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ASTM D3950-16

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)

Standard Specification for Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)

ABSTRACT
This specification covers nonmetallic strapping and joining methods for closing, reinforcing, and bundling materials for shipment, unitizing, palletizing, and bracing for car and truck loading. The strappings are classified into five types according to the type of materials used. If necessary, seals and buckles made from steel with zinc, black iron oxide, or any equivalent corrosion protective coatings or plastic buckles may be used. Each sample should be collected and tested using the given procedures and should conform to the required values of breaking strength and elongation, transverse strength, and joint strength, when applicable, for each strapping type.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers nonmetallic strapping and joining methods intended for use in closing, reinforcing, and bundling articles for shipment, unitizing, palletizing, and bracing for car loading and truck loading.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 12, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Mar-2016
ICS
55.040 - Packaging materials and accessories
Technical Committee
D10 - Packaging
Drafting Committee
D10.25 - Palletizing and Unitizing of Loads
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D3950-12a - Standard Specification for Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)
Effective Date
15-Mar-2016
Replaced By
ASTM D3950-17 - Standard Specification for Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)
Effective Date
01-Sep-2017
Referred By
ASTM B660-21 - Standard Practices for Packaging/Packing of Aluminum and Magnesium Products
Effective Date
15-Mar-2016
Referred By
ASTM D4675-14a(2022) - Standard Guide for Selection and Use of Flat Strapping Materials<sup>1</sup>
Effective Date
15-Mar-2016
Referred By
ASTM D5118/D5118M-22 - Standard Practice for Fabrication of Fiberboard Shipping Boxes
Effective Date
15-Mar-2016
Referred By
ASTM D5168-22 - Standard Practice for Fabrication and Closure of Triple-Wall Corrugated Fiberboard Containers
Effective Date
15-Mar-2016
Referred By
ASTM D1974/D1974M-22 - Standard Practice for Methods of Closing, Sealing, and Reinforcing Fiberboard Boxes
Effective Date
15-Mar-2016
Referred By
ASTM D4727/D4727M-22 - Standard Specification for Corrugated and Solid Fiberboard Sheet Stock (Container Grade) and Cut Shapes
Effective Date
15-Mar-2016
Referred By
ASTM D8505/D8505M-23 - Standard Specification for Basalt and Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
Effective Date
15-Mar-2016
Referred By
ASTM A700-14(2019) - Standard Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products for Shipment
Effective Date
15-Mar-2016

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ASTM D3950-16 - Standard Specification for Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)ASTM D3950-16 - Standard Specification for Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)
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REDLINE ASTM D3950-16 - Standard Specification for Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)REDLINE ASTM D3950-16 - Standard Specification for Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)
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REDLINE ASTM D3950-16 - Standard Specification for Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D3950 −16
Standard Specification for
1
Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3950; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
3.1 For general definitions of packaging and distribution
1.1 This specification covers nonmetallic strapping and
environments, see Terminology D996.
joining methods intended for use in closing, reinforcing, and
bundling articles for shipment, unitizing, palletizing, and
4. Classification
bracing for car loading and truck loading.
4.1 Types and Grades:
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Type I — Strapping, bonded rayon cord.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
Grade 1—Light duty.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
Grade 2—Regular duty.
Grade 3—Heavy duty.
and are not considered standard.
Type IA — Strapping, Bonded, Composite or Woven polyester cord.
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
Grade 1—Light duty.
Grade 2—Regular duty.
test method portion, Section 12, of this specification: This
Grade 3—Heavy duty.
standarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,
Grade 4—Extra heavy duty.
ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuser
Grade 5—Special duty.
Grade 6—Special duty.
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
Grade 7—Special duty.
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
Type II — Strapping, polypropylene plastic.
tions prior to use.
Type III — Strapping, nylon plastic.
Type IV — Strapping, polyester plastic.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Ordering Information
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 The inquiry and order shall indicate the following:
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
5.1.1 Type, grade, and dimensions required (see 4.1 and
ments
7.1),
D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
5.1.2 Length per coil (see 8.1),
D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or
5.1.3 Joining method (see 6.2), type and size required (if
Packaging Components for Testing
needed),
5.1.4 If an embossed finish on strapping is desired or
2.2 Other Standards:
allowed (see Footnote in Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3),
ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for
3
5.1.5 Make and model of strapping equipment that the
Inspection by Attributes
strapping and joining method must work in, if applicable,
ANSI/ASQC Z1.9 Sampling Procedures and Tables for In-
3
spection by Variables for Percent Nonconforming 5.1.6 Coil dimensions (see 8.1),
5.1.7 Level of packaging and packing if other than commer-
cial (see Section 15), and
5.1.8 ASTM designation and date of issue.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on
Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.25 on Palletizing
6. Materials and Manufacture
and Unitizing of Loads.
Current edition approved March 15, 2016. Published April 2016. Originally
6.1 Materials shall be of the quality necessary to meet the
approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D3950 – 12a. DOI:
physical requirements within the allowable dimensions.
10.1520/D3950-16.
2
6.1.1 Type I—Strapping shall consist of longitudinal rayon
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
cords bonded with a plastic binder so that a nonwoven material
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
is formed.
the ASTM website.
3
6.1.1.1 Type IA—Strapping shall consist of longitudinal
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org. polyester cords either bonded with a plastic binder to form a
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3950−16
TABLE 1 Breaking Strength of Type II Strapping (PP)
Nominal Width Nominal Thickness
Minimum
0.0250 in. (0.635 mm) thick or less, ±0.0025 in. (±0.06 mm)
Breaking Strength
±0.030 in. (±0.76 mm)
>0.0250 in. thick, ±0.0030 in. (±0.08 mm)
A B
in. (mm) in. (mm) lbf (N)
0.0120 (0.30) 80 (355)
3
⁄16 (5)
0.0145 (0.37) 100 (445)
0.0130 (0.033) 135 (600)
0.0135 (0.34) 130 (580)
0.0140 (0.36) 155 (690)
1
⁄4 (6)
0.0150 and 0.0160 (0.38 and 0.41) 180 (800)
0.0173 (0.44) 190 (845)
0.0250 (0.64) 200 (890)
0.0130 (0.33) 200
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3950 − 12a D3950 − 16
Standard Specification for
1
Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3950; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers nonmetallic strapping and joining methods intended for use in closing, reinforcing, and bundling
articles for shipment, unitizing, palletizing, and bracing for car loading and truck loading.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 12, of this specification:This standard
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environments
D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or Packaging Components for Testing
2.2 Other Standards:
3
ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Attributes
3
ANSI/ASQC Z1.9 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Variables for Percent Nonconforming
3. Terminology
3.1 For general definitions of packaging and distribution environments, see Terminology D996.
4. Classification
4.1 Types and Grades:
Type I — Strapping, bonded rayon cord.
Grade 1—Light duty.
Grade 2—Regular duty.
Grade 3—Heavy duty.
Type IA — Strapping, Bonded, Composite or Woven polyester cord.
Grade 1—Light duty.
Grade 2—Regular duty.
Grade 3—Heavy duty.
Grade 4—Extra heavy duty.
Grade 5—Special duty.
Grade 6—Special duty.
Grade 7—Special duty.
Type II — Strapping, polypropylene plastic.
Type III — Strapping, nylon plastic.
Type IV — Strapping, polyester plastic.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.25 on Palletizing and Unitizing
of Loads.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012March 15, 2016. Published December 2012April 2016. Originally approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 20112012
as D3950 – 11.D3950 – 12a. DOI: 10.1520/D3950-12A.10.1520/D3950-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3950 − 16
5. Ordering Information
5.1 The inquiry and order shall indicate the following:
5.1.1 Type, grade, and dimensions required (see 4.1 and 7.1),
5.1.2 Length per coil (see 8.1),
5.1.3 Joining method (see 6.2), type and size required (if needed),
5.1.4 If an embossed finish on strapping is desired or allowed (see Footnote in Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3),
5.1.5 Make and model of strapping equipment that the strapping and joining method must work in, if applicable,
5.1.6 Coil dimensions (see 8.1),
5.1.7 Level of packaging and packing if other than commercial (see Section 15), and
5.1.8 ASTM designation and date of issue.
6. Materials and Manufacture
6.1 Materials shall be of the quality necessary to meet the physical requirements within the allowable dimensions.
6.1.1 Type I—Strapping shall consist of longitudinal rayon cords bonded with a plastic binder so that a nonwoven material is
formed.
6.1.1.1 Type IA—Strapping shall consist of longitudinal polyester cords either bonded with a plastic binder to form a nonwoven
material (Bonded); or encased in a polypropylene extrusion (Composite); or woven with a weft thread and treated with a plastic
binder to
...

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1.5 The following safety hazards caveat applies only to the test method portion, Sections 11, 12, and 13, of this specification:  
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D4279-95(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Shipping Containers—Constant and Cycle Methods

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods are normally used for the following purposes:  
4.1.1 To evaluate materials and constructions for a specific type of container,  
4.1.2 To compare performance of different types of containers,  
4.1.3 To determine adequacy of protection for a specific product or application, and  
4.1.4 To maintain quality control.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of water vapor transmission rates for bulk shipping containers, as follows:  
1.1.1 Method A, for Reclosable Containers, and  
1.1.2 Method B, for Containers Not Designed for Reclosing.  
1.2 Within each procedure details are given for the constant and cycle methods of test atmosphere.  
1.3 The test may be applied to the container as packed, or after one or more performance tests such as drum (Method D782), vibration (Methods D999), drop (Test Method D5276), impact resistance (Test Methods D880, D4003, and D5277), or performance tests (Practice D4169), as required.  
1.4 For small shipping containers requiring greater accuracy in weighing, the water vapor transmission may be determined in accordance with Test Method D895 or Test Method D1251.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D5168-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Fabrication and Closure of Triple-Wall Corrugated Fiberboard Containers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Triple-wall corrugated fiberboard containers are used to unitize products into containers of size and shape suitable for manual or mechanical handling and to protect the contents against environmental, handling, shipping, and storage conditions.  
4.2 This practice is intended to cover some of the basic constructions and styles of commercially available triple-wall fiberboard packaging used to unitize and protect contents.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the fabrication and closure of new triple-wall corrugated fiberboard containers.  
1.2 This practice indicates the factors and components that must be controlled in the manufacture of triple-wall fiberboard containers.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    7 pages
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  • Standard
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off