ASTM F15-98

Standard Specification for Iron-Nickel-Cobalt Sealing Alloy

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers an iron-nickel-cobalt alloy, UNS K94610 containing nominally 29% nickel, 17% cobalt, and 53% iron, in the forms of wire, rod, bar, strip, sheet, and tubing, intended primarily for sealing to glass in electronic applications.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 The following hazard caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Sections 14 and 15 of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-May-1998
• ICS: 77.120.40 - Nickel, chromium and their alloys
• Technical Committee: F01 - Electronics
• Drafting Committee: F01.03 - Metallic Materials, Wire Bonding, and Flip Chip

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM F15-04 - Standard Specification for Iron-Nickel-Cobalt Sealing Alloy
• Effective Date: 01-May-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F105-72(2019) - Standard Specification for Type 58 Borosilicate Sealing Glass
• Effective Date: 10-May-1998
• Referred By: ASTM F144-80(2019) - Standard Practice for Making Reference Glass-Metal Sandwich Seal and Testing for Expansion Characteristics by Polarimetric Methods
• Effective Date: 10-May-1998
• Referred By: ASTM F375-20 - Standard Specification for Integrated Circuit Lead Frame Material (Withdrawn 2023)
• Effective Date: 10-May-1998
• Referred By: ASTM F140-98(2020) - Standard Practice for Making Reference Glass-Metal Butt Seals and Testing for Expansion Characteristics by Polarimetric Methods
• Effective Date: 10-May-1998
• Referred By: ASTM F14-80(2019) - Standard Practice for Making and Testing Reference Glass-Metal Bead-Seal
• Effective Date: 10-May-1998
• Referred By: ASTM F85-76(2018) - Standard Practice for Nomenclature for Wire Leads Used as Conductors in Electron Tubes (Withdrawn 2023)
• Effective Date: 10-May-1998

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F 15 – 98
Standard Specification for
Iron-Nickel-Cobalt Sealing Alloy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 15; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Polarimetric Methods
1.1 This specification covers an iron-nickel-cobalt alloy,
3. Ordering Information
UNS K94610 containing nominally 29 % nickel, 17 % cobalt,
3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include
and 53 % iron, in the forms of wire, rod, bar, strip, sheet, and
the following information:
tubing, intended primarily for sealing to glass in electronic
3.1.1 Size,
applications.
3.1.2 Temper (Section 6),
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1.3 Surface finish (Section 10),
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
3.1.4 Marking and packaging (Section 17), and
information only.
3.1.5 Certification if required.
1.3 The following hazard caveat pertains only to the test
method portion, Sections 13 and 14 of this specification. This
4. Chemical Requirements
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
4.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as to
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
5. Surface Lubricants
tions prior to use.
5.1 All lubricants used during cold-working operations,
such as drawing, rolling, or spinning, shall be capable of being
2. Referenced Documents
removed readily by any of the common organic degreasing
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2 solvents.
E 3 Methods of Preparation of Metallographic Specimens
E 8 Test Methods of Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
6. Temper
E 18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell
6.1 The desired temper of the material shall be specified in
Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials
the purchase order.
E 112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
6.2 Tube—Unless otherwise agreed upon by the supplier or
E 228 Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid
manufacturer and the purchaser, these forms shall be given a
Materials with a Vitreous Silica Dilatometer
final bright anneal by the manufacturer and supplied in the
F 14 Practice for Making and Testing Reference Glass-
annealed temper.
Metal Bead-Seal
6.3 Strip and Sheet— These forms shall be supplied in one
F 140 Practice for Making Reference Glass-Metal Butt
of the tempers given in Table 2 or in deep-drawing temper, as
Seals and Testing for Expansion Characteristics by Polari-
specified.
metric Methods
6.4 Wire and Rod— These forms shall be supplied in one of
F 144 Practice for Making Reference Glass-Metal Sand-
the tempers given in Table 3 as specified. Unless otherwise
wich Seal and Testing for Expansion Characteristics by
specified, the material shall be bright annealed and supplied in
temper A (annealed).
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F01 on
7. Grain Size
Electronics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F01.03 on Metallic
Materials.
7.1 Strip and sheet for deep drawing shall have an average
Current edition approved May 10, 1998. Published November 1998. Originally
grain size not larger than ASTM No. 5 (Note 1), and no more
published as F 15 – 61 T. Last previous edition F 15 – 95.
than 10 % of the grains shall be larger than No. 5 when
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
measured in accordance with Test Methods E 112.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.02.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F 15–98
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
9.2.1 Tensile strength shall be the basis for acceptance or
Element Composition, % rejection for the tempers given in Table 3 and shall conform to
A
the requirements prescribed.
Iron, nominal 53
A
Nickel, nominal 29
9.2.2 The test shall be performed in accordance with Test
A
Cobalt, nominal 17
Method E 8.
Manganese, max 0.50
Silicon, max 0.20
10. Surface Finish
Carbon, max 0.04
B
Aluminum, max 0.10
10.1 The standard surface finishes available shall be those
B
Magnesium, max 0.10
B
resulting from the following operations:
Zirconium, max 0.10
B
Titanium, max 0.10
10.1.1 Hot rolling,
Copper, max 0.20
10.1.2 Forging,
Chromium, max 0.20
10.1.3 Centerless grinding (rod),
Molybdenum, max 0.20
A 10.1.4 Belt polishing,
The iron, nickel, and cobalt requirements listed are nominal. They shall be
adjusted by the manufacturer so that the alloy meets the requirements for 10.1.5 Cold rolling, and
coefficient of thermal expansion given in Table 4.
10.1.6 Wire drawing.
B
The total of aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, and titanium shall not exceed
0.20 %.
11. Thermal Expansion Characteristics
11.1 The average linear coefficients of thermal expansion
TABLE 2 Tensile Strength Requirements for Sheet and Strip
shall be within the limits specified in Table 4.
Temper
Temper Name Tensile Strength, ksi(MPa)
Designation
12. Test for Thermal Expansion
A annealed 82 max (570 max)
12.1 Heat the specimen in a hydrogen atmosphere for1hat
B ⁄4 hard 75 to 90 (520 to 630)
C half hard 85 to 100 (590 to 700)
900°C, followed by 15 min at 1100°C. Between the 900 and
D ⁄4 hard 95 to 110 (660 to 770)
1100°C heat-treatment periods, the specimen may be cooled to
E hard 100 min (700 min)
room temperature if desired. Cool the specimen from 1100 to
200°C in the hydrogen atmosphere at a rate not to exceed
5°C/min.
TABLE 3 Tensile Strength Requirements for Wire and Rod
12.2 Determine the thermal expansion characteristics in
Temper Designation Tensile Strength, ksi (MPa)
accordance with Test Method E 228.
A 85 (585) max
B 85 to 105 (585 to 725)
NOTE 2—For critical glass sealing applications, it is recommended that
C 95 to 115 (655 to 795)
the user conduct functional testing in accordance with Practices F 14,
D 105 to 125 (725 to 860)
F 140 or F 144. Such tests circumvent possible problems with thermal
E 125 (860) min
expansion measurements and glass setting point estimates.
13. Transformation
13.1 The temperature of the gamma-to-alpha transformation
NOTE 1—This corresponds to a grain size of 0.065 mm, or 16
shall be below −78.5°C when the material is tested in accor-
grains/in. of image at 100 3 .
dance with Section 14. However, for material whose smallest
8. Hardness
dimension is over ⁄8 in. (22.2 mm), some localized transfor-
mation, acceptable to the purchaser, may be tolerated.
8.1 Deep-Drawing Temper—For deep drawing, the hard-
ness shall not exceed 82 HRB for material 0.100 in. (2.54 mm)
14. Test for Transformation
and less in thickness and 85 HRB for material over 0.100 in. in
14.1 Cut the specimen from any part of the material, but
thickness when determined in accordance with Test Methods
preferably including the entire cross section, degrease it, then
E 18.
heat treat it as described in 12.1. When cool, polish the cross
8.2 Rolled and Annealed Tempers—Hardness tests when
section of the specimen and etch (Note 3) it in accordance with
properly applied can be indicative of tensile strength. Hardness
Method E 3. Then subject the specimen to the temperature
scales and ranges for these tempers, if desirable, shall be
produced by an excess of dry ice in acetone (−78.5°C) for at
negotiated between supplier and purchaser.
least 4 h. After the low-temperature treatment, examine the
specimen at a mangification of 1503 for the presence of the
9. Tensile Strength
acicular crystals characteristic of the alpha phase. Because
9.1 Sheet and Strip:
9.1.1 Tensile strength shall be the basis for acceptance or
TABLE 4 Coefficients of Thermal Expansion
rejection for the tempers given in Table 2 and shall conform
Average Linear Coefficient
A
with the requirements prescribed.
Temperature Range, °C of Thermal Expansion,
μm/m·°C
9.1.2 Tension test specimens shall be taken so the longitu-
30 to 400 4.60 to 5.20
dinal axis is parallel to the direction of rolling and the test shall
30 to 450 5.10 to 5.50
be performed in accordance with Test Methods E 8.
A
Typical thermal expansion data for the alloy covered by these specifications
9.2 Wire and Rod: are provided in Appendix X1.
F 15–98
these crystals may occur only in small localized areas, examine 16. General Requirements
carefully the entire polished cross section.
16.1 The material shall be commercially smooth, uniform in
14.2 Specimens that show no transformation and that show
cross section, in composition, and in temper; it shall be free of
partial transformation are illustrated in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2,
scale, corrosion, cracks, seams, scratches, slivers, and other
respectively.
defects as best commercial practice will permit.
NOTE 3—A suggested etchant is a solution of three parts by volume of 17. Packaging and Marking
concentrated hydrochloric acid and one part of concentrated nitric acid
17.1 Packaging shall be subject to agreement between the
saturated with cupric chloride (CuCl ·2H O). This etchant is more
2 2
purchaser and the seller.
effective when allowed to stand for 20 min after mixing. After several
17.2 The material as furnished under this specification shall
hours it loses its strength and should be discarded at the end of the day.
be identified by the name or symbol of the manufacturer and by
Etching is best accomplished by swabbing the specimen with cotton
soaked with the etchant. Etching is usually complete when the surface of melt number. The lot size for determining compliance with the
the metal appears to have turned dull.
requirements of this specification shall be one heat.
18. Investigation of Claims
15. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
18.1 Where any material fails to
...