Standard Test Method for Determining the Accelerated Iron Corrosion Rating of Denatured Fuel Ethanol and Ethanol Fuel Blends

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test is designed to be used as a rapid measure of the overall relative corrosivity of Ethanol Fuel Blends (Specification D5798) and Denatured Fuel Ethanol (Specification D4806) to iron (steel).  
5.2 The test can be used to compare corrosion inhibitor dosage levels and effectiveness of various corrosion inhibitors as they pertain to protecting iron (steel) materials from corrosion.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method measures the ability of inhibited and uninhibited Ethanol Fuel Blends defined by Specification D5798 and Denatured Fuel Ethanol defined by Specification D4806 to resist corrosion of iron should water become mixed with the fuel, using an accelerated laboratory test method. Corrosion ratings are reported based on a visual, numbered rating scale.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Sections 7 and 8.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2016
Current Stage
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7577 − 12 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Accelerated Iron Corrosion Rating of
Denatured Fuel Ethanol and Ethanol Fuel Blends
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7577; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D5798 Specification for Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-
Fuel Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
1.1 This test method measures the ability of inhibited and
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
uninhibited Ethanol Fuel Blends defined by Specification
ASTM Test Methods
D5798 and Denatured Fuel Ethanol defined by Specification
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-
D4806 to resist corrosion of iron should water become mixed
eters with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
with the fuel, using an accelerated laboratory test method.
Corrosion ratings are reported based on a visual, numbered
3. Terminology
rating scale.
3.1 Definitions:
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
to Terminology D4175.
3.1.2 Fuel C, n—a volumetric mixture of 50 volume percent
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the reference fuel grade toluene and 50 volume percent reference
fuel grade isooctane.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 3.1.2.1 Discussion—Specifications for reference fuel grade
toluene and reference fuel grade isooctane can be found inTest
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard
statements are given in Sections 7 and 8. Method D2699.
3.2 Abbreviations:
2. Referenced Documents
3.2.1 HDPE, n—high density polyethylene
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.2 PTFE, n—Polytetrafluoroethylene
A29/A29M SpecificationforGeneralRequirementsforSteel
Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought
4. Summary of Test Method
A108 Specification for Steel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-
4.1 Apolished steel test rod is immersed in a mixture of the
Finished
testsampleandwaterataratioof10partsfuelsampleto1part
D665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of
water and held at a temperature of 37 °C to 39 °C (98 °F to
Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of Water
102 °F) for 1 h.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
4.2 At the end of 1 h, the test rod is removed, rinsed and
D2699 Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-
rated according to a numeric corrosion rating scale.
Ignition Engine Fuel
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
5. Significance and Use
Fuels, and Lubricants
5.1 Thistestisdesignedtobeusedasarapidmeasureofthe
D4806 Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blend-
overall relative corrosivity of Ethanol Fuel Blends (Specifica-
ing with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition
tion D5798) and Denatured Fuel Ethanol (Specification
Engine Fuel
D4806) to iron (steel).
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
5.2 The test can be used to compare corrosion inhibitor
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
dosage levels and effectiveness of various corrosion inhibitors
Subcommittee D02.14 on Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels.
as they pertain to protecting iron (steel) materials from
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016. Published November 2016. Originally
approved in 2012. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D7577 – 12. DOI: corrosion.
10.1520/D7577-12R16.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 6. Apparatus
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.1 General—Two test apparatus have been evaluated and
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. found to give comparable results.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7577 − 12 (2016)
FIG. 1 Recommended Small Volume Test Apparatus
6.1.1 Large sample volume (300 mL) apparatus specified in 6.2.5.1 A hole to suspend the steel test rod into the test
Test Method D665. sample,
6.1.2 Small sample volume (30 mL to 75 mL) apparatus 6.2.5.2 A hole for the thermometer,
specified in 6.2. 6.2.5.3 Ahole for inserting a syringe needle to add water to
the test sample.
6.2 Small Volume Test Apparatus (Fig. 1).
6.2.6 PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) coated magnetic stir
6.2.1 ComparedtoTestMethodD665,thesmallvolumetest
bar.
apparatus is lower in cost and allows for use of smaller
6.2.7 The small volume test apparatus shall be designed so
volumes of samples to improve the safety of the measurement.
that at least 50 % of the test rod surface is below the surface of
Different apparatus and components that achieve the same
the test material.
results may be used.
6.2.2 Hot plate/stir plate or water bath capable of maintain- 6.3 Grinding and sanding apparatus,capableofrotatingthe
ing a temperature of 37 °C to 39 °C (98 °F to 102 °F) and steel test rod at 1700 r⁄min to 1800 r⁄min for manual sanding.
stirring at a rate of 900 r⁄min 6 100 r⁄min.
6.4 Timing device, capable of taking readings with a dis-
6.2.3 150 mL to 200 mL borosilicate glass beakers to hold
crimination of 1 min or better.
water to serve as a water bath.
6.5 Analytical balance, at least 100 g capacity, capable of
6.2.4 50 mL to 150 mL borosilicate, flat bottom, glass test
weighing accurately to at least 0.001 g.
jar to hold test sample.
6.2.5 JarcoversmadeofHDPEorothermaterialcompatible 6.6 Temperature measuring device,Anythermometerwitha
with ethanol, water and gasoline with three holes: temperature range that includes 37 °C to 39 °C (89 °F to
D7577 − 12 (2016)
FIG. 2 Dimensions of New Steel Test Rod
102 °F),withonedegreegraduationsubdivisionsandconform- total volume. For example, 50 mL sample volume should be
ing to the requirements prescribed in Specification E2251. measured using a graduated cylinder with graduations of
Alternatively, calibrated thermcouples may be used. 2.5 mL or less.
7.6 Steel Test Rods:
7. Reagents and Materials
7.6.1 The steel test rod, when new, shall be 12.7 mm
7.1 Water—Referencestowatershallbeunderstoodtomean 11
(0.5 in.) in diameter and approximately 68 mm (2 ⁄16 in.) in
reagent water of grade Specification D1193 Type II or better.
length exclusive of the threaded portion that screws into the
PTFE holder and shall be tapered at one end as shown in Fig.
7.2 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
2.
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
7.6.2 The steel test rods shall be made of steel conforming
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the commit-
to UNS Grade G10180 (AISI 1018) per Specification A108
tee onAnalytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society,
(chemistry listed in Specification A29/A29M).
where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
7.6.3 Discard reused rods when the diameter is reduced to
used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the 9.5 mm (0.375 in.).
accuracy of the determination.
7.7 PTFE holders for steel test rods—The PTFE holder
7.2.1 Acetic acid—(Warning—Corrosive. Health hazard.)
screws onto the threaded end of the steel test rod.
7.2.2 Acetone—(Warning—Flammable. Health hazard.)
7.2.3 Formic acid—(Warning—Corrosive. Health hazard.)
8. Hazards
7.2.4 Isooctane (2,2,4-trimethylpentane)—(Warning—
8.1 Physical—Care should be taken when manually polish-
Flammable. Health hazard.)
ing the steel test rods to avoid injury to hands.This test method
7.2.5 Reagent alcohol—(Warning—Flammable. Health
also uses aggressive organic solvents; safety glasses should be
hazard.)–containing 90 volume % ethanol, 5 volume %
worn at all times.
isopropanol, 5 volume % methanol and <0.1 volume % water.
8.2 Chemical—Flammable, toxic and corrosive chemicals
NOTE 1—The specified reagent alcohol must be used to achieve
equivalent results and ratings to that reported in this test method. are used in this test procedure. It is the responsibility of the
user to follow appropriate handling and storage procedures.
7.2.6 Sodium chloride.
8.2.1 The test shall be run in a well-ventilated space or in a
7.2.7 Toluene—(Warning—Flammable. Health hazard.)
fume hood to avoid build up and exposure to fuel vapors. Test
7.2.8 Fuel C—A mixture of 50 volume percent toluene and
jar covers and secondary spill containers (water bath) are used
50 volume percent isooctane.
to reduce the concentration of vapors and contain fuel spills.
7.3 Polishing Material —Abrasive cloth, silicon carbide or
aluminum oxide, 100 grit.
9. Standard Preparation
7.4 Pipette—3 mL to 30 mL capacity, dependent on the
9.1 Standards 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in Table 1 shall be prepared
amount of water required for a ratio of 10 to 1 test sample to
and tested when the test method is initially set-up in the
water.
laboratory or to demonstrate equivalency of test equipment.
7.5 Graduated cylinder—50 mLto 300 mLcapacity, depen-
9.2 It is required that one or more of the standards be
dentonthetestapparatus,withdivisionsof5 %orbetterofthe
prepared and tested in the following instances:
9.2.1 When new steel test rods are received.
3 9.2.2 When new operators are being trained on this proce-
Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American
Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
dure.
listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
9.3 Testing of the standards in Table 1 provide the operator
Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
and individual laboratory with visual examples of the rating
MD.
scale.
The sole source of supply of the abrasive cloth known to the committee at this
time is available as Part No. 8230A76 from McMaster-Carr Supply Co., PO Box
9.4 Standards are prepared by mixing 84 volume % reagent
4355, Chicago, IL, 60680-4355. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please
alcohol,15volume%FuelCand1volume%watercontaining
provide this information toASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will
various concentrations of sodium chloride, formic acid and
receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,
which you may attend. acetic acid. The final concentrations of chloride ion, formic
D7577 − 12 (2016)
TABLE 1 Concentration of Corrosive Components in 500 mL
11.9 Store cleaned and sanded test rods in isooctane until
Standard Solutions Containing 84 Volume % Reagent Alcohol, 15
use.Timebetweensandinganduseshouldnotexceed1hwhen
Volume % Fuel C and 1 Volume % Water
stored in isooctane and should not exceed 5 min when not
Standard Rating Chloride, Formic acid, Acetic acid,
stored in isooctane.
No. mg/kg±10% mg/kg±10% mg/kg±10%
1 1 000
12. Procedure
22 1.5 0 5
3 3 515
12.1 Prepare the corrosion test-rod and test apparatus in
44 5 10 5
5 5 15 10 20
accordance with Sections 10 and 11.
12.2 Transfer the test sample or standard into the test jar
using a graduated cylinder.
acid and acetic acid are shown in Table 1. Standard concen-
12.2.1 Use 300 mL of test sample or standard for the large
trations shall be prepared within 610 % of the stated values in
sample volume apparatus specified in Test Method D665.
Table 1.
12.2.2 Use 30 mL to 75 mL of test sample or standard for
the small sample volume apparatus specified in 6.2.
9.5 Example standard preparations are shown in Table 2.
Water or water solutions containing sodium chloride, formic
12.3 Place the stir bar or other stirring tool into the test jar
acid and acetic acid are added to a 500 mL volumetric flask
and cover with the jar cover.
containing approximately 300 mL of reagent alcohol. After
12.4 It is very important that clean, oil-free gloves are used,
stirring to mix, 75 mL of Fuel C is added and reagent alcohol
or similar precautions are taken, to avoid contamination of the
is added to reach the 500 mL volume mark on the flask. The
test rod with fingerprints or other oils.
solutions are stirred until mixed adequately.
12.5 Insert the previously polished corrosion test rod with
10. Preparation of Apparatus
its holder down into the jar cover until at least half of the rod
10.1 Heat the water bath to a temperature of 37 °C to 39 °C
is immersed in the test sample or standard. The test rod shall
(98 °F to 102 °F).
not touch the bottom of the jar.
12.5.1 Do not let the clean test rod rub against the jar cover
11. Preparation of Corrosion Test Rod
ifaplasticcoverisused.Transferofmaterialtothetestrodcan
11.1 It is very important that clean, oil-free gloves are used,
affect test results.
or similar precautions are taken, to avoid contamination of the
12.6 Insert the thermometer (6.6) into the jar cover until the
test rod and abrasive cloth with fingerprints or other oils.
tip is immersed in the test sample or standard.
11.2 For new test rods, thoroughly clean the surfaces
12.7 Place the test-jar assembly containing the stirring tool,
sequentiallywithacetone,tolueneand isooctanetoremoveoils
test sample or standard, test rod and thermometer (if used) into
and other contamination before sanding the surface.
the pre-heated heating bath.
11.3 Mount the test rod in the chuck of the grinding and
12.8 Start stirring the sample or standard at a rate sufficient
sanding apparatus.
to uniformly heat the solution.
11.4 Rotate the test rod at a speed of 1700 r⁄min to
12.9 When the sample or standard temperature reaches
1800 r⁄min while sanding the surface with a strip of the
37 °C to 39 °C (98 °F to 102 °F), inject water into the test
abrasive cloth.
sample or standard using a syringe.
11.4.1 Preliminary Sanding—Hold the 100 grit abrasive
cloth strip perpendicular to the long-axis of the test rod so that
NOTE 2—The addition of the water does not cause phase separation;
circular grooves are formed all along the length of the rod.
because of the ethanol matrix of the test fuels covered in this scope of this
Move the cloth along the axis of the test rod. All rust and
method, the water is completely soluble in the test samples.
irregularities must be removed.
12.9.1 Aratiooftenpartstest
...


This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7577 − 12 D7577 − 12 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Accelerated Iron Corrosion Rating of
Denatured Fuel Ethanol and Ethanol Fuel Blends
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7577; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method measures the ability of inhibited and uninhibited Ethanol Fuel Blends defined by Specification D5798 and
Denatured Fuel Ethanol defined by Specification D4806 to resist corrosion of iron should water become mixed with the fuel, using
an accelerated laboratory test method. Corrosion ratings are reported based on a visual, numbered rating scale.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Sections 7 and 8.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A29/A29M Specification for General Requirements for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought
A108 Specification for Steel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-Finished
D665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D2699 Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
D4806 Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D5798 Specification for Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-Fuel Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermometers with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D4175.
3.1.2 Fuel C, n—a volumetric mixture of 50 volume percent reference fuel grade toluene and 50 volume percent reference fuel
grade isooctane.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.14 on Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2012Oct. 1, 2016. Published January 2013November 2016. Originally approved in 2012. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as
D7577 – 12. DOI: 10.1520/D7577-12.10.1520/D7577-12R16.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—
Specifications for reference fuel grade toluene and reference fuel grade isooctane can be found in Test Method D2699.
3.2 Abbreviations:
3.2.1 HDPE, n—high density polyethylene
3.2.2 PTFE, n—Polytetrafluoroethylene
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7577 − 12 (2016)
FIG. 1 Recommended Small Volume Test Apparatus
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A polished steel test rod is immersed in a mixture of the test sample and water at a ratio of 10 parts fuel sample to 1 part
water and held at a temperature of 3737 °C to 39°C (9839 °C (98 °F to 102°F)102 °F) for 1 h.1 h.
4.2 At the end of 1 h, 1 h, the test rod is removed, rinsed and rated according to a numeric corrosion rating scale.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test is designed to be used as a rapid measure of the overall relative corrosivity of Ethanol Fuel Blends (Specification
D5798) and Denatured Fuel Ethanol (Specification D4806) to iron (steel).
5.2 The test can be used to compare corrosion inhibitor dosage levels and effectiveness of various corrosion inhibitors as they
pertain to protecting iron (steel) materials from corrosion.
6. Apparatus
6.1 General—Two test apparatus have been evaluated and found to give comparable results.
6.1.1 Large sample volume (300 mL) (300 mL) apparatus specified in Test Method D665.
6.1.2 Small sample volume (30 – 75 mL) (30 mL to 75 mL) apparatus specified in 6.2.
6.2 Small Volume Test Apparatus (Fig. 1).
D7577 − 12 (2016)
6.2.1 Compared to Test Method D665, the small volume test apparatus is lower in cost and allows for use of smaller volumes
of samples to improve the safety of the measurement. Different apparatus and components that achieve the same results may be
used.
6.2.2 Hot plate/stir plate or water bath capable of maintaining a temperature of 3737 °C to 39°C (9839 °C (98 °F to
102°F)102 °F) and stirring at a rate of 900900 r ⁄min 6 100 100 r r/min.⁄min.
6.2.3 150 - 200 mL 150 mL to 200 mL borosilicate glass beakers to hold water to serve as a water bath.
6.2.4 50 - 150 mL 50 mL to 150 mL borosilicate, flat bottom, glass test jar to hold test sample.
6.2.5 Jar covers made of HDPE or other material compatible with ethanol, water and gasoline with three holes:
6.2.5.1 A hole to suspend the steel test rod into the test sample,
6.2.5.2 A hole for the thermometer,
6.2.5.3 A hole for inserting a syringe needle to add water to the test sample.
6.2.6 PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) coated magnetic stir bar.
6.2.7 The small volume test apparatus shall be designed so that at least 50%50 % of the test rod surface is below the surface
of the test material.
6.3 Grinding and sanding apparatus, capable of rotating the steel test rod at 17001700 r ⁄min to 18001800 r r/min ⁄min for
manual sanding.
6.4 Timing device, capable of taking readings with a discrimination of 1 min 1 min or better.
6.5 Analytical balance, at least 100 g 100 g capacity, capable of weighing accurately to at least 0.001 g.0.001 g.
6.6 Temperature measuring device, Any thermometer with a temperature range that includes 3737 °C to 39°C (8939 °C (89 °F
to 102°F),102 °F), with one degree graduation subdivisions and conforming to the requirements prescribed in Specification E2251.
Alternatively, calibrated thermcouples may be used.
7. Reagents and Materials
7.1 Water—References to water shall be understood to mean reagent water of grade Specification D1193 Type II or better.
7.2 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all
reagents shall conform to the specifications of the committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society, where
such specifications are available. Other grades may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high
purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination.
7.2.1 Acetic acid—(Warning—Corrosive. Health hazard.)
7.2.2 Acetone—(Warning—Flammable. Health hazard.)
7.2.3 Formic acid—(Warning—Corrosive. Health hazard.)
7.2.4 Isooctane (2,2,4-trimethylpentane)—(Warning—Flammable. Health hazard.)
7.2.5 Reagent alcohol—(Warning—Flammable. Health hazard.)–containing 90 volume % ethanol, 5 volume % isopropanol, 5
volume % methanol and <0.1 volume % water.
NOTE 1—The specified reagent alcohol must be used to achieve equivalent results and ratings to that reported in this test method.
7.2.6 Sodium chloride.
7.2.7 Toluene—(Warning—Flammable. Health hazard.)
7.2.8 Fuel C—A mixture of 50 volume percent toluene and 50 volume percent isooctane.
7.3 Polishing Material —Abrasive cloth, silicon carbide or aluminum oxide, 100 grit.
7.4 Pipette—33 mL to 30 mL 30 mL capacity, dependent on the amount of water required for a ratio of 10 to 1 test sample to
water.
7.5 Graduated cylinder—5050 mL to 300 mL 300 mL capacity, dependent on the test apparatus, with divisions of 5 % 5 % or
better of the total volume. For example, 50 mL 50 mL sample volume should be measured using a graduated cylinder with
graduations of 2.5 mL 2.5 mL or less.
7.6 Steel Test Rods:
7.6.1 The steel test rod, when new, shall be 12.7 mm (0.5 in.) 12.7 mm (0.5 in.) in diameter and approximately 68 mm 68 mm
(2 ⁄16 in.) in.) in length exclusive of the threaded portion that screws into the PTFE holder and shall be tapered at one end as
shown in Fig. 2.
Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed by
the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia and National
Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville, MD.
The sole source of supply of the abrasive cloth known to the committee at this time is available as Part No. 8230A76 from McMaster-Carr Supply Co., PO Box 4355,
Chicago, IL, 60680-4355. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful
consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
D7577 − 12 (2016)
FIG. 2 Dimensions of New Steel Test Rod
7.6.2 The steel test rods shall be made of steel conforming to UNS Grade G10180 (AISI 1018) per Specification A108
(chemistry listed in Specification A29/A29M).
7.6.3 Discard reused rods when the diameter is reduced to 9.5 mm (0.375 in.).9.5 mm (0.375 in.).
7.7 PTFE holders for steel test rods—The PTFE holder screws onto the threaded end of the steel test rod.
8. Hazards
8.1 Physical—Care should be taken when manually polishing the steel test rods to avoid injury to hands. This test method also
uses aggressive organic solvents; safety glasses should be worn at all times.
8.2 Chemical—Flammable, toxic and corrosive chemicals are used in this test procedure. It is the responsibility of the user to
follow appropriate handling and storage procedures.
8.2.1 The test shall be run in a well-ventilated space or in a fume hood to avoid build up and exposure to fuel vapors. Test jar
covers and secondary spill containers (water bath) are used to reduce the concentration of vapors and contain fuel spills.
9. Standard Preparation
9.1 Standards 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in Table 1 shall be prepared and tested when the test method is initially set-up in the laboratory
or to demonstrate equivalency of test equipment.
9.2 It is required that one or more of the standards be prepared and tested in the following instances:
9.2.1 When new steel test rods are received.
9.2.2 When new operators are being trained on this procedure.
9.3 Testing of the standards in Table 1 provide the operator and individual laboratory with visual examples of the rating scale.
9.4 Standards are prepared by mixing 84 volume % reagent alcohol, 15 volume % Fuel C and 1 volume % water containing
various concentrations of sodium chloride, formic acid and acetic acid. The final concentrations of chloride ion, formic acid and
acetic acid are shown in Table 1. Standard concentrations shall be prepared within 610 % of the stated values in Table 1.
9.5 Example standard preparations are shown in Table 2. Water or water solutions containing sodium chloride, formic acid and
acetic acid are added to a 500 mL 500 mL volumetric flask containing approximately 300 mL 300 mL of reagent alcohol. After
stirring to mix, 75 mL 75 mL of Fuel C is added and reagent alcohol is added to reach the 500 mL 500 mL volume mark on the
flask. The solutions are stirred until mixed adequately.
10. Preparation of Apparatus
10.1 Heat the water bath to a temperature of 3737 °C to 39°C (9839 °C (98 °F to 102°F).102 °F).
11. Preparation of Corrosion Test Rod
11.1 It is very important that clean, oil-free gloves are used, or similar precautions are taken, to avoid contamination of the test
rod and abrasive cloth with fingerprints or other oils.
11.2 For new test rods, thoroughly clean the surfaces sequentially with acetone, toluene and isooctane to remove oils and other
contamination before sanding the surface.
11.3 Mount the test rod in the chuck of the grinding and sanding apparatus.
11.4 Rotate the test rod at a speed of 1700–18001700 r r/min ⁄min to 1800 r ⁄min while sanding the surface with a strip of the
abrasive cloth.
11.4.1 Preliminary Sanding—Hold the 100-grit100 grit abrasive cloth strip perpendicular to the long-axis of the test rod so that
circular grooves are formed all along the length of the rod. Move the cloth along the axis of the test rod. All rust and irregularities
must be removed.
11.4.2 Surface Marking—Rub a new piece of abrasive cloth longitudinally over the static test rod until the entire surface shows
visible scratches.
11.4.3 Final Sanding—Using a new piece of abrasive cloth, hold the 100-grit100 grit abrasive cloth strip perpendicular to the
long-axis of the test rod so that circular grooves are formed all along the length of the rod. Move the cloth along the axis until
all visible surface scratches from 11.4.2 have been removed.
D7577 − 12 (2016)
TABLE 1 Concentration of Corrosive Components in 500 mL
Standard Solutions Containing 84 Volume % Reagent Alcohol, 15
Volume % Fuel C and 1 Volume % Water
Standard Rating Chloride, Formic acid, Acetic acid,
No. mg/kg ± 10 % mg/kg ± 10 % mg/kg ± 10 %
1 1 0 0 0
2 2 1.5 0 5
3 3 5 1 5
4 4 5 10 5
5 5 15 10 20
11.5 Using a clean cloth or wipe, remove the test-rod from the chuck. Do not tough the surfaces with fingers.
11.6 Attach the PTFE rod holder.
11.7 Wipe the rod with a clean, lintless cloth or tissue.
11.8 Rinse the rod with acetone.
11.9 Store cleaned and sanded test rods in isooctane until use. Time between sanding and use should not exceed 1 h when stored
in isooctane and should not exceed 5 min 5 min when not stored in isooctane.
12. Procedure
12.1 Prepare the corrosion test-rod and test apparatus in accordance with Sections 10 and 11.
12.2 Transfer the test sample or standard into the test jar using a graduated cylinder.
12.2.1 Use 300 mL 300 mL of test sample or standard for the large
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