ASTM D4898-23
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Insoluble Contamination of Hydraulic Fluids by Gravimetric Analysis
Standard Test Method for Insoluble Contamination of Hydraulic Fluids by Gravimetric Analysis
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method indicates and measures the amount of insoluble contamination of hydraulic fluids. Minimizing the levels of insoluble contamination of hydraulic fluids is essential for the satisfactory performance and long life of the equipment. Insoluble contamination can not only plug filters but can damage functional system components resulting in wear and eventual system failure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of insoluble contamination in hydraulic fluids by gravimetric analysis. The contamination determined includes both particulate and gel-like matter, organic and inorganic, which is retained on a membrane filter disk of pore diameter as required by applicable specifications (usually 0.45 μm or 0.80 μm).
1.2 To indicate the nature and distribution of the particulate contamination, the gravimetric method should be supplemented by occasional particle counts of typical samples in accordance with Test Method F312.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific warning statement, see 7.1.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4898 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Insoluble Contamination of Hydraulic Fluids by Gravimetric
1
Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4898; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods
D1836 Specification for Commercial Hexanes
1.1 This test method covers the determination of insoluble
D2021 Specification for Neutral Detergent, 40 Percent Al-
contamination in hydraulic fluids by gravimetric analysis. The
3
kylbenzene Sulfonate Type (Withdrawn 2000)
contamination determined includes both particulate and gel-
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
like matter, organic and inorganic, which is retained on a
Fuels, and Lubricants
membrane filter disk of pore diameter as required by applicable
E319 Practice for the Evaluation of Single-Pan Mechanical
specifications (usually 0.45 μm or 0.80 μm).
3
Balances (Withdrawn 2021)
1.2 To indicate the nature and distribution of the particulate
F302 Practice for Field Sampling of Aerospace Fluids in
contamination, the gravimetric method should be supple-
Containers
mented by occasional particle counts of typical samples in
F303 Practices for Sampling for Particles in Aerospace
accordance with Test Method F312.
Fluids and Components
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
F312 Test Methods for Microscopical Sizing and Counting
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Particles from Aerospace Fluids on Membrane Filters
standard.
F314 Methods of Test for Identification of Metallic and
Fibrous Contaminants in Aerospace Fluids (Withdrawn
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 1990)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
2.2 Military Standard:
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
MIL-C-81302C Cleaning Compound Solvent Trichlorotrif-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 4
luoroethane
For a specific warning statement, see 7.1.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
3. Terminology
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1 Definitions:
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical to Terminology D4175.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4. Summary of Test Method
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 The insoluble contamination is determined by passing a
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
given quantity of a fluid sample through a membrane filter disk
A555/A555M Specification for General Requirements for
and measuring the resultant increase in the mass of the filter.
The fluid sample is drawn through the filter by a vacuum and
the insoluble contamination is collected on the surface of the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
filter. In addition, the filter disk is microscopically scanned for
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
excessively large particles, fibers, or other unusual conditions.
Subcommittee D02.N0 on Hydraulic Fluids.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2023. Published December 2023. Originally
approved in 1965. Test Method F313 was redesignated as D4898 in 1988. Last
previous edition approved in 2016 as D4898 – 16. DOI: 10.1520/D4898-23.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM www.astm.org.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
the ASTM website. Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4898 − 23
5. Significance and Use 7. Reagents
5.1 This test method indicates and measures the amount of 7.1 Commercial Hexane, conforming t
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4898 − 16 D4898 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Insoluble Contamination of Hydraulic Fluids by Gravimetric
1
Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4898; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of insoluble contamination in hydraulic fluids by gravimetric analysis. The
contamination determined includes both particulate and gel-like matter, organic and inorganic, which is retained on a membrane
filter disk of pore diameter as required by applicable specifications (usually 0.45 μm or 0.80 μm).
1.2 To indicate the nature and distribution of the particulate contamination, the gravimetric method should be supplemented by
occasional particle counts of typical samples in accordance with Test Method F312.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific warning statement, see 6.17.1.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A555/A555M Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods
D1836 Specification for Commercial Hexanes
3
D2021 Specification for Neutral Detergent, 40 Percent Alkylbenzene Sulfonate Type (Withdrawn 2000)
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
3
E319 Practice for the Evaluation of Single-Pan Mechanical Balances (Withdrawn 2021)
F302 Practice for Field Sampling of Aerospace Fluids in Containers
F303 Practices for Sampling for Particles in Aerospace Fluids and Components
F312 Test Methods for Microscopical Sizing and Counting Particles from Aerospace Fluids on Membrane Filters
3
F314 Methods of Test for Identification of Metallic and Fibrous Contaminants in Aerospace Fluids (Withdrawn 1990)
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.N0 on Hydraulic Fluids.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2016Dec. 1, 2023. Published February 2016December 2023. Originally approved in 1965. Test Method F313 was redesignated as D4898
ɛ1
in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 20102016 as D4898 – 90 (2010)D4898 – 16. . DOI: 10.1520/D4898-16.10.1520/D4898-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4898 − 23
2.2 Military Standard:
4
MIL-C-81302C Cleaning Compound Solvent Trichlorotrifluoroethane
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D4175.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The insoluble contamination is determined by passing a given quantity of a fluid sample through a membrane filter disk and
measuring the resultant increase in the mass of the filter. The fluid sample is drawn through the filter by a vacuum and the insoluble
contamination is collected on the surface of the filter. In addition, the filter disk is microscopically scanned for excessively large
particles, fibers, or other unusual conditions.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method indicates
...
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