ASTM D4716-02

Test Method for Determining the (In-plane) Flow Rate per Unit Width and Hydraulic Transmissivity of a Geosynthetic Using a Constant Head

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining the flow rate per unit width within the manufactured plane of geosynthetics under varying normal compressive stresses and a constant head. The test is intended primarily as an index test but can be used also as a performance test when the hydraulic gradients and specimen contact surfaces are selected by the user to model anticipated field conditions.
1.2 This test method is limited to geosynthetics that allow continuous in-plane flow paths to occur parallel to the intended direction of flow.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Dec-2002
• ICS: 59.080.70 - Geotextiles
• Technical Committee: D35 - Geosynthetics
• Drafting Committee: D35.03 - Permeability and Filtration

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4716-01 - Test Method for Determining the (In-plane) Flow Rate per Unit Width and Hydraulic Transmissivity of a Geosynthetic Using a Constant Head
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Replaced By: ASTM D4716-03 - Test Method for Determining the (In-plane) Flow Rate per Unit Width and Hydraulic Transmissivity of a Geosynthetic Using a Constant Head
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D6389-17 - Standard Practice for Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resistance of Geotextiles to Liquids
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 4716 – 02
Test Method for
Determining the (In-plane) Flow Rate per Unit Width and
Hydraulic Transmissivity of a Geosynthetic Using a
1
Constant Head
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4716; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope angles for planar drainage of liquids or gases. (D 4439)
3.1.3 geosynthetic, n—a planar product manufactured from
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining
polymeric material used with soil, rock, earth, or other geo-
the flow rate per unit width within the manufactured plane of
technical engineering related material as an integral part of a
geosyntheticsundervaryingnormalcompressivestressesanda
man-made project, structure, or system. (D 4439)
constant head. The test is intended primarily as an index test
3.1.4 geotechnics, n—the application of scientific methods
but can be used also as a performance test when the hydraulic
and engineering principals to the acquisition, interpretation,
gradients and specimen contact surfaces are selected by the
and use of knowledge of material of the earth’s crust to the
user to model anticipated field conditions.
solution of engineering problems.
1.2 This test method is limited to geosynthetics that allow
3.1.4.1 Discussion—Geotechnicsembracesthefieldsofsoil
continuousin-planeflowpathstooccurparalleltotheintended
mechanics, rock mechanics, and many of the engineering
direction of flow.
aspects of geology, geophysics, hydrology, and related sci-
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
ences. (D 4439)
standard. The values stated in parentheses are provided for
3.1.5 geotextile, n—a permeable geosynthetic comprised
information only.
solely of textiles. (D 4439)
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.6 gravity flow, n—flow in a direction parallel to the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
planeofageosyntheticdrivenpredominantlybyadifferencein
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
elevation between the inlet and outflow points of a specimen.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.6.1 Discussion—The pressure at the outflow is consid-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ered to be atmospheric. (D 4439)
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.7 head (static), n—theheightaboveastandarddatumof
the surface of a column of water (or other liquid) that can be
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
supported by a static pressure at a given point. The static head
D4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics forTesting
2
is the sum of the elevation head and the pressure head.
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
(D 5092)
D4491 Test Methods forWater Permeability of Geotextiles
2
3.1.8 hydraulic gradient, i, n—the loss of hydraulic head
by Permittivity
per unit distance of flow, dh/dL. (D 4439)
2 −1
3. Terminology
3.1.9 hydraulic transmissivity, u (L T ), n—for a geosyn-
thetic, the volumetric flow rate per unit width of specimen per
3.1 Definitions:
unit gradient in a direction parallel to the plane of the
3.1.1 geocomposite, n—a product fabricated from any com-
specimen.
bination of geosynthetics with geotechnical materials or other
3.1.9.1 Discussion—“transmissivity” is technically appli-
synthetics which is used in a geotechnical application.
cable only to saturated, laminar hydraulic flow conditions (see
(D 4439)
Appendix X1). (D 4439)
3.1.2 geonet, n—a geosynthetic consisting of integrally
3.1.10 in-plane flow, n—fluid flow confined to a direction
connected parallel sets of ribs overlying similar sets at various
parallel to the plane of a geosynthetic. (D 4439)
3.1.11 index test, n—a test procedure that may contain
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on
known bias but which may be used to establish an order for a
GeosyntheticsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD35.03onHydraulic
set of specimens with respect to the property of interest.
Properties.
(D 4439)
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 2002. Published January 2003. Originally
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved as D4716–01.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.13.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D4716–02
3.1.12 laminar flow, n—flow in which the head loss is test specimens should then be randomly ass
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