ASTM F1306-21

Standard Test Method for Slow Rate Penetration Resistance of Flexible Barrier Films and Laminates

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Penetration resistance is an important end-use performance of thin flexible materials where a sharp-edged product can destroy the integrity of a barrier wrap. This will permit package entry/exit of gases, odors, and unwanted contaminates, causing potential harm to the product and reducing shelf-life. Material response to penetration will vary with numerous factors, such as film thickness, elastic modulus, rate of penetration, temperature, shape and type of probe. Consequently, material responses from puncture to stretch may be observed and quantified using this method. Although numerous combinations of experimental factors can be devised and used to simulate specific end-use applications, the recommended conditions in this method should be followed for standard comparisons of materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method permits flexible barrier films and laminates to be characterized for slow rate penetration resistance to a driven probe. The test is performed at room temperature, by applying a biaxial stress at a single test velocity on the material until perforation occurs. The force, energy, and probe penetration to failure are determined.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Jan-2021
• ICS: 55.040 - Packaging materials and accessories
• ICS: 83.140.10 - Films and sheets
• Technical Committee: F02 - Primary Barrier Packaging
• Drafting Committee: F02.20 - Physical Properties

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F1306 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Slow Rate Penetration Resistance of Flexible Barrier Films
1
and Laminates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1306; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
3
1. Scope 2.2 ASQ Standards:
ASQ/ANSI Z1.9 Sampling Procedures and Tables for In-
1.1 This test method permits flexible barrier films and
spection by Variables for Percent Nonconforming
laminates to be characterized for slow rate penetration resis-
tance to a driven probe. The test is performed at room
3. Terminology
temperature, by applying a biaxial stress at a single test
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
velocity on the material until perforation occurs. The force,
3.1.1 elongation (stretch)—the elastic/plastic deformation
energy, and probe penetration to failure are determined.
of flexible sheet material under penetration by a driven probe.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1.2 penetration resistance—the ability of a flexible sheet
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
material to withstand elongation and/or puncture by a driven
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
probe.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.3 perforation—the development of a measurable flaw
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
through a barrier film undergoing penetration.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.4 probe penetration to failure—distance probe travels
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
from film contact to an instantaneous drop in load as observed
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
on test equipment output.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1.5 puncture—the brittle elastic fracture of a flexible sheet
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
material under penetration by a driven probe.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1.6 universal testing apparatus—machinecapableofmea-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
suring tensile stress and compressive strength of materials.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 Penetration resistance is an important end-use perfor-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
mance of thin flexible materials where a sharp-edged product
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
can destroy the integrity of a barrier wrap. This will permit
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
package entry/exit of gases, odors, and unwanted
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
contaminates, causing potential harm to the product and
F2251 Test Method for Thickness Measurement of Flexible
reducing shelf-life. Material response to penetration will vary
Packaging Material
with numerous factors, such as film thickness, elastic modulus,
rate of penetration, temperature, shape and type of probe.
Consequently, material responses from puncture to stretch may
1
be observed and quantified using this method. Although
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F02 on Primary
Barrier Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.20 on
numerous combinations of experimental factors can be devised
Physical Properties.
and used to simulate specific end-use applications, the recom-
Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2021. Published February 2021. Originally
mended conditions in this method should be followed for
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as F1306 – 16. DOI:
10.1520/F1306-21. standard comparisons of materials.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American Society for Quality (ASQ), 600 N. Plankinton Ave.,
the ASTM website. Milwaukee, WI 53203, http://www.asq.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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F1306 − 21
5. Apparatus 7.2 Install probe apparatus.
5.1 Universal Testing Apparatus, with a recording device. 7.3 Center probe ove
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1306 − 16 F1306 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Slow Rate Penetration Resistance of Flexible Barrier Films
1
and Laminates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1306; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method permits flexible barrier films and laminates to be characterized for slow rate penetration resistance to a driven
probe. The test is performed at room temperature, by applying a biaxial stress at a single test velocity on the material until
perforation occurs. The force, energy, and elongation probe penetration to perforationfailure are determined.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to
inch-pound units that after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insulation (Metric) D0374_D0374M
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
F2251 Test Method for Thickness Measurement of Flexible Packaging Material
3
2.2 ASQ Standards:
ASQ/ANSI Z1.9 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Variables for Percent Nonconforming
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 elongation (stretch)—the elastic/plastic deformation of flexible sheet material under penetration by a driven probe.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F02 on Primary Barrier Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.20 on Physical
Properties.
Current edition approved March 1, 2016Jan. 15, 2021. Published April 2016February 2021. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 20082016 as
ɛ1
F1306 – 90F1306 – 16.(2008) . DOI: 10.1520/F1306-16.10.1520/F1306-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American Society for Quality (ASQ), 600 N. Plankinton Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53203, http://www.asq.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1306 − 21
3.1.2 penetration resistance—the ability of a flexible sheet material to withstand elongation and/or puncture by a driven probe.
3.1.3 perforation—the development of a measurable flaw through a barrier film undergoing penetration.
3.1.4 probe penetration to failure—distance probe travels from film contact to an instantaneous drop in load as observed on
Universal Testing Equipment recorder.test equipment output.
3.1.5 puncture—the brittle elastic fracture of a flexible sheet material under penetration by a driven probe.
3.1.6 universal testing apparatus—machine capable of measuring tensile stress and compressive strength of materials.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Penetration resistance is an important end-use performance of thin flexible materials where a sharp-edged product can destroy
the integrity of a barrier wrap. This will permit package entry/exit of gases, odors, and unwanted contaminates, causing potential
harm to the product and reducing shelf-life. Material response to penetration will vary with numerous factors, such as film
thickness, elastic modulus, rate of penetration, temperature, shape and type of
...