ASTM D8395-23

Standard Specification for Aramid Fiber for Asphalt Mixtures

SCOPE
1.1 This standard specification covers a standardized method whereby an aromatic polyamide fiber can be evaluated prior to modification where the finished product (formulation of aramid fiber plus some form of treatment) is to be used in asphalt mixtures. The aromatic, polyamide fiber (shortened to “aramid” in non-treated form) can be specified by physical and mechanical properties whereby the aramid fiber is treated and the final product form is used in asphalt mixtures. The purpose of adding aramid fiber is to improve the asphalt mixture’s mechanical performance. Aramid fiber may provide structural properties to the mixture and thus is different than fibers such as cellulose fibers that are used to prevent drain down. The aramid fiber may be coated (that is, “treated”) with a binder such as wax, emulsion, or similar. The fiber can also be blended with a polyolefin fiber or other additive to reduce loss of fibers into the airstream during mixing due to the lightweight nature of aramid fiber. The mechanical properties listed in the standard specification are for the non-treated aramid fiber since it is difficult to test shortened fibers for properties such as linear density, tensile strength, and Young’s modulus.  
1.2 This standard specification does not address the performance of asphalt binder blends with aramid fiber or that of the asphalt mixture containing aramid fiber, but rather specifies the aramid fiber properties for use in formulating the finished product which is then used in asphalt mixtures.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in International System of Units (SI) are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2023
• ICS: 59.100.30 - Aramide materials
• Technical Committee: D04 - Road and Paving Materials
• Drafting Committee: D04.23 - Plant-Mixed Asphalt Surfaces and Bases

Relations

• Refers: ASTM D7269/D7269M-20 - Standard Test Methods for Tensile Testing of Aramid Yarns
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2020
• Refers: ASTM E1131-20 - Standard Test Method for Compositional Analysis by Thermogravimetry
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2020

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D8395 − 23
Standard Specification for
1
Aramid Fiber for Asphalt Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8395; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This standard specification covers a standardized
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
method whereby an aromatic polyamide fiber can be evaluated
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
prior to modification where the finished product (formulation
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
of aramid fiber plus some form of treatment) is to be used in
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
asphalt mixtures. The aromatic, polyamide fiber (shortened to
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
“aramid” in non-treated form) can be specified by physical and
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
mechanical properties whereby the aramid fiber is treated and
the final product form is used in asphalt mixtures. The purpose
2. Referenced Documents
of adding aramid fiber is to improve the asphalt mixture’s
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
mechanical performance. Aramid fiber may provide structural
D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pave-
properties to the mixture and thus is different than fibers such
ments
as cellulose fibers that are used to prevent drain down. The
D1907/D1907M Test Method for Linear Density of Yarn
aramid fiber may be coated (that is, “treated”) with a binder
(Yarn Number) by the Skein Method
such as wax, emulsion, or similar. The fiber can also be blended
D2256/D2256M Test Method for Tensile Properties of Yarns
with a polyolefin fiber or other additive to reduce loss of fibers
by the Single-Strand Method
into the airstream during mixing due to the lightweight nature
D2258/D2258M Practice for Sampling Yarn for Testing
of aramid fiber. The mechanical properties listed in the
D7269/D7269M Test Methods for Tensile Testing of Aramid
standard specification are for the non-treated aramid fiber since
Yarns
it is difficult to test shortened fibers for properties such as linear
E1131 Test Method for Compositional Analysis by Thermo-
density, tensile strength, and Young’s modulus.
gravimetry
1.2 This standard specification does not address the perfor-
mance of asphalt binder blends with aramid fiber or that of the
3. Terminology
asphalt mixture containing aramid fiber, but rather specifies the
3.1 Definitions—Definitions for many terms common to
aramid fiber properties for use in formulating the finished
asphalt binder and asphalt mixtures are found in Terminology
product which is then used in asphalt mixtures.
D8.
1.3 Units—The values stated in International System of
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Units (SI) are to be regarded as standard. No other units of
3.2.1 non-treated aramid fiber, n—a class of heat-resistant,
measurement are included in this standard.
lightweight, high-strength synthetic fibers with molecules that
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes are relatively rigid polymer chains formed from monomers
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes linked via covalent bonding.
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered 3.2.1.1 Discussion—The term “aramid” is short for aromatic
polyamide or para-aramid. Aramid fibers derive their proper-
as requirements of the standard.
ties from crystalline domains of poly (p-phenylene terephtha-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
lamide) (PPTA). The microstructure of aramid fibers reveals
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
elongated highly crystalline fibrils in which the PPTA chains
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
are aligned along the fibril length forming stacked PPTA
sheets. PPTA crystal structure is highly anisotropic along the
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
2
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.23 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Plant-Mixed Asphalt Surfaces and Bases. contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved May 1, 2023. Published May 2023. DOI: 10.1520/ Standards volume in
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