ASTM C78-02

Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading)

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the flexural strength of concrete by the use of a simple beam with third-point loading.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI equivalent of inch-pound units has been rounded where necessary for practical application.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Jan-2002
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.61 - Testing for Strength

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C78-00 - Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading)
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2002
• Replaced By: ASTM C78-07 - Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading)
• Effective Date: 15-Aug-2007
• Referred By: ASTM C651-20 - Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Articles Using Four-Point Loading at Room Temperature
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D7972-14(2020) - Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Articles Using Three-Point Loading at Room Temperature
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2002
• Referred By: ASTM C688-22 - Standard Specification for Functional Additions for Use in Hydraulic Cements
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2002
• Referred By: ASTM C1399/C1399M-10(2015) - Standard Test Method for Obtaining Average Residual-Strength of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D7958/D7958M-17 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Performance for FRP Composite Bonded to Concrete Substrate using Beam Test
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2002
• Referred By: ASTM C928/C928M-20a - Standard Specification for Packaged, Dry, Rapid-Hardening Cementitious Materials for Concrete Repairs
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C78–02
Standard Test Method for
Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam with
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Third-Point Loading)
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationC 78;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope size, preparation, moisture condition, curing, or where the
beam has been molded or sawed to size.
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftheflexural
3.2 The results of this test method may be used to determine
strength of concrete by the use of a simple beam with
compliance with specifications or as a basis for proportioning,
third-point loading.
mixing and placement operations. It is used in testing concrete
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
for the construction of slabs and pavements (Note 1).
as the standard.The SI equivalent of inch-pound units has been
rounded where necessary for practical application.
4. Apparatus
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 The testing machine shall conform to the requirements
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
of the sections on Basis of Verification, Corrections, and Time
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Interval Between Verifications of Practices E 4. Hand operated
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
testing machines having pumps that do not provide a continu-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ous loading in one stroke are not permitted. Motorized pumps
2. Referenced Documents or hand operated positive displacement pumps having suffi-
cient volume in one continuous stroke to complete a test
2.1 ASTM Standards:
without requiring replenishment are permitted and shall be
C 31 Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Speci-
2
capable of applying loads at a uniform rate without shock or
mens in the Field
interruption.
C 42 Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores
2
4.2 Loading Apparatus—The third point loading method
and Sawed Beams of Concrete
shall be used in making flexure tests of concrete employing
C 192 Practice for Making and Curing ConcreteTest Speci-
2
bearing blocks which will ensure that forces applied to the
mens in the Laboratory
beam will be perpendicular to the face of the specimen and
C 617 Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Speci-
2
applied without eccentricity. A diagram of an apparatus that
mens
accomplishes this purpose is shown in Fig. 1.
C 1077 PracticeforLaboratoriesTestingConcreteandCon-
4.2.1 Allapparatusformakingflexuretestsofconcreteshall
crete Aggregates for Use in Construction and Criteria for
2 be capable of maintaining the specified span length and
Laboratory Evaluation
3
distances between load-applying blocks and support blocks
E 4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
constant within 60.05 in. (61.3 mm).
3. Significance and Use
4.2.2 The ratio of the horizontal distance between the point
of application of the load and the point of application of the
3.1 This test method is used to determine the flexural
nearest reaction to the depth of the beam shall be 1.0 6 0.03.
strength of specimens prepared and cured in accordance with
4.2.3 If an apparatus similar to that illustrated in Fig. 1 is
Test Methods C 42 or Practices C 31 or C 192. Results are
used: the load-applying and support blocks should not be more
calculated and reported as the modulus of rupture.The strength
1
than2 ⁄2in.(64mm)high,measuredfromthecenterortheaxis
determined will vary where there are differences in specimen
of pivot, and should extend entirely across or beyond the full
width of the specimen. Each case-hardened bearing surface in
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
contact with the specimen shall not depart from a plane by
Concrete and Concrete Aggregatesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
more than 0.002 in. (0.05 mm) and shall be a portion of a
C09.61 on Testing for Strength.
cylinder, the axis of which is coincidental with either the axis
Current edition approved Jan. 10, 2002. Published March 2002. Originally
of the rod or center of the ball, whichever the block is pivoted
published as C 78 – 30T. Last previous edition C 78 – 00.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
upon.The angle subtended by the curved surface of each block
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
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