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ASTM D3950-10

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)

Standard Specification for Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)

ABSTRACT
This specification covers nonmetallic strapping and joining methods for closing, reinforcing, and bundling materials for shipment, unitizing, palletizing, and bracing for car and truck loading. The strappings are classified into five types according to the type of materials used. If necessary, seals and buckles made from steel with zinc, black iron oxide, or any equivalent corrosion protective coatings or plastic buckles may be used. Each sample should be collected and tested using the given procedures and should conform to the required values of breaking strength and elongation, transverse strength, and joint strength, when applicable, for each strapping type.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers nonmetallic strapping and joining methods intended for use in closing, reinforcing, and bundling articles for shipment, unitizing, palletizing, and bracing for car loading and truck loading.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 12, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Dec-2009
ICS
55.040 - Packaging materials and accessories
Technical Committee
D10 - Packaging
Drafting Committee
D10.25 - Palletizing and Unitizing of Loads
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D3950-09a - Standard Specification for Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)
Effective Date
01-Jan-2010
Replaced By
ASTM D3950-10a - Standard Specification for Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)
Effective Date
15-Aug-2010
Referred By
ASTM D1974/D1974M-22 - Standard Practice for Methods of Closing, Sealing, and Reinforcing Fiberboard Boxes
Effective Date
01-Jan-2010
Referred By
ASTM B660-21 - Standard Practices for Packaging/Packing of Aluminum and Magnesium Products
Effective Date
01-Jan-2010
Referred By
ASTM D4727/D4727M-22 - Standard Specification for Corrugated and Solid Fiberboard Sheet Stock (Container Grade) and Cut Shapes
Effective Date
01-Jan-2010
Referred By
ASTM A700-14(2019) - Standard Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products for Shipment
Effective Date
01-Jan-2010
Referred By
ASTM D4675-14a(2022) - Standard Guide for Selection and Use of Flat Strapping Materials<sup>1</sup>
Effective Date
01-Jan-2010
Referred By
ASTM D5168-22 - Standard Practice for Fabrication and Closure of Triple-Wall Corrugated Fiberboard Containers
Effective Date
01-Jan-2010
Referred By
ASTM D8505/D8505M-23 - Standard Specification for Basalt and Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
Effective Date
01-Jan-2010
Referred By
ASTM D5118/D5118M-22 - Standard Practice for Fabrication of Fiberboard Shipping Boxes
Effective Date
01-Jan-2010

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ASTM D3950-10 - Standard Specification for Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)ASTM D3950-10 - Standard Specification for Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)
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REDLINE ASTM D3950-10 - Standard Specification for Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)REDLINE ASTM D3950-10 - Standard Specification for Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3950 – 10
Standard Specification for
1
Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3950; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope ANSI/ASQC Z 1.9 Sampling Procedures and Tables for
3
Inspection by Variables for Percent Nonconforming
1.1 This specification covers nonmetallic strapping and
joining methods intended for use in closing, reinforcing, and
3. Terminology
bundling articles for shipment, unitizing, palletizing, and
3.1 For general definitions of packaging and distribution
bracing for car loading and truck loading.
environments, see Terminology D996.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
4. Classification
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
4.1 Types and Grades:
and are not considered standard.
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
Type I — Strapping, bonded rayon cord.
test method portion, Section 12, of this specification: This
Grade 1—Light duty.
standarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,
Grade 2—Regular duty.
Grade 3—Heavy duty.
ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuser
Type IA — Strapping, bonded, or woven polyester cord.
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
Grade 1—Light duty.
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
Grade 2—Regular duty.
tions prior to use. Grade 3—Heavy duty.
Grade 4—Extra heavy duty.
Grade 5—Special duty.
2. Referenced Documents
Grade 6—Special duty.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: Grade 7—Special duty.
Type II — Strapping, polypropylene plastic.
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
Type III — Strapping, nylon plastic.
ments
Type IV — Strapping, polyester plastic.
D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
5. Ordering Information
D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or
Packaging Components for Testing
5.1 The inquiry and order shall indicate the following:
2.2 Other Standards: 5.1.1 Type, grade, and dimensions required (see 4.1 and
ANSI/ASQC Z 1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for
7.1),
3
Inspection by Attributes 5.1.2 Length per coil (see 8.1),
5.1.3 Joining method (see 6.2), type and size required (if
needed),
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on
5.1.4 If an embossed finish on strapping is desired or
Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.25 on Palletizing
allowed (see Footnote in Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3),
and Unitizing of Loads.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2010. Published January 2010. Originally
5.1.5 Make and model of strapping equipment that the
approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D3950 – 09a. DOI:
strapping and joining method must work in, if applicable,
10.1520/D3950-10.
2
5.1.6 Coil dimensions (see 8.1),
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM 5.1.7 Level of packaging and packing if other than commer-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
cial (see Section 15), and
the ASTM website.
5.1.8 ASTM designation and date of issue.
3
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3950 – 10
TABLE 1 Breaking Strengths of Type II Strapping (PP) TABLE 2 Breaking Strengths of Type III Strapping (Nylon)
Nominal Width Nominal Thickness Minimum Nominal Width Nominal Thickness Minimum Breaking
A B
of Strapping of Strapping Breaking Strength of Strapping, of Strapping, in. (mm) Strength, lbf (N)
A B
in. (mm) in. (mm) lb (N) in. (mm)
7
0.197 (5.0) 0.0120 (0.30) 80 (360) ⁄16 (11.1) 0.017 (0.43) 420 (1870)
0.197 (5.0) 0.0145 (0.37) 100 (440) 0.023 (0.58) 560 (2490)
0.234 (5.9) 0.0135 (0.34) 130 (580) 0.029 (0.74) 700 (3110)
1
⁄2 (12.7) 0.015 (0.38) 420 (1870)
0.234 (5.9) 0.0140 (0.36) 155 (690)
0.236 (6.0) 0.0130 (0.33) 135 (600) 0.020 (0.51) 560 (2490)
0.025 (0.64) 700 (3110)
0.234 (5.9) 0.0160 (0.41) 180 (800)
0.236 (6.0) 0.0173 (0.44) 190 (850) 0.030 (0.76) 900 (4000)
1
⁄4 (6.4) 0.0135 (0.34) 134 (600)
A
When specified (see 5.1.4), the strapping as measured by a flat anvil
1
⁄4 (6.4) 0.0150 (0.38) 180
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D3950–09a Designation: D3950 – 10
Standard Specification for
1
Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3950; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers nonmetallic strapping and joining methods intended for use in closing, reinforcing, and bundling
articles for shipment, unitizing, palletizing, and bracing for car loading and truck loading.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 12, of this specification: This standard
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environments
D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or Packaging Components for Testing
2.2 Other Standards:
3
ANSI/ASQC Z 1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Attributes
3
ANSI/ASQC Z 1.9 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Variables for Percent Nonconforming
3. Terminology
3.1 For general definitions of packaging and distribution environments, see Terminology D996.
4. Classification
4.1 Types and Grades:
Type I — Strapping, bonded rayon cord.
Grade 1—Light duty.
Grade 2—Regular duty.
Grade 3—Heavy duty.
Type IA — Strapping, bonded, or woven polyester cord.
Grade 1—Light duty.
Grade 2—Regular duty.
Grade 3—Heavy duty.
Grade 4—Extra heavy duty.
Grade 5—Special duty.
Grade 6—Special duty.
Grade 7—Special duty.
Type II — Strapping, polypropylene plastic.
Type III — Strapping, nylon plastic.
Type IV — Strapping, polyester plastic.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D10 on Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.25 on Palletizing and Unitizing
of Loads.
Current edition approved Oct.Jan. 1, 2009.2010. Published October 2009.January 2010. Originally approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as
D3950 – 09a. DOI: 10.1520/D3950-09A.10.1520/D3950-10.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3950 – 10
5. Ordering Information
5.1 The inquiry and order shall indicate the following:
5.1.1 Type, grade, and dimensions required (see 4.1 and 7.1),
5.1.2 Length per coil (see 8.1),
5.1.3 Joining method (see 6.2), type and size required (if needed),
5.1.4 If an embossed finish on strapping is desired or allowed (see Footnote in Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3),
5.1.5 Make and model of strapping equipment that the strapping and joining method must work in, if applicable,
5.1.6 Coil dimensions (see 8.1),
5.1.7 Level of packaging and packing if other than commercial (see Section 15), and
5.1.8 ASTM designation and date of issue.
6. Materials and Manufacture
6.1 Materials shall be of the quality necessary to meet the physical requirements within the allowable dimensions.
6.1.1 Type I—Strapping shall consist of longitudinal rayon cords bonded with a plastic binder so that a nonwoven material is
formed.
6.1.1.1 Type IA—Strapping shall consist of longitudinal polyester cords bonded with a plastic binder to form a nonwoven
material or longitudinal polyester cords woven with a weft thread and treated with a plastic binder to form a woven material.
6.1.2 Type II—Strapping shall be an extrude
...

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1.4 Performance characteristics may be negatively affected by extremes of temperatures, such as occur during the annealing of steel.  
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat applies only to the test method portion, Sections 11, 12, and 13, of this specification:  
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D4279-95(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Shipping Containers—Constant and Cycle Methods

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods are normally used for the following purposes:  
4.1.1 To evaluate materials and constructions for a specific type of container,  
4.1.2 To compare performance of different types of containers,  
4.1.3 To determine adequacy of protection for a specific product or application, and  
4.1.4 To maintain quality control.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of water vapor transmission rates for bulk shipping containers, as follows:  
1.1.1 Method A, for Reclosable Containers, and  
1.1.2 Method B, for Containers Not Designed for Reclosing.  
1.2 Within each procedure details are given for the constant and cycle methods of test atmosphere.  
1.3 The test may be applied to the container as packed, or after one or more performance tests such as drum (Method D782), vibration (Methods D999), drop (Test Method D5276), impact resistance (Test Methods D880, D4003, and D5277), or performance tests (Practice D4169), as required.  
1.4 For small shipping containers requiring greater accuracy in weighing, the water vapor transmission may be determined in accordance with Test Method D895 or Test Method D1251.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D5168-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Fabrication and Closure of Triple-Wall Corrugated Fiberboard Containers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Triple-wall corrugated fiberboard containers are used to unitize products into containers of size and shape suitable for manual or mechanical handling and to protect the contents against environmental, handling, shipping, and storage conditions.  
4.2 This practice is intended to cover some of the basic constructions and styles of commercially available triple-wall fiberboard packaging used to unitize and protect contents.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the fabrication and closure of new triple-wall corrugated fiberboard containers.  
1.2 This practice indicates the factors and components that must be controlled in the manufacture of triple-wall fiberboard containers.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    7 pages
    English language
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  • Standard
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off