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ASTM C270-04a

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Mortar for Unit Masonry

Standard Specification for Mortar for Unit Masonry

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers mortars for use in the construction of non-reinforced and reinforced unit masonry structures. Four types of mortar are covered in each of two alternative specifications: (1) proportion specifications and (2) property specifications.
1.2 The proportion or property specifications shall govern as specified.
1.3 When neither proportion or property specifications are specified, the proportion specifications shall govern, unless data are presented to and accepted by the specifier to show that mortar meets the requirements of the property specifications.
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.5 The terms used in this standard are identified in Standard C 1180.
The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods section of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Aug-2004
ICS
91.100.10 - Cement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar
Technical Committee
C12 - Mortars and Grouts for Unit Masonry
Drafting Committee
C12.03 - Specifications for Mortars
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C270-04 - Standard Specification for Mortar for Unit Masonry
Effective Date
01-Sep-2004
Replaced By
ASTM C270-05 - Standard Specification for Mortar for Unit Masonry
Effective Date
01-Feb-2005
Referred By
ASTM E518/E518M-22 - Standard Test Methods for Flexural Bond Strength of Masonry
Effective Date
01-Sep-2004
Referred By
ASTM C1283-15(2021) - Standard Practice for Installing Clay Flue Lining
Effective Date
01-Sep-2004
Referred By
ASTM E754-80(2022) - Standard Test Method for Pullout Resistance of Ties and Anchors Embedded in Masonry Mortar Joints
Effective Date
01-Sep-2004
Referred By
ASTM D7147-21 - Standard Specification for Testing and Establishing Allowable Loads of Joist Hangers
Effective Date
01-Sep-2004
Referred By
ASTM C1180-22 - Standard Terminology of Mortar and Grout for Unit Masonry
Effective Date
01-Sep-2004
Referred By
ASTM C51-21 - Standard Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as Used by the Industry)
Effective Date
01-Sep-2004
Referred By
ASTM C780-23 - Standard Test Methods for Preconstruction and Construction Evaluation of Mortars for Plain and Reinforced Unit Masonry
Effective Date
01-Sep-2004
Referred By
ASTM C1314-23a - Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Masonry Prisms
Effective Date
01-Sep-2004
Referred By
ASTM C1714/C1714M-23 - Standard Specification for Preblended Dry Mortar Mix for Unit Masonry
Effective Date
01-Sep-2004
Referred By
ASTM C1722-23 - Standard Guide for Repair and Restoration of Dimension Stone
Effective Date
01-Sep-2004
Referred By
ASTM C91/C91M-23 - Standard Specification for Masonry Cement
Effective Date
01-Sep-2004
Referred By
ASTM C1093-23 - Standard Practice for Accreditation of Testing Agencies for Masonry
Effective Date
01-Sep-2004
Referred By
ASTM C1384-18e1 - Standard Specification for Admixtures for Masonry Mortars
Effective Date
01-Sep-2004

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ASTM C270-04a - Standard Specification for Mortar for Unit MasonryASTM C270-04a - Standard Specification for Mortar for Unit Masonry
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ASTM C270-04a - Standard Specification for Mortar for Unit Masonry
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C 270 – 04a
Standard Specification for
1
Mortar for Unit Masonry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 270; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* C110 Test Methods for Physical Testing of Quicklime,
Hydrated Lime, and Limestone
1.1 Thisspecificationcoversmortarsforuseintheconstruc-
C 128 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
tion of non-reinforced and reinforced unit masonry structures.
Gravity), and Absorption of Fine Aggregates
Four types of mortar are covered in each of two alternative
C 144 Specification for Aggregate for Masonry Mortar
specifications: (1) proportion specifications and (2) property
C 150 Specification for Portland Cement
specifications.
C 188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic Cement
1.2 Theproportionorpropertyspecificationsshallgovernas
C 207 Specification for Hydrated Lime for Masonry Pur-
specified.
poses
1.3 When neither proportion or property specifications are
C 305 PracticeforMechanicalMixingofHydraulicCement
specified, the proportion specifications shall govern, unless
Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
data are presented to and accepted by the specifier to show that
C511 Specification for Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and
mortar meets the requirements of the property specifications.
Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of Hydraulic
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
Cements and Concretes
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
C 595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
C 780 Test Method for Preconstruction and Construction
as requirements of the standard.
Evaluation of Mortars for Plain and Reinforced Unit
1.5 The terms used in this standard are identified in Stan-
Masonry
dard C 1180.
C 952 TestMethodforBondStrengthofMortartoMasonry
1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
Units
test methods section of this specification: This standard does
C 1072 Test Method for Measurement of Masonry Flexural
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
Bond Strength
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
C 979 Specification for Pigments for Integrally Colored
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices
Concrete
and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
C 1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement
to use.
C 1180 Terminology of Mortar and Grout for Unit Masonry
2. Referenced Documents C 1324 Test Method for Examination andAnalysis of Hard-
2
ened Masonry Mortar
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C 1329 Specification for Mortar Cement
C5 Specification for Quicklime for Structural Purposes
C 1357 Test Methods for Evaluating Masonry Bond
C91 Specification for Masonry Cement
Strength
C 109 Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic
E72 Test Methods of Conducting Strength Tests of Panels
Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube Speci-
for Building Construction
mens)
E 514 Test Method for Water Penetration and Leakage
Through Masonry
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C12 on E 518 Test Methods for Flexural Bond Strength of Masonry
3
Mortars and Grouts for Unit Masonry and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
2.2 Masonry Industry Council:
mittee C12.03 on Specifications for Mortars.
HotandColdWeatherMasonryConstructionManual, Janu-
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2004. Published October 2004. Originally
ary 1999
approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as C 270–04.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from the Mason Contractors Association of America, 1910 South
the ASTM website. Highland Avenue, Suite 101, Lombard, IL 60148.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C 270 – 04a
3. Specification Limitations 4.1.1.8 Hydrated Lime—Specification C 207, Types S or
SA. Types N or NA limes are permitted if shown by test or
3.1 Specification C 270 is not a specification to determine
performance record to be not detrimental to the soundness of
mortar strengths through field testing.
the mortar.
3.2 Laborato
...

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ABSTRACT
This specification covers unit masonry mortars whose material and design requirements are governed by a referenced ASTM document stated herein, but are preblended dry in a factory instead of produced from individual raw materials delivered to the job-site. Because field sampling, testing, directly comparable test results, packaging, and traceability of ingredients of preblended dry mortar mix differ from job site mixed mortars, this specification particularly addresses these issues, along with the tight control of ingredient ratios possible with preblended dry mortars.
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1.1 This specification covers masonry mortars whose materials and design requirements are governed by Specification C270 but are preblended dry in a factory instead of produced from individual raw materials delivered to the job-site.  
1.2 The field-sampling, testing, directly comparable test results, packaging, and the traceability of ingredients of preblended dry mortar mix differ from job site mixed mortars and this standard specifically addresses these issues. The tight control of ingredient ratios possible with preblended dry mortar is also covered.  
1.3 The text of this specification refers to notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered the requirements of the standard.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
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ASTM C780-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Preconstruction and Construction Evaluation of Mortars for Plain and Reinforced Unit Masonry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 During preconstruction and construction evaluations, use of these test methods establishes specific and overall performance characteristics for the mortar system.  
5.2 Preconstruction testing of mortars prebatched by weight provides information for the selection of the individual mortar system best suited for the masonry to be constructed. The recommended tests and their significance are as follows:  
5.2.1 Consistency determinations by cone penetration (Annex A1) allow gaging the water additions for all mortars included in the preconstruction test series. Even if the mortar consistency as measured at the construction site is at a different penetration value than those measured during the preconstruction tests, the cone preparation test serves to standardize water additions for mortars being considered as alternatives before construction. Additional testing of mortar water content-consistency relationships (Annex A4) will allow relating these two factors to batch-to-batch variations at the construction site.  
5.2.2 Consistency retention by cone penetration (Annex A2) using disturbed or undisturbed mortar samples provides a means of establishing the early-age setting and stiffening characteristics of the mortars. Because laboratory testing is conducted under static climatic conditions, consistency retention test results reflect the relative performance of the mortar systems under test. The same general relationships are expected to hold during testing at the construction project, except as they are influenced by jobsite weather conditions.  
5.2.3 Mortar water-content determinations (Annex A4) allow measurement of the water content of the mortar mixture. Mortars prebatched using moist masonry sand may be mathematically analyzed for mortar water content; however, this test, when used for preconstruction evaluation, establishes the effectiveness of the test method and serves as the control or base for tests performed at the construction site.  
5.2.4 Mortar ...
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1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the sampling and testing of mortars for composition and for their plastic and hardened properties, either before or during their actual use in construction.
Note 1: Guide C1586 provides guidance on evaluating mortar and clarifies the purpose of both these test methods and Specification C270.
Note 2: The testing agency performing these test methods should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.2 Preconstruction Evaluation—These test methods permit comparisons of mortars made from different materials under simulated field conditions. They are also used to establish baseline values for comparative evaluation of field mortars.  
1.3 Construction Evaluation—Use of these methods in the field provide a means for quality assurance of field-mixed mortar. They include methods for verifying the mortar mix proportions, comparing test results for field mortars to preconstruction testing, and determining batch-to-batch uniformity of the mortar.  
1.4 The test results obtained under these test methods are not required to meet the minimum compressive values in accordance with the property specifications in Specification C270.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
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ASTM C1713-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Mortars for the Repair of Historic Masonry

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1.1 This specification covers mortar for the repair of masonry constructed with methods and materials that pre-date the origination of current standards of construction. The mortar may be used for non-structural purposes such as repointing of the masonry, or for structural purposes such as, but not restricted to, re-construction or repair of mortar joints that contribute to the structural integrity of the masonry.  
1.2 Masonry includes the following units laid in mortar: (1) cast stone, (2) clay brick and tile, (3) concrete masonry, (4) natural stone, (5) terra cotta, and (6) calcium silicate.  
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers two types of grout, fine and coarse grout, for use in the construction of masonry structures. Grout is specified by proportions or strength requirements. Materials used as ingredients in grout shall conform to the requirements specified such as: cementitious materials; blended cements; quicklime; hydrated lime; coal fly ash or raw calcine natural pozzolan; granulated blast furnace slag; air-entraining admixtures; aggregates; water; pumping aids; antifreeze compounds; and storage of materials. Fine grout shall be manufactured with fine aggregates. Coarse grout shall be manufactured with a combination of coarse and fine aggregates. Proportions of ingredients shall be determined by grout proportion requirements and by the specified compressive strength. Materials for grout shall be measured in such a way that the required proportions of the grout materials are controlled and accurately measured. Grout shall be produced using one of the following procedures: grout materials mixed with water at the job site and ready-mixed grout transported to the job site.
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1.1 This specification covers two types of grout, fine and coarse grout, for use in the construction of masonry structures. Each type (fine and coarse) is further classified as conventional grout (requiring mechanical consolidation by puddling or vibration when placed) and self-consolidating grout (not requiring mechanical consolidation when placed). Conventional grout is specified by (1) proportions or (2) strength requirements. Self-consolidating grout is specified by strength requirements.  
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4.1 This test method provides a laboratory procedure for determining the relative water absorption properties over time of mortars used for masonry construction. Because the specimens are made under laboratory conditions and do not take into account the effect of the masonry substrate or field mixing procedures, this method is not intended for field use. Data generated from this test method may be useful for determining the relative effectiveness of water repellent admixtures or the effect of other admixtures or mortar components on the water repellency of a mortar. However, use caution in interpreting the results. While the resistance of masonry to water penetration may be related to the water absorption of the mortar, it also depends on other factors, such as the workmanship, extent of bond, and the properties of the masonry units and mortar.
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Standard Terminology of Mortar and Grout for Unit Masonry

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1.1 This terminology covers terms, definitions of terms, descriptions of terms, nomenclature, and explanations of abbreviations, acronyms, and symbols specifically associated with standards under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C12 on Mortars and Grouts for Unit Masonry.  
1.2 The definitions and descriptions of terms in this terminology pertain to Test Methods C780, C1019, C1148, C1324, and C1403; Specifications C144, C270, C404, C476, C887, and C1384; Practice C946; and Guide C1586.  
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ASTM C1019-20(Test Method)
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1.1 This test method covers procedures for both field and laboratory sampling and compression testing of grout used in masonry construction. Grout for masonry is specified under Specification C476.
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ASTM C1324-20a(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Examination and Analysis of Hardened Masonry Mortar

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides procedures for petrographic examination and chemical analysis of mortar for components of masonry mortar. These components may include portland cement, hydrated calcitic or dolomitic lime, masonry cement, aggregates, and air.  
4.2 The test method consists of procedures and sub-procedures, each requiring a substantial degree of petrographic and chemical skills and relatively elaborate instrumentation.  
4.3 The chemical data considered together with results of petrographic examination of a mortar provide for calculation of component proportions and thus allow a determination of mortar composition as represented by Types M, N, S, and O in Table 1 (Proportion Specification Requirements) of Specification C270.  
4.4 Failure of a mortar to have the composition of any type as defined in Table 1 of Specification C270 does not necessarily mean that the mortar does not meet the requirements of Specification C270. The mortar may meet the alternative requirements of Table 2 (Property Specification Requirements) of Specification C270.  
4.5 The maleic acid method of analysis is not applicable for the analysis of mortar because it is greatly influenced by carbonation and does not provide for the determination of calcium.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for petrographic examination and chemical analysis of samples of masonry mortars. Based upon such examination and analysis, proportions of components in masonry mortars can be determined.
Note 1: This method is also applicable to hydraulic cement-based stucco and plaster. Some historic mortars may contain non-resolvable constituents that may interfere. However, significant information may be obtained by petrographic examinations.  
1.2 Interpretations and calculations of chemical results are dependent upon results of the petrographic examination. The use of the chemical results alone is contrary to the requirements of this test method.  
1.3 Procedures for sampling, petrographic examination, chemical analysis, and calculations of component proportions are given in the following sections:    
Section  
Sampling  
7  
Petrographic examination  
8  
Chemical analysis  
9  
Mortar proportion calculations  
10  
Report  
11  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
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ASTM C1586-20(Guide)
Standard Guide for Quality Assurance of Mortars

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This document is intended to provide guidance and clarification to designers, specifiers, inspectors, testing agencies, producers, and users in specifying and evaluating masonry mortar.  
3.2 Users of documents Specification C270 and Test Method C780 often confuse and sometimes inadvertently misuse parts of the two documents when specifying or evaluating masonry mortar. This guide seeks to address specific items within Specification C270 and Test Method C780 to help promote their proper use and interpretation.
SCOPE
1.1 This document provides guidance regarding the proper use of Specification C270 and Test Method C780 for evaluating masonry mortar produced in the laboratory and at the construction site.  
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ASTM C887-20(Specification)
Standard Specification for Packaged, Dry, Combined Materials for Surface Bonding Mortar

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the materials, properties, and packaging of dry, combined materials for use as surface bonding mortar with concrete masonry units that have not been prefaced, coated, or painted. The materials used as ingredients shall consist of the following: cements which shall be a Portland cement, blended hydraulic cement, hydraulic cement, or masonry cement; Type S or SA hydrated lime; Class N, F, or S pozzolan; aggregates; glass fibers; and additives. Physical properties of the packaged materials shall conform to the flexural strength, compressive strength, time of setting, and water retention requirements. The net weight, amount of mixing water, unit weight, and yield of the surface bonding mortar shall be calculated and reported.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the materials, properties, and packaging of dry, combined materials for use as surface bonding mortar with concrete masonry units that have not been prefaced, coated, or painted.  
1.2 This specification does not cover design or application. Consult the manufacturer for specific recommendations.  
1.3 Appendix X1 of this specification contains the recommended tests for evaluation of surface bonded masonry assemblages used to establish design loads for the composite wall.  
1.4 Appendix X2 through Appendix X5 of this specification contain additional tests that may be performed on surface bonding mortar.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. This hazard statement applies only to Section 9 of this specification.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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