ASTM D578/D578M-23

Standard Specification for Glass Fiber Strands

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for continuous fiber and staple fiber glass strands, including single, plied and multiple wound. It also covers textured glass fiber yarns. It is one of a series to provide a substitute for Military Specifications: MIL-Y-1140 Yarn, Cord, Sleeving, Cloth and Tape-Glass; and MIL-C-9084 Cloth, Glass Finished for Resin Laminates. The nominal twist in S and Z directions and breaking strength of the continuous filament yarns shall conform to the specified requirements. The fibers shall be free of any free alkali metal oxides, such as soda or potash, and from foreign particles, dirt, and other impurities. The direction of twist, twist level, filament diameter, breaking strength, and ignition loss (organic content) of the fiber shall be tested.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for continuous fiber and staple fiber glass strands, including single, plied and multiple wound. It also covers textured glass fiber yarns. This specification is intended to assist ultimate users by designating the general nomenclature for the strand products that are generally manufactured in the glass fiber industry.  
1.2 Glass fibers are produced having various compositions. General applications are identified by means of a letter designation. The letter designation represents a family of glasses that have provided acceptable performance to the end-user in the intended application. For example, the composition limits stated for E-Glass in this specification representing the glass fiber family for general and most electrical applications is designated by the letter E. Military specifications, such as, MIL-R-60346, recognize the composition limits described in this specification as meeting the respective requirements for E-Glass strands used in reinforced plastic structure applications.  
1.3 Glass fiber strands have a variety of general uses under specific conditions, such as high physical or chemical stress, high moisture, high temperature, or electrical environments. Property requirements under specific conditions are agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier. Electrical property requirements vary with specific end-use applications. For printed circuit board applications, other requirements may be needed such as the use of Institute for Interconnecting and Packaging Electronic Circuits (IPC) Specification EG 4412 A for finished fabric woven from E-Glass for printed circuit boards, or Specification MIL-P-13949 for printed wiring boards applicable to glass fabric base.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems will result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This specification is one of a series to provide a substitute for Military Specifications: MIL-Y-1140 Yarn, Cord, Sleeving, Cloth and Tape-Glass; and MIL-C-9084 Cloth, Glass Finished for Resin Laminates.  
1.6 Additional ASTM specifications in this series have been drafted and appear in current editions of the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. These include finished glass fabrics, unfinished glass fabrics, glass tapes, glass sleevings, glass cords, glass sewing threads, and finished laminates made from finished glass fabrics.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the ...

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-May-2023
• ICS: 59.100.10 - Textile glass materials
• Technical Committee: D13 - Textiles
• Drafting Committee: D13.18 - Glass Fiber and its Products

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D578/D578M − 23
Standard Specification for
1
Glass Fiber Strands
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D578/D578M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems will result in non-conformance
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for continu-
with the standard.
ous fiber and staple fiber glass strands, including single, plied
1.5 This specification is one of a series to provide a
and multiple wound. It also covers textured glass fiber yarns.
substitute for Military Specifications: MIL-Y-1140 Yarn, Cord,
This specification is intended to assist ultimate users by
Sleeving, Cloth and Tape-Glass; and MIL-C-9084 Cloth, Glass
designating the general nomenclature for the strand products
Finished for Resin Laminates.
that are generally manufactured in the glass fiber industry.
1.6 Additional ASTM specifications in this series have been
1.2 Glass fibers are produced having various compositions.
drafted and appear in current editions of the Annual Book of
General applications are identified by means of a letter
ASTM Standards. These include finished glass fabrics, unfin-
designation. The letter designation represents a family of
ished glass fabrics, glass tapes, glass sleevings, glass cords,
glasses that have provided acceptable performance to the
glass sewing threads, and finished laminates made from fin-
end-user in the intended application. For example, the compo-
ished glass fabrics.
sition limits stated for E-Glass in this specification representing
the glass fiber family for general and most electrical applica-
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tions is designated by the letter E. Military specifications, such
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
as, MIL-R-60346, recognize the composition limits described
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
in this specification as meeting the respective requirements for
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
E-Glass strands used in reinforced plastic structure applica-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
tions.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.3 Glass fiber strands have a variety of general uses under
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
specific conditions, such as high physical or chemical stress,
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
high moisture, high temperature, or electrical environments.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Property requirements under specific conditions are agreed
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
upon between the purchaser and the supplier. Electrical prop-
erty requirements vary with specific end-use applications. For
2. Referenced Documents
printed circuit board applications, other requirements may be
2
needed such as the use of Institute for Interconnecting and
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Packaging Electronic Circuits (IPC) Specification EG 4412 A D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
for finished fabric woven from E-Glass for printed circuit
D1423/D1423M Test Method for Twist in Yarns by Direct-
boards, or Specification MIL-P-13949 for printed wiring Counting
boards applicable to glass fabric base.
D1907/D1907M Test Method for Linear Density of Yarn
(Yarn Number) by the Skein Method
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
D2256/D2256M Test Method for Tensile Properties of Yarns
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
by the Single-Strand Method
each system are not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
D2258/D2258M Practice for Sampling Yarn for Testing
D2904 Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of a Textile Test
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on
Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.18 on Glass Fiber and
2
its Products. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved June 1, 2023. Published August 2023. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1940. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D578/D578M – 18. Standards volu
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D578/D578M − 18 D578/D578M − 23
Standard Specification for
1
Glass Fiber Strands
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D578/D578M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for continuous fiber and staple fiber glass strands, including single, plied and
multiple wound. It also covers textured glass fiber yarns. This specification is intended to assist ultimate users by designating the
general nomenclature for the strand products that ageare generally manufactured in the glass fiber industry.
1.2 Glass fibers are produced having various compositions. General applications are identified by means of a letter designation.
The letter designation represents a family of glasses that have provided acceptable performance to the end-user in the intended
application. For example, the composition limits stated for E-Glass in this specification representing the glass fiber family for
general and most electrical applications is designated by the letter E. Military specifications, such as, MIL-R-60346, recognize the
composition limits described in this specification as meeting the respective requirements for E-Glass strands used in reinforced
plastic structure applications.
1.3 Glass fiber strands have a variety of general uses under specific conditions, such as high physical or chemical stress, high
moisture, high temperature, or electrical environments. Property requirements under specific conditions are agreed upon between
the purchaser and the supplier. Electrical property requirements vary with specific end-use applications. For printed circuit board
applications, other requirements may be needed such as the use of Institute for Interconnecting and Packaging Electronic Circuits
(IPC) Specification EG 4412 A for finished fabric woven from E-Glass for printed circuit boards, or Specification MIL-P-13949
for printed wiring boards applicable to glass fabric base.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system mayare not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from
the two systems maywill result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 This specification is one of a series to provide a substitute for Military Specifications: MIL-Y-1140 Yarn, Cord, Sleeving, Cloth
and Tape-Glass; and MIL-C-9084 Cloth, Glass Finished for Resin Laminates.
1.6 Additional ASTM specifications in this series have been drafted and appear in current editions of the Annual Book of ASTM
Standards. These include finished glass fabrics, unfinished glass fabrics, glass tapes, glass sleevings, glass cords, glass sewing
threads, and finished laminates made from finished glass fabrics.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.18 on Glass Fiber and its Products.
Current edition approved July 1, 2018June 1, 2023. Published August 2018August 2023. Originally approved in 1940. Last previous edition approved in 20112018 as
ɛ1
D578 – 05D578/D578M – 18.(2011) . DOI: 10.1520/D0578-18.10.1520/D0578_D0578M-23.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D578/D578M − 23
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D1423/D1423M Test Method for Twist in Yarns by Direct-Counting
D1907/D1907M Test Method for Linear Den
...