ASTM E32-21
(Practice)Standard Practices for Sampling Ferroalloys and Steel Additives for Determination of Chemical Composition
Standard Practices for Sampling Ferroalloys and Steel Additives for Determination of Chemical Composition
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These practices for the sampling of ferroalloys and steel additives are intended for use with test methods used to demonstrate compliance with composition specifications. It is assumed that all who use these methods will be trained samplers capable of performing common sampling procedures skillfully and safely.
SCOPE
1.1 These practices include procedures for the sampling of the various ferroalloys and steel additives, either before or after shipment from the plants of the manufacturers. They are designed to give results representative of each lot that will be comparable with the manufacturer's guaranteed analysis for the same lot. For check analysis, the purchaser may use any sampling procedure desired, but the analytical results obtained on such samples shall not be a basis for compliance or rejection, unless the procedure followed is of an accuracy equivalent to that prescribed in these methods.
1.2 In sampling ferroalloys and steel additives, serious errors often occur from contamination of the samples by iron from the sampling appliances. Therefore, special precautions should be observed to avoid this source of error. Metallic iron may be removed with a magnet from nonmagnetic alloys; its estimation in other alloys requires special analytical procedures (Annex A1). To avoid this error, parts of crushers and pulverizing equipment contacting the samples shall be of steel or other material showing a high resistance to abrasion of the type involved.
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E32 − 21
Standard Practices for
Sampling Ferroalloys and Steel Additives for Determination
1
of Chemical Composition
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E32; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 These practices include procedures for the sampling of 2.1 ASTM Standards:
thevariousferroalloysandsteeladditives,eitherbeforeorafter E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
shipment from the plants of the manufacturers. They are Sieves
designed to give results representative of each lot that will be E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for
comparable with the manufacturer’s guaranteed analysis for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
the same lot. For check analysis, the purchaser may use any E354 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of High-
sampling procedure desired, but the analytical results obtained Temperature,Electrical,Magnetic,andOtherSimilarIron,
on such samples shall not be a basis for compliance or Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys
rejection, unless the procedure followed is of an accuracy
3. Terminology
equivalent to that prescribed in these methods.
3.1 For definitions of terms used in these practices, refer to
1.2 In sampling ferroalloys and steel additives, serious
Terminology E135.
errors often occur from contamination of the samples by iron
from the sampling appliances. Therefore, special precautions
4. Significance and Use
should be observed to avoid this source of error. Metallic iron
may be removed with a magnet from nonmagnetic alloys; its 4.1 These practices for the sampling of ferroalloys and steel
additives are intended for use with test methods used to
estimationinotheralloysrequiresspecialanalyticalprocedures
(Annex A1). To avoid this error, parts of crushers and pulver- demonstrate compliance with composition specifications. It is
assumed that all who use these methods will be trained
izing equipment contacting the samples shall be of steel or
other material showing a high resistance to abrasion of the type samplers capable of performing common sampling procedures
involved. skillfully and safely.
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
5. Apparatus for Preparing Samples
as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
5.1 The following equipment is required for the preparation
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
of analytical samples of ferroalloys:
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.1.1 Crusher—A strongly built jaw crusher capable of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1
rapidly crushing 100 mm (4 in.) lumps to sizes 6.4 mm ( ⁄4 in.)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
and smaller shall be used. The crushing plates of this machine
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
shall be made of a hard and abrasion-resistant steel, such as
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
manganesesteeloraproperlyhardenedalloyorhypereutectoid
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
carbon steel.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5.1.2 Roll Crusher—A roll crusher, the rolls of which are
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
fitted with tires of hardened and tempered chromium steel to
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
avoid iron contamination of the sample, shall be used to reduce
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1
the 6.4 mm ( ⁄4 in.) pieces to a particle size that will pass the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2.00 mm(No.10)sieveandberetainedonthe850 µm(No.20)
sieve.
1
These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on
Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and are the direct
2
responsibility of Subcommittee E01.01 on Iron, Steel, and Ferroalloys. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2021. Published May 2021. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1939. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as E32 – 15. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/E0032-21. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Con
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E32 − 15 E32 − 21
Standard Practices for
Sampling Ferroalloys and Steel Additives for Determination
1
of Chemical Composition
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E32; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 These practices include procedures for the sampling of the various ferroalloys and steel additives, either before or after
shipment from the plants of the manufacturers. They are designed to give results representative of each lot that will be comparable
with the manufacturer’s guaranteed analysis for the same lot. For check analysis, the purchaser may use any sampling procedure
he desires, desired, but the analytical results obtained on such samples shall not be a basis for complaintcompliance or rejection,
unless the procedure followed is of an accuracy equivalent to that prescribed in these methods.
1.2 In sampling ferroalloys and steel additives, serious errors often occur from contamination of the samples by iron from the
sampling appliances. Therefore, special precautions should be observed to avoid this source of error. Metallic iron may be removed
with a magnet from nonmagnetic alloys; its estimation in other alloys requires special analytical procedures (Note 1Annex A1).
To avoid this error, parts of crushers and pulverizing equipment contacting the samples shall be of steel or other material showing
a high resistance to abrasion of the type involved.
NOTE 1—Metallic iron in ferrochromium and ferrosilicon may be determined as follows: Transfer 5 g of the sample of alloy to a 150-mL beaker, add 25
mL of HNO (1 + 3), cover, boil 5 min, filter into a 250-mL beaker, and wash with hot water. Add NH OH in slight excess, heat to boiling, filter, and
3 4
wash with hot water. Dissolve the precipitate on the paper with a minimum quantity of hot HCl (1 + 2), wash the filter with hot water, and titrate the iron
by a standard procedure such as that described in Test Method E354.
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound values in parenthesis are given for
information only.given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
1
These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and are the direct responsibility
of Subcommittee E01.01 on Iron, Steel, and Ferroalloys.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2015May 1, 2021. Published February 2016May 2021. Originally approved in 1939. Last previous edition approved in 20062015 as
ϵ1
E32 – 86 (2006)E32 – 15. . DOI: 10.1520/E0032-15.10.1520/E0032-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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E32 − 21
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
E354 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of High-Temperature, Electrical, Magnetic, and Other Similar Iron, Nickel, and
Cobalt Alloys
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms used in these practices, refer to Terminology E135.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 These practices for the sampling of ferroalloys and steel additives are primarily intended to test such materials for compli
...
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