ASTM D7395-07(2012)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Cone/Plate Viscosity at a 500 s-1 Shear Rate
Standard Test Method for Cone/Plate Viscosity at a 500 s<sup>-1</sup> Shear Rate
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test has been used to measure viscosities of automotive topcoats in place of No. 4 Ford cup measurements and has provided an equivalent ability to evaluate whether the paint meets specifications and is sprayable.
The method could be considered as an alternative to No. 4 Ford cup and other efflux cup measurements for other products as well.
The type of viscometer described in this method gives better temperature control than Ford and other efflux cups and is expected to give better precision.
This test method is suitable for all paints and related materials whether they are Newtonian in behavior or not.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the viscosity of paints and related products using a cone/plate viscometer at a shear rate of 500 s-1.
1.2 Viscosity values obtained by this method may be used as an alternative to results from No. 4 Ford cup measurements. The values from this method do not replicate Ford cup results, but can be used for quality control, producer-user specifications and viscosity reduction in the same manner that Ford cups are used.
1.3 If viscosity at a higher shear rate is needed, Test Method D4287, which describes viscosity measurement at 10 000 to 12 000 s-1 may be used.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: D7395 − 07 (Reapproved 2012)
Standard Test Method for
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Cone/Plate Viscosity at a 500 s Shear Rate
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7395; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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1. Scope lowered,andthespecimenissubjectedtoashearrateof500s
while the viscosity is measured.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the viscos-
ity of paints and related products using a cone/plate viscometer
4. Significance and Use
-1
at a shear rate of 500 s .
4.1 This test has been used to measure viscosities of
1.2 Viscosityvaluesobtainedbythismethodmaybeusedas
automotive topcoats in place of No. 4 Ford cup measurements
an alternative to results from No. 4 Ford cup measurements.
and has provided an equivalent ability to evaluate whether the
The values from this method do not replicate Ford cup results,
paint meets specifications and is sprayable.
but can be used for quality control, producer-user specifica-
4.2 The method could be considered as an alternative to No.
tionsandviscosityreductioninthesamemannerthatFordcups
4 Ford cup and other efflux cup measurements for other
are used.
products as well.
1.3 If viscosity at a higher shear rate is needed,Test Method
4.3 The type of viscometer described in this method gives
D4287, which describes viscosity measurement at 10 000 to 12
-1
better temperature control than Ford and other efflux cups and
000 s may be used.
is expected to give better precision.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4.4 This test method is suitable for all paints and related
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
materials whether they are Newtonian in behavior or not.
standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5. Apparatus
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.1 Cone/Plate Type Viscometer with cone/speed combina-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
-1
tion producing a shear rate of 500 s and fitted with a solvent
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
trap that covers the cone. For automotive topcoats, the viscom-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
eter must provide a viscosity measurement range that includes
20 to 200 cP (= mPa.s) at the above-mentioned shear rate. A
2. Referenced Documents
Brookfield CAP1000+ or CAP2000+ with a #10 cone at 100
2.1 ASTM Standards:
rpm shaft speed has worked well.
D3925 Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and Related
Pigmented Coatings 6. Reagents and Materials
D4287 Test Method for High-Shear Viscosity Using a Cone/
6.1 Water or Solvent—If the viscometer allows manual
Plate Viscometer
zeroing, this should be done in accordance with the manufac-
turer’s directions. Zeroing procedures that require liquids may
3. Summary of Test Method
be satisfied with water or a low-viscosity solvent such as
3.1 The material to be tested is placed between the cone and xylene or mineral spirits.
plate of a cone/plate viscometer set at 25ºC, a solvent trap is
6.2 Mineral Oils—One to three standard mineral oils with
known viscosities (certified by an approved laboratory) lying
between 10 and 90 % full scale to be used for calibrating the
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
instrument.Ifasingleoilisused,itsviscosityshouldbesimilar
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
to that of the materials being tested.
Subcommittee D01.24 on Physical Properties of Liquid Paints & Paint Materials.
NOTE 1—Silicone oils should be avoided because of their tendency to
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2012. Published February 2012. Originally
contaminate instruments, containers and other equipment.
approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D7395 - 07. DOI:
10.1520/D7395-07R12.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 7. Sampling
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
7.1 Take a representative sample of the product to be tested
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. in accordance with Practice D3925. If the sample has a
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7395 − 07 (2012)
tendency to settle or separate on standing, then it must be mm) around the entire circumference of the cone. Lower the
stirred or shaken until homogeneous before a test specimen is solvent trap over the cone and onto the plate.
NOTE 3—If specimen material is not observed around the entire
taken from it. However, it is appropriate to directly test a
circumference of the cone, Stop! Clean up, resample and deposit a new
sample that has been under constant circulation and shear in a
specimen onto the plate to avoid producing a low viscosity value. Verify
paint system. The specimen must be free of any foreign matter
that the entire specimen is being dispensed from the pipette, syringe or
or air bubbles, and its volume must be sufficient to cover the
other transfer device.
portion of the viscometer plate under the cone when the latter
9.3 Wait for 60 s to allow the specimen to reach 25.0ºC and
is brought into contact with the plate.
equilibrate at that temperature. If the instrument has the
capability of setting times for specific procedures, set the
8. Preparation of Apparatus
HOLD time for 60 s or make certain that the specimen has
8.1 The viscome
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