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ASTM G34-01

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Exfoliation Corrosion Susceptibility in 2XXX and 7XXX Series Aluminum Alloys (EXCO Test)

Standard Test Method for Exfoliation Corrosion Susceptibility in 2XXX and 7XXX Series Aluminum Alloys (EXCO Test)

SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for constant immersion exfoliation corrosion (EXCO) testing of high-strength 2XXX and 7XXX series aluminum alloys.
Note 1—This test method was originally developed for research and development purposes; however, it is referenced, in specific material specifications, as applicable for evaluating production material (refer to Section 14 on Precision and Bias).
1.2 This test method applies to all wrought products such as sheet, plate, extrusions, and forgings produced from conventional ingot metallurgy process.
1.3 This test method can be used with any form of specimen or part that can be immersed in the test solution.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Oct-2001
ICS
77.120.10 - Aluminium and aluminium alloys
Technical Committee
G01 - Corrosion of Metals
Drafting Committee
G01.05 - Laboratory Corrosion Tests
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM G34-99 - Standard Test Method for Exfoliation Corrosion Susceptibility in 2XXX and 7XXX Series Aluminum Alloys (EXCO Test)
Effective Date
10-Oct-2001
Replaced By
ASTM G34-01e1 - Standard Test Method for Exfoliation Corrosion Susceptibility in 2XXX and 7XXX Series Aluminum Alloys (EXCO Test)
Effective Date
10-Oct-2001
Referred By
ASTM G31-21 - Standard Guide for Laboratory Immersion Corrosion Testing of Metals
Effective Date
10-Oct-2001
Referred By
ASTM B221-21 - Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Extruded Bars, Rods, Wire, Profiles, and Tubes
Effective Date
10-Oct-2001
Referred By
ASTM G107-95(2020)e1 - Standard Guide for Formats for Collection and Compilation of Corrosion Data for Metals for Computerized Database Input
Effective Date
10-Oct-2001
Referred By
ASTM G111-21a - Standard Guide for Corrosion Tests in High Temperature or High Pressure Environment, or Both
Effective Date
10-Oct-2001
Referred By
ASTM B209/B209M-21a - Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate
Effective Date
10-Oct-2001
Referred By
ASTM B221M-21 - Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Extruded Bars, Rods, Wire, Profiles, and Tubes (Metric)
Effective Date
10-Oct-2001
Referred By
ASTM G112-22 - Standard Guide for Conducting Exfoliation Corrosion Tests in Aluminum Alloys
Effective Date
10-Oct-2001

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ASTM G34-01 - Standard Test Method for Exfoliation Corrosion Susceptibility in 2XXX and 7XXX Series Aluminum Alloys (EXCO Test)ASTM G34-01 - Standard Test Method for Exfoliation Corrosion Susceptibility in 2XXX and 7XXX Series Aluminum Alloys (EXCO Test)
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ASTM G34-01 - Standard Test Method for Exfoliation Corrosion Susceptibility in 2XXX and 7XXX Series Aluminum Alloys (EXCO Test)
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: G 34 – 01
Standard Test Method for
Exfoliation Corrosion Susceptibility in 2XXX and 7XXX
1
Series Aluminum Alloys (EXCO Test)
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationG 34;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3.1.1 exfoliation—corrosion that proceeds laterally from the
sites of initiation along planes parallel to the surface, generally
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for constant
at grain boundaries, forming corrosion products that force
immersion exfoliation corrosion (EXCO) testing of high-
metal away from the body of the material giving rise to a
strength 2XXX and 7XXX series aluminum alloys.
layered appearance (Terminology G 15).
NOTE 1—This test method was originally developed for research and
development purposes; however, it is referenced, in specific material
4. Summary of Test Method
specifications, as applicable for evaluating production material (refer to
4.1 This test method provides an accelerated exfoliation
Section 14 on Precision and Bias).
corrosion test for 2XXX and 7XXX series aluminum alloys
1.2 This test method applies to all wrought products such as
that involves the continuous immersion of test materials in a
sheet, plate, extrusions, and forgings produced from conven-
solution containing 4 M sodium chloride, 0.5 M potassium
tional ingot metallurgy process.
nitrate, and 0.1 M nitric acid at 25 6 3°C (776 5°F). The
1.3 This test method can be used with any form of specimen
susceptibility to exfoliation is determined by visual examina-
or part that can be immersed in the test solution.
tion, with performance ratings established by reference to
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
standard photographs.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Significance and Use
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1 This test method was originally developed for research
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
and development purposes; however, it is referenced, in
specific material specifications, as applicable for evaluating
2. Referenced Documents
productionmaterial(refertoSection14onPrecisionandBias).
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.2 Use of this test method provides a useful prediction of
2
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
the exfoliation corrosion behavior of these alloys in various
3
E 3 Practice for Preparation of Metallographic Specimens
types of outdoor service, especially in marine and industrial
G 15 Terminology Relating to Corrosion and Corrosion
5
environments. The test solution is very corrosive and repre-
4
Testing
sents the more severe types of environmental service, exclud-
G 112 Guide for Conducting Exfoliation Corrosion Tests in
ing, of course, unusual chemicals not likely to be encountered
4
Aluminum Alloys
in natural environments.
5.3 The exfoliation ratings were arbitrarily chosen to illus-
3. Terminology
trate a wide range in resistance to exfoliation in this test.
3.1 Definitions:
However, it remains to be determined whether correlations can
be established between EXCO test ratings and realistic service
conditions for a given alloy. It is an ongoing activity of the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G01 on
Corrosion of Metals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G01.05 on
Laboratory Corrosion Tests.
5
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 2001. Published December 2001. Originally Ketcham, S. J., and Jeffrey, P. W., “Exfoliation Corrosion Testing of 7178 and
published as G34 – 72. Last previous edition G 34 – 99. 7075AluminumAlloys” (Report ofASTM G01.05 Interlaboratory Testing Program
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. in Cooperation with the Aluminum Association); and Sprowls, D. O., Walsh, J. D.,
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01. and Shumaker, M. B., “Simplified Exfoliation Testing of Aluminum Alloys,”
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.02. Localized Corrosion—Cause of Metal Failure, ASTM STP 516, ASTM, 1972.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G34
Task Group on Exfoliation Corrosion of Aluminum Alloys 9.2 The edges of sawed specimens need not be machined,
(G01.05.02.08) to maintain outdoor exposure tests for this but specimens obtained by blanking or shearing shall have
6
purpose. For example, it has been reported that samples of e
...

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1.2 This guide covers aspects of specimen preparation, exposure, inspection, and evaluation for conducting exfoliation tests on aluminum alloys in both laboratory accelerated environments and in natural, outdoor atmospheres. The intent is to clarify any gaps in existent test methods.  
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4.1 This practice is especially useful for evaluating the adequacy of quenching when performed on material in the as-quenched condition. The practice may also be used to study the effect of subsequent thermal processes (for example, paint or bonding cures) or of actual precipitation treatments on the inherent type of corrosion. Intergranular corrosion resistance of heat treatable aluminum alloys is often directly related to the quenching conditions applied after solution heat treatment and to the subsequent aging treatment.4  
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1.1 This test method, also known as the Nitric Acid Mass Loss Test (NAMLT) describes a procedure for constant immersion intergranular corrosion testing of 5XXX series aluminum alloys.  
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4.1 The Barcol Impressor is portable and therefore useful for in situ determination of the hardness of fabricated parts and individual test specimens for production control purposes.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of indentation hardness of aluminum alloys using a Barcol Impressor.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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This specification covers pigmented, sprayable, low volatile organic compound (VOC) corrosion-inhibiting adhesive primers for use on aluminum alloys that are to be adhesively bonded in the fabrication of panels for tactical or relocatable shelters. When applied to a properly prepared surface of aluminum alloy, the primer imparts corrosion resistance and forms a surface suitable for structural bonding and for coating with shelter paint finishes. The physical properties of uncured liquid polymer, cured film on primed surfaces, and bonded specimens shall conform to the prescribed requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers pigmented, sprayable, low volatile organic compound (VOC) corrosion-inhibiting adhesive primers for use on aluminum alloys that are to be adhesively bonded in the fabrication of panels for tactical shelters. When applied to a properly prepared surface of aluminum alloy, the primer imparts corrosion resistance and forms a surface suitable for structural bonding and for coating with shelter paint finishes.  
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