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ASTM C361-08

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Reinforced Concrete Low-Head Pressure Pipe

Standard Specification for Reinforced Concrete Low-Head Pressure Pipe

ABSTRACT
This specification covers reinforced concrete pipe intended to be used for the construction of pressure pipelines with low internal hydrostatic heads. The materials used include: reinforced concrete, Portland cement, blended cement, fly ash or pozzolan, aggregates, admixtures, steel reinforcement, steel for joint rings, steel castings for fittings, steel plates and sheets for specials and fittings, rubber gaskets, and gasket lubricants. Joints shall utilize steel joint rings, steel bells and concrete spigots, or be formed entirely of concrete. Joint assemblies shall be so formed and accurately manufactured that when the pipes are drawn together the pipe shall form a continuous watertight conduit with a smooth and uniform interior surface and shall provide for slight movements of any pipe unit in the pipeline due to expansion, contraction, settlement, or lateral displacement. The joint shall be so designed that the gaskets will not be required to support the weight of the pipe, but will keep the joint tight under all normal conditions of service. The following procedures shall be followed in manufacturing of the reinforced concrete pipes: concrete mixing, concrete placement, steam curing, water curing, and membrane curing. Compression test shall be done on concrete to determine its compressive strength. For the pipes and rubber gasket joints, hydrostatic tests shall be performed. The rubber gasket shall be subjected to different test methods to determine the following physical properties: tensile strength, elongation, hardness, compression, accelerated aging, water absorption, and ozone resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers reinforced concrete pipe intended to be used for the construction of pressure pipelines with low internal hydrostatic heads generally not exceeding 125 ft.
1.2 This specification is the inch-pound companion to Specification C 361; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented in the specification.
Note 1—Field tests on completed portions of the pipeline are not covered by this specification for the manufacture of the pipe but should be included in specifications for pipe laying.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Nov-2008
ICS
23.040.50 - Pipes and fittings of other materials
Technical Committee
C13 - Concrete Pipe
Drafting Committee
C13.04 - Low Head Pressure Pipe
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C361-05e1 - Standard Specification for Reinforced Concrete Low-Head Pressure Pipe
Effective Date
01-Dec-2008
Replaced By
ASTM C361-11 - Standard Specification for Reinforced Concrete Low-Head Pressure Pipe
Effective Date
01-Dec-2011
Referred By
ASTM C1885-21 - Standard Specification for Circular Precast Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe for Pipe Jacking
Effective Date
01-Dec-2008
Referred By
ASTM C1619-20 - Standard Specification for Elastomeric Seals for Joining Concrete Structures
Effective Date
01-Dec-2008

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C361 – 08
Standard Specification for
1
Reinforced Concrete Low-Head Pressure Pipe
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C361; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope A576 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought,
Special Quality
1.1 This specification covers reinforced concrete pipe in-
A615/A615M Specification for Deformed and Plain
tended to be used for the construction of pressure pipelines
Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
with low internal hydrostatic heads generally not exceeding
A675/A675M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-
125 ft.
Wrought, Special Quality, Mechanical Properties
1.2 This specification is the inch-pound companion to
A706/A706M Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Deformed
Specification C361; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented
and Plain Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
in the specification.
A1008/A1008M Specification for Steel, Sheet, Cold-
NOTE 1—Field tests on completed portions of the pipeline are not
Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy,
coveredbythisspecificationforthemanufactureofthepipebutshouldbe
High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, So-
included in specifications for pipe laying.
lution Hardened, and Bake Hardenable
A1011/A1011M Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip,
2. Referenced Documents
2 Hot-Rolled,Carbon,Structural,High-StrengthLow-Alloy,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, and
A27/A27M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, for
Ultra-High Strength
General Application
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
A36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
Specimens in the Field
A82/A82M SpecificationforSteelWire,Plain,forConcrete
C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
Reinforcement
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cy-
A185/A185M Specification for Steel Welded Wire Rein-
lindrical Concrete Specimens
forcement, Plain, for Concrete
C150 Specification for Portland Cement
A283/A283M Specification for Low and Intermediate Ten-
C260 Specification forAir-EntrainingAdmixtures for Con-
sile Strength Carbon Steel Plates
crete
A496/A496M Specification for Steel Wire, Deformed, for
C309 Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Com-
Concrete Reinforcement
pounds for Curing Concrete
A497/A497M Specification for Steel Welded Wire Rein-
C497M TestMethodsforConcretePipe,ManholeSections,
forcement, Deformed, for Concrete
or Tile [Metric]
A575 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Merchant Qual-
C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
ity, M-Grades
C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined
Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related
ConcretePipeandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC13.04onLowHead
Products
Pressure Pipe.
C1619 Specification for Elastomeric Seals for Joining Con-
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2008. Published December 2008. Originally
´1
approved in 1955. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C361–05 . DOI: crete Structures
10.1520/C0361-08.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C361 – 08
D698 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Character- 6.2.1.2 Blended Hydraulic Cement—Blended cement shall
3
istics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12 400 ft-lbf/ft (600 conform to the requirements of Specification C595 forType IS
3
kN-m/m )) portland blast furnace slag cement or Type IP portland pozzo-
D4253 Test Methods for Maximum Index Density and Unit lan cement, except that the pozzolan constituent in theType IP
Weight of Soils Using a Vibratory Table portland pozzolan cement shall not exceed 20% by weight.
D4254 Test Methods for Minimum Index Density and Unit
6.2.2 Fly Ash or Pozzolan—Fly ash or pozzolan shall
Weight of Soils and Calculation of Relative Density
conform to the requirements of Specification C618.
2.2 Other Standards:
6.2.3 Allowable Cementitious Materials—The combination
ACI Code 318 Standard Building Code Requirements for
of cementitious materials used in the concrete shall be one of
3
Reinforced Concrete
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation:C361–05 Designation: C 361 – 08
Standard Specification for
1
Reinforced Concrete Low-Head Pressure Pipe
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C361; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1
´ NOTE—Section 8.4.1 was corrected editorially in August 2005.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers reinforced concrete pipe intended to be used for the construction of pressure pipelines with low
internal hydrostatic heads generally not exceeding 125 ft.
1.2A complete metric companion to Specification C361 has been developed—C361M; therefore, no metric equivalents are
presented in this specification.
1.2 This specification is the inch-pound companion to Specification C361; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented in the
specification.
NOTE 1—Field tests on completed portions of the pipeline are not covered by this specification for the manufacture of the pipe but should be included
in specifications for pipe laying.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A27/A27M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application
A36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
A82/A82M Specification for Steel Wire, Plain, for Concrete Reinforcement
A185/A185M Specification for Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain, for Concrete
A283/A283M Specification for Low and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel Plates
A496/A496M Specification for Steel Wire, Deformed, for Concrete Reinforcement
A497/A497M Specification for Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement, Deformed, for Concrete A570/A570M Specification for
Steel,SheetandStrip,Carbon,
Hot-Rolled
A575 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Merchant Quality, M-Grades
A576 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality A611Specification for Structural Steel, Sheet,
3
Carbon, Cold-Rolled
A615/A615M Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
A675/A675M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality, Mechanical Properties
A706/A706M Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Deformed and Plain Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
A1008/A1008M Specification for Steel, Sheet, Cold-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy, High-Strength
Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, Solution Hardened, and Bake Hardenable
A1011/A1011M Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy, High-
Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, and Ultra-High Strength
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C150 Specification for Portland Cement
C260 Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.04 on Low Head Pressure
Pipe.
Current edition approved JulyDec. 1, 2005.2008. Published August 2005.December 2008. Originally approved in 1955. Last previous edition approved in 20032005 as
´1
C361–03aC361–05 .
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C361–08
C309 Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete
C497M Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections, or Tile [Metric]
C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
C822 TerminologyRelatingtoConcretePipeandRelatedProductsD395TestMethodsforRubberProperty—CompressionSet
D412Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers—Tension
D471Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids
D573Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration in an Air Oven
C1619 Specification for Elastomeric Seals for Joining Concrete Structures
3 3
D698 TestMethodsforLaboratoryCompactionCharacterist
...

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1.4 Person Entry shall be used unless extenuating circumstances preclude this type inspection. Remote inspection is acceptable for use for pipe diameters of 30 in. [750 mm] and smaller unless otherwise specified by owner or engineer.  
1.5 Access of installed pipe for manual inspection shall follow OSHA 29 CFR PART 1926 SUBPART AA regulations for confined space entry. However, this standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This practice does not cover deformation or deflection assessment. Concrete pipe is classified as a rigid structure because they do not bend or deflect appreciably under load before cracking. Due to these facts shape evaluation are of little or no value when evaluating concrete pipe.  
1.7 The values stated in either Imperial/US or [SI units] are to be regarded separately as standard. The SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
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ASTM
ASTM C1433M-22(Specification)
Standard Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Monolithic Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drains, and Sewers (Metric)

ABSTRACT
This specification deals with the standards for single-cell precast reinforced concrete box sections cast monolithically and proposed for use in the construction of culverts and for the conveyance of storm water industrial sewage. The reinforced concrete shall be composed of cementitious materials, mineral aggregates and water, in which steel has been embedded. The aggregates shall be sized, graded, and mixed to the proportion that will produce a homogeneous mixture. The box sections shall also undergo steam curing, water curing, and membrane curing.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers single-cell precast reinforced concrete box sections cast monolithically and intended to be used for the construction of culverts and for the conveyance of storm water industrial wastes and sewage.  
1.2 This specification is the SI companion to Specification C1433.
Note 1: This specification is primarily a manufacturing and purchasing specification. However, standard designs are included and the criteria used to develop these designs are given in Appendix X1. The successful performance of this product depends upon the proper selection of the box section, bedding, backfill, and care that the installation conforms to the construction specifications. The purchaser of the precast reinforced concrete box sections specified herein is cautioned that he must properly correlate the loading conditions and the field requirements with the box section specified and provide for inspection at the construction site.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Technical specification
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