in.) of film thickness.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The organic coating is applied at uniform thickness to a plane, rigid panel and, after curing, the surface is abraded by rotating
the panel under weighted abrasive wheels.using rotary rubbing action under controlled conditions of pressure and abrasive action.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2010Dec. 1, 2014. Published February 2010January 2015. Originally approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 20072010 as
D4060 – 07.D4060 – 10. DOI: 10.1520/D4060–10.10.1520/D4060–14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4060 − 14
The test specimen, mounted on a turntable platform, turns on a vertical axis, against the sliding rotation of two abrading wheels.
One abrading wheel rubs the specimen outward toward the periphery and the other, inward toward the center. The resulting
2
abrasion marks form a pattern of crossed arcs over an area of approximately 30 cm .
4.2 Abrasion resistance is calculated as loss in weight at a specified number of abrasion cycles, as loss in weight pe
...