ASTM D3163-01(2023)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining Strength of Adhesively Bonded Rigid Plastic Lap-Shear Joints in Shear by Tension Loading
Standard Test Method for Determining Strength of Adhesively Bonded Rigid Plastic Lap-Shear Joints in Shear by Tension Loading
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Due to the increased use of adhesive-bonded plastics as a result of the inherent advantages afforded by bonded rather than mechanically fastened joints, particularly the alleviation of stress raisers and stress cracking, there is a need for standard tests by which joints of various plastic substrates and adhesives can be compared. This test method is intended to meet such a need.
4.2 This test method is limited to test temperatures below the softening point of the subject adherends, and is not intended for use on anisotropic adherends such as reinforced plastic laminates.
4.3 The misuse of strength values obtained from this test method as allowable design-stress values for structural joints could lead to product failure, property damage, and human injury. The apparent shear strength of an adhesive obtained from a given small single-lap specimen may differ from that obtained from a joint made with different adherends or by a different bonding process. The normal variation of temperature and moisture in the service environment causes the adherends and the adhesive to swell and shrink. The adherends and adhesive are likely to have different thermal and moisture coefficients of expansion. Even in small specimens, short-term environmental changes can induce internal stresses or chemical changes in the adhesive that permanently affect the apparent strength and other mechanical properties of the adhesive. The problem of predicting joint behavior in a changing environment is even more difficult if a different type of adherend is used in a larger structural joint than was used in the small specimen.
4.3.1 The apparent shear strength measured with a single-lap specimen is not suitable for determining allowable design stresses for designing structural joints that differ in any manner from the joints tested without thorough analysis and understanding of the joint and adhesive behaviors.
4.3.2 Single-lap tests may be used for comparing and selecting adhesives or ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended to complement Test Method D1002 and extend its application to single-lap shear adhesive joints of rigid plastic adherends. The test method is useful for generating comparative shear strength data for joints made from a number of plastics. It can also provide a means by which several plastic surface treatments can be compared.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3163 −01 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Test Method for
Determining Strength of Adhesively Bonded Rigid Plastic
Lap-Shear Joints in Shear by Tension Loading
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3163; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Many of the terms used in this test method
1.1 ThistestmethodisintendedtocomplementTestMethod
D1002 and extend its application to single-lap shear adhesive are defined in Terminology D907.
joints of rigid plastic adherends. The test method is useful for
4. Significance and Use
generating comparative shear strength data for joints made
4.1 Due to the increased use of adhesive-bonded plastics as
from a number of plastics. It can also provide a means by
a result of the inherent advantages afforded by bonded rather
which several plastic surface treatments can be compared.
than mechanically fastened joints, particularly the alleviation
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
of stress raisers and stress cracking, there is a need for standard
standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
tests by which joints of various plastic substrates and adhesives
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
can be compared. This test method is intended to meet such a
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
need.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.2 This test method is limited to test temperatures below
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
the softening point of the subject adherends, and is not
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
intended for use on anisotropic adherends such as reinforced
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
plastic laminates.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4.3 The misuse of strength values obtained from this test
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
method as allowable design-stress values for structural joints
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
could lead to product failure, property damage, and human
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
injury. The apparent shear strength of an adhesive obtained
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
from a given small single-lap specimen may differ from that
obtained from a joint made with different adherends or by a
2. Referenced Documents
different bonding process. The normal variation of temperature
2.1 ASTM Standards:
and moisture in the service environment causes the adherends
D907 Terminology of Adhesives
and the adhesive to swell and shrink. The adherends and
D1002 Test Method for Apparent Shear Strength of Single-
adhesive are likely to have different thermal and moisture
Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Ten-
coefficients of expansion. Even in small specimens, short-term
sion Loading (Metal-to-Metal)
environmentalchangescaninduceinternalstressesorchemical
D2093 Practice for Preparation of Surfaces of Plastics Prior
changes in the adhesive that permanently affect the apparent
to Adhesive Bonding
strength and other mechanical properties of the adhesive. The
D4896 Guide for Use of Adhesive-Bonded Single Lap-Joint
problem of predicting joint behavior in a changing environ-
Specimen Test Results
ment is even more difficult if a different type of adherend is
used in a larger structural joint than was used in the small
specimen.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on
4.3.1 The apparent shear strength measured with a single-
AdhesivesandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD14.40onAdhesivesfor
lap specimen is not suitable for determining allowable design
Plastics.
stresses for designing structural joints that differ in any manner
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2023. Published January 2023. Originally
from the joints tested without thorough analysis and under-
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D3163 – 01 (2014).
DOI: 10.1520/D3163-01R23.
standing of the joint and adhesive behaviors.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.3.2 Single-lap tests may be used for comparing and
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
selecting adhesives or bonding processes for susceptibility to
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. fatigue and environmental changes, but such comparisons must
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3163 − 01 (2023)
be made with great caution since different adhesives may adherend. Recognize, however, that depending on the surface
respond differently in different joints. See Guide D4896 for treatment and adhesive used, the bond strength may often be
further discussion of the concepts relative to interpretation of greater than the tensile yield strength of the adherend. Use data
adhesive bonded single-lap joints. collected by this test method only for comparative purposes
when the investigator is certain that the specimen configura-
5. Apparatus
tionsandjointgeometriesofthespecimensbeingcompare
...
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