ASTM D4054-16
(Practice)Standard Practice for Qualification and Approval of New Aviation Turbine Fuels and Fuel Additives
Standard Practice for Qualification and Approval of New Aviation Turbine Fuels and Fuel Additives
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The intent of this document is to streamline the approval process. The objective is to permit a new fuel or additive to be evaluated and transitioned into field use in a cost effective and timely manner.
3.2 Its purpose is to guide the sponsor of a new fuel or new fuel additive through a clearly defined approval process that includes the prerequisite testing and required interactions with the engine and airframe manufacturers; standards organizations; and airworthiness agencies such as the FAA and EASA. This practice provides a basis for calculating the volume of additive or fuel required for assessment, insight into the cost associated with taking a new fuel or new fuel additive through the approval process, and a clear path forward for introducing a new technology for the benefit of the aviation community.
3.3 This process may also be used to assess the impact of changes to fuels due to changes in production methods and/or changes during transportation. An example is assessment of incidental materials on fuel properties. In the context of Practice D4054, incidental materials shall be considered as an additive.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers and provides a framework for the qualification and approval of new fuels and new fuel additives for use in commercial and military aviation gas turbine engines. The practice was developed as a guide by the aviation gas-turbine engine Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) with ASTM International member support. The OEMs are solely responsible for approval of a fuel or additive in their respective engines and airframes. For the purpose of this guide, “approval” means “permission to use;” it is not an endorsement of any kind. Standards organizations such as ASTM International (Subcommittee D02.J0), United Kingdom Ministry of Defence, and the U.S. Military list only those fuels and additives that are mutually acceptable to all OEMs. ASTM International and OEM participation in the evaluation or approval procedure does not constitute an endorsement of the fuel or additive.
1.2 The OEMs will consider a new fuel or additive based on an established need or benefit attributed to its use. Upon OEM and regulatory authority approval, the fuel or fuel additive may be listed in fuel specifications such as Pratt & Whitney (P&W) Service Bulletin No. 2016; General Electric Aviation (GE) Specification No. D50TF2; and Rolls Royce (RR) engine manuals. Subsequent to OEM approval and industry (ASTM) review and ballot, the fuel or fuel additive may be listed in fuel specifications such as Specification D1655, Defence Standard 91-91, United States Air Force MIL-DTL-83133, and the United States Navy MIL-DTL-5624. This qualification and approval process has been coordinated with airworthiness and certification groups within each company, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), and the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA).
1.3 Units of measure throughout this practice are stated in International System of Units (SI) unless the test method specifies non-SI units.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D4054 −16 An American National Standard
Standard Practice for
Qualification and Approval of New Aviation Turbine Fuels
1
and Fuel Additives
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4054; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This practice covers and provides a framework for the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
qualification and approval of new fuels and new fuel additives
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
for use in commercial and military aviation gas turbine
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
engines.Thepracticewasdevelopedasaguidebytheaviation
gas-turbineengineOriginalEquipmentManufacturers(OEMs)
2. Referenced Documents
with ASTM International member support. The OEMs are
solely responsible for approval of a fuel or additive in their 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
respectiveenginesandairframes.Forthepurposeofthisguide,
A240/A240MSpecification for Chromium and Chromium-
“approval”means“permissiontouse;”itisnotanendorsement
Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure
of any kind. Standards organizations such as ASTM Interna-
Vessels and for General Applications
tional (Subcommittee D02.J0), United Kingdom Ministry of
B36/B36MSpecification for Brass Plate, Sheet, Strip, And
Defence, and the U.S. Military list only those fuels and
Rolled Bar
additives that are mutually acceptable to all OEMs. ASTM
B93/B93MSpecification for Magnesium Alloys in Ingot
International and OEM participation in the evaluation or
Form for Sand Castings, Permanent Mold Castings, and
approval procedure does not constitute an endorsement of the
Die Castings
fuel or additive.
D56Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup Tester
1.2 TheOEMswillconsideranewfueloradditivebasedon
D86Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and
an established need or benefit attributed to its use. Upon OEM
Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
andregulatoryauthorityapproval,thefuelorfueladditivemay
D93Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
be listed in fuel specifications such as Pratt &Whitney (P&W)
Closed Cup Tester
Service Bulletin No. 2016; General Electric Aviation (GE)
D257Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance of
Specification No. D50TF2; and Rolls Royce (RR) engine
Insulating Materials
manuals. Subsequent to OEM approval and industry (ASTM)
D395Test Methods for Rubber Property—Compression Set
reviewandballot,thefuelorfueladditivemaybelistedinfuel
D412TestMethodsforVulcanizedRubberandThermoplas-
specifications such as Specification D1655, Defence Standard
tic Elastomers—Tension
91-91, United States Air Force MIL-DTL-83133, and the
D445Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
United States Navy MIL-DTL-5624. This qualification and
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of DynamicViscos-
approval process has been coordinated with airworthiness and
ity)
certification groups within each company, the FederalAviation
D471Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids
Administration (FAA), and the European Aviation Safety
D790Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced
Agency (EASA).
and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-
1.3 Units of measure throughout this practice are stated in
als
International System of Units (SI) unless the test method
D924Test Method for Dissipation Factor (or Power Factor)
specifies non-SI units.
and Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Electri-
cal Insulating Liquids
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum
Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
2
mittee D02.J0.04 on Additives and Electrical Properties. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved April 1, 2016. Published August 2016. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D4054–14. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI:10.1520/D4054-16. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4054−16
D1002Test Method for Apparent Shear Strength of Single- Evaluator (BOCLE)
Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4054 − 14 D4054 − 16 An American National Standard
Standard Practice for
Qualification and Approval of New Aviation Turbine Fuels
1
and Fuel Additives
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4054; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice covers and provides a framework for the qualification and approval of new fuels and new fuel additives for
use in commercial and military aviation gas turbine engines. The practice was developed as a guide by the aviation gas-turbine
engine Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) with ASTM International member support. The OEMs are solely responsible
for approval of a fuel or additive in their respective engines and airframes. For the purpose of this guide, “approval” means
“permission to use;” it is not an endorsement of any kind. Standards organizations such as ASTM International (Subcommittee
D02.J0), United Kingdom Ministry of Defence, and the U.S. militaryMilitary list only those fuels and additives that are mutually
acceptable to all OEMs. ASTM International and OEM participation in the evaluation or approval procedure does not constitute
an endorsement of the fuel or additive.
1.2 The OEMs will consider a new fuel or additive based on an established need or benefit attributed to its use. Upon OEM
and regulatory authority approval, the fuel or fuel additive may be listed in fuel specifications such as Pratt & Whitney (P&W)
Service Bulletin No. 2016; General Electric Aviation (GE) Specification No. D50TF2; and Rolls Royce (RR) engine manuals.
Subsequent to OEM approval and industry (ASTM) review and ballot, the fuel or fuel additive may be listed in fuel specifications
such as Specification D1655, Defence Standard 91-91, United States Air Force MIL-DTL-83133, and the United States Navy
MIL-DTL-5624. This qualification and approval process has been coordinated with airworthiness and certification groups within
each company, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), and the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA).
1.3 Units of measure throughout this practice are stated in International System of Units (SI) unless the test method specifies
non-SI units.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and
for General Applications
B36/B36M Specification for Brass Plate, Sheet, Strip, And Rolled Bar
B93/B93M Specification for Magnesium Alloys in Ingot Form for Sand Castings, Permanent Mold Castings, and Die Castings
D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup Tester
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
D257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance of Insulating Materials
D395 Test Methods for Rubber Property—Compression Set
D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers—Tension
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D471 Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.J0.04 on Additives and Electrical Properties.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014April 1, 2016. Published February 2015August 2016. Originally approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 20092014 as
D4054 – 09.D4054 – 14. DOI:10.1520/D4054-14.DOI:10.1520/D4054-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. Unite
...
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