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ASTM C1426-14(2020)

(Practice)

Standard Practices for Verification and Calibration of Polarimeters

Standard Practices for Verification and Calibration of Polarimeters

ABSTRACT
This practice covers the standards for the verification and calibration of polarimeters required to maintain these instruments and ensure that the optical setup is within specification for satisfactory measurements. Verification and calibration procedures are performed using two types of procedures: Procedure A (verification) and Procedure B (calibration). Procedure A is done by measuring individual components and their orientation to ensure that they comply accordingly. Procedure B is done by determining the accuracy of the polarimeter using a calibrated gage or retarder.
SCOPE
1.1 Polarimeters and polariscopes used for measuring stress in glass are described in Test Methods F218, C148, and C978. These instruments include a light source and several optical elements (polarizers, optical retarders, filters, and so forth) that require occasional cleaning, realigning, and calibration. The objective of these practices is to describe the calibration and verification procedures required to maintain these instruments in calibration and ensure that the optical setup is within specification for satisfactory measurements.  
1.2 It is mandatory throughout these practices that both verification and calibration are carried out by qualified personnel who fully understand the concepts used in measurements of stress retardation and are experienced in the practices of measuring procedures described in Test Methods F218, C148, and C978.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Jul-2020
ICS
71.040.10 - Chemical laboratories. Laboratory equipment
Technical Committee
C14 - Glass and Glass Products
Drafting Committee
C14.04 - Physical and Mechanical Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C1426-14 - Standard Practices for Verification and Calibration of Polarimeters
Effective Date
01-Aug-2020
Refers
ASTM C162-23 - Standard Terminology of Glass and Glass Products
Effective Date
01-Oct-2023
Refers
ASTM C978-04(2019) - Standard Test Method for Photoelastic Determination of Residual Stress in a Transparent Glass Matrix Using a Polarizing Microscope and Optical Retardation Compensation Procedures
Effective Date
01-Feb-2019
Refers
ASTM C770-16 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Glass Stress—Optical Coefficient
Effective Date
01-May-2016
Refers
ASTM C162-05(2015) - Standard Terminology of<brk type="line"/> Glass and Glass Products
Effective Date
01-Nov-2015
Refers
ASTM C148-14 - Standard Test Methods for Polariscopic Examination of Glass Containers
Effective Date
01-May-2014
Refers
ASTM C978-04(2014) - Standard Test Method for Photoelastic Determination of Residual Stress in a Transparent Glass Matrix Using a Polarizing Microscope and Optical Retardation Compensation Procedures
Effective Date
01-May-2014
Refers
ASTM C770-98(2013) - Standard Test Method for<brk type="line"/> Measurement of Glass Stress&mdash;Optical Coefficient
Effective Date
01-Oct-2013
Refers
ASTM C148-12 - Standard Test Methods for Polariscopic Examination of Glass Containers
Effective Date
01-Apr-2012
Refers
ASTM F218-12 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Optical Retardation and Analyzing Stress in Glass
Effective Date
01-Mar-2012
Refers
ASTM C148-00(2011) - Standard Test Methods for Polariscopic Examination of Glass Containers
Effective Date
01-Apr-2011
Refers
ASTM C978-04(2009) - Standard Test Method for Photoelastic Determination of Residual Stress in a Transparent Glass Matrix Using a Polarizing Microscope and Optical Retardation Compensation Procedures
Effective Date
01-May-2009
Refers
ASTM C770-98(2008) - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Glass Stress&#8212;Optical Coefficient
Effective Date
01-Apr-2008
Refers
ASTM C148-00(2006) - Standard Test Methods for Polariscopic Examination of Glass Containers
Effective Date
01-Apr-2006
Refers
ASTM C162-05(2010) - Standard Terminology of Glass and Glass Products
Effective Date
01-Oct-2005

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ASTM C1426-14(2020) - Standard Practices for Verification and Calibration of PolarimetersASTM C1426-14(2020) - Standard Practices for Verification and Calibration of Polarimeters
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ASTM C1426-14(2020) - Standard Practices for Verification and Calibration of Polarimeters
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1426 −14 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Practices for
Verification and Calibration of Polarimeters
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1426; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C978Test Method for Photoelastic Determination of Re-
sidual Stress in a Transparent Glass Matrix Using a
1.1 Polarimeters and polariscopes used for measuring stress
Polarizing Microscope and Optical Retardation Compen-
in glass are described in Test Methods F218, C148, and C978.
sation Procedures
These instruments include a light source and several optical
F218Test Method for Measuring Optical Retardation and
elements(polarizers,opticalretarders,filters,andsoforth)that
Analyzing Stress in Glass
require occasional cleaning, realigning, and calibration. The
objective of these practices is to describe the calibration and
3. Terminology
verification procedures required to maintain these instruments
in calibration and ensure that the optical setup is within
3.1 For definitions of terms used in these practices, see
specification for satisfactory measurements.
Terminology C162.
1.2 It is mandatory throughout these practices that both
4. Principles of Verification and Calibration Procedures
verification and calibration are carried out by qualified person-
nelwhofullyunderstandtheconceptsusedinmeasurementsof
4.1 Verification and calibration of polarimeters are accom-
stress retardation and are experienced in the practices of
plished using the following procedures:
measuring procedures described in Test Methods F218, C148,
4.1.1 Procedure A (Verification)—Measure individual com-
and C978.
ponents and their orientation to ensure that the requirements of
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as Test Methods F218, C148, and C978 are satisfied.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
4.1.2 Procedure B (Calibration)—Determine the accuracy
standard.
of the polarimeter using a calibrated gauge or retarder.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
5. Auxiliary Component Requirements
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5.1 The following are required to verify and calibrate a
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
polarimeter:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5.1.1 Verification of Components (Procedure A):
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.1.1.1 Verification of Polarization Effıciency, a light-
intensity meter, linear over the range of measured values.
2. Referenced Documents
5.1.1.2 Verification of Quarter-wave Plate, a Babinet com-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
pensator equipped polarimeter, with a monochromatic light
C148Test Methods for Polariscopic Examination of Glass
source of traceable wavelength.
Containers
5.1.1.3 Reference Polarizer With Known Axis.
C162Terminology of Glass and Glass Products
5.1.2 Calibration of Polarimeter (Procedure B):
C770Test Method for Measurement of Glass Stress—
5.1.2.1 Procedure B requires a gauge with a calibrated,
Optical Coefficient
known retardation. The calibrated gauge must have sufficient
retardation to calibrate the instrument within its intended use
These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C14 on Glass range. For example, a polariscope/polarimeter used in Test
and Glass Products and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.04 on
Methods C148 should be calibrated using a gauge exhibiting a
Physical and Mechanical Properties.
retardation range of from 0 to 227 nm (0 to 10 temper grade).
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2020. Published September 2020. Originally
5.1.2.2 Alternately, a rectangular cross-section specimen
approved in 1999. Last previous addition approved in 2014 as C1426 – 14. DOI:
10.1520/C1426-14R20.
prepared from an SRM glass having a known stress-optical
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
constant, subjected to uniaxial compression in a calibrated
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
testing machine, may be used instead of a calibrated gauge
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. with known retardation.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1426 − 14 (2020)
6. Verification and Calibration Procedures 90° in the field of view to bring it into the correct orientation.
Rotate the analyzer clockwise from the zero position until the
6.1 Procedure A—Verification and Aligning of Components:
retarder is uniformly at its darkest hue (maximum extinction)
6.1.1 Verification of Polarization Effıciency—Using a light-
and take the reading from the analyzer dial. Convert the
intensity meter, measure the light intensity, wit
...

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