ASTM D7417-17
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Analysis of In-Service Lubricants Using Particular Four-Part Integrated Tester (Atomic Emission Spectroscopy, Infrared Spectroscopy, Viscosity, and Laser Particle Counter)
Standard Test Method for Analysis of In-Service Lubricants Using Particular Four-Part Integrated Tester (Atomic Emission Spectroscopy, Infrared Spectroscopy, Viscosity, and Laser Particle Counter)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The integrated tester is primarily used to perform on-site analysis of in-service lubricants used in the automotive, highway trucking, mining, construction, off-road “mining,” marine, industrial, power generation, agriculture, and manufacturing industries.
5.2 The immediate results of analysis of in-service lubricants are critical when performing proactive and preventative maintenance. On-site oil analysis, when used in conjunction with these programs, allows continuous system monitoring and contamination control potentially improving equipment “up-time” and equipment life.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative analysis of in-service lubricants using an automatic testing device that integrates these varied technologies: atomic emission spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, viscosity, and particle counting.
1.2 This is suited for in-service lubricating oils having viscosities in the range between ISO 10 and ISO 320 and properties in the ranges given in Tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1 Element Test Parameters Measured, Calculated, and Reported
Element
Low Range, mg/kg
High Range, mg/kg
Element
Low Range, mg/kg
High Range, mg/kg
Aluminum
5 to 100
NA
Molybdenum
10 to 1000
NA
Barium
25 to 150
150 to 2000
Nickel
5 to 100
NA
Boron
5 to 100
100 to 1000
Phosphorous
100 to 600
600 to 4000
Calcium
25 to 500
500 to 9000
Potassium
10 to 1000
1000 to 4000
Chromium
8 to 100
NA
Silicon
5 to 150
150 to 3000
Copper
5 to 500
500 to 1000
Sodium
10 to 1000
NA
Iron
6 to 1000
1000 to 3000
Tin
6 to 100
NA
Lead
6 to 150
NA
Titanium
8 to 100
NA
Magnesium
5 to 100
100 to 3000
Vanadium
7 to 100
NA
Manganese
5 to 100
NA
Zinc
8 to 100
100 to 4000
TABLE 2 Physical Properties Parameters Measured, Calculated, and Reported
Note 1: Review Test Method D4739 and D2896 for particular lubricating oil applications.
Physical Property
Range
Water, % by mass
0.1 to 3
Glycol, % by mass
0.1 to 2
Soot, % by mass
0.1 to 4
Fuel Dilution, % by mass
0.1 to 15
Oxidation, abs.
0.1 to 50
Nitration, abs.
0.1 to 35
Calculated Viscosity - IR
4 to 35 (100° cSt)
Viscosity 40 °C, cSt (optional)
30 to 320
Viscosity 100 °C, cSt (optional)
5 to 25
Viscosity Index
5 to 150
Base Number, mg/g KOH
1.0 to 17
1.3 This test method may be used to establish trends in wear and contamination of in-service lubricants and may not give equivalent numerical results to current ASTM test methods.
1.4 This test method is not intended for use with crude oil.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Specific hazard statements are given in Section 9 and 11.3.)
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7417 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Analysis of In-Service Lubricants Using Particular Four-Part
Integrated Tester (Atomic Emission Spectroscopy, Infrared
1
Spectroscopy, Viscosity, and Laser Particle Counter)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7417; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative analysis of 2.1 ASTM Standards:
in-service lubricants using an automatic testing device that D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
integrates these varied technologies: atomic emission and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, viscosity, and particle ity)
counting. D2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kine-
matic Viscosity at 40 °C and 100 °C
1.2 This is suited for in-service lubricating oils having
D2896 Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Products
viscosities in the range between ISO 10 and ISO 320 and
by Potentiometric Perchloric Acid Titration
properties in the ranges given in Tables 1 and 2.
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
1.3 This test method may be used to establish trends in wear
Petroleum Products
and contamination of in-service lubricants and may not give
D4739 Test Method for Base Number Determination by
equivalent numerical results to current ASTM test methods.
Potentiometric Hydrochloric Acid Titration
D6595 Test Method for Determination of Wear Metals and
1.4 This test method is not intended for use with crude oil.
Contaminants in Used Lubricating Oils or Used Hydraulic
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Fluids by Rotating Disc ElectrodeAtomic Emission Spec-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
trometry
standard.
D7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Kinematic Viscosity)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
E2412 Practice for Condition Monitoring of In-Service Lu-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
bricants by Trend Analysis Using Fourier Transform
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Infrared (FT-IR) Spectrometry
(Specific hazard statements are given in Section 9 and 11.3.) 3
2.2 ISO Standards:
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
ISO 4406:99 Hydraulic Fluid Power Solid Contaminations
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Code
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
ISO 11171 Automatic Particle Counter Calibration Proce-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
dures
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
2
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Subcommittee D02.96.07 on Integrated Testers, Instrumentation Techniques for contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
In-Service Lubricants. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2017. Published October 2017. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D7417 – 10. DOI: Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
10.1520/D7417-17. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7417 − 17
TABLE 1 Element Test Parameters Measured, Calculated, and Reported
Element Low Range, mg/kg High Range, mg/kg Element Low Range, mg/kg High Range, mg/kg
Aluminum 5 to 100 NA Molybdenum 10 to 1000 NA
Barium 25 to 150 150 to 2000 Nickel 5 to 100 NA
Boron 5 to 100 100 to 1000 Phosphorous 100 to 600 600 to 4000
Calcium 25 to 500 500 to 9000 Potassium 10 to 1000 1000 to 4000
Chromium 8 to 100 NA Silicon 5 to 150 150 to 3000
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7417 − 10 D7417 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Analysis of In-Service Lubricants Using Particular Four-Part
Integrated Tester (Atomic Emission Spectroscopy, Infrared
1
Spectroscopy, Viscosity, and Laser Particle Counter)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7417; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative analysis of in-service lubricants using an automatic testing device that integrates
these varied technologies: atomic emission spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, viscosity, and particle counting.
1.2 This is suited for in-service lubricating oils having viscosities in the range between ISO 10 and ISO 320 and properties in
the ranges given in Tables 1 and 2.
1.3 This test method may be used to establish trends in wear and contamination of in-service lubricants and may not give
equivalent numerical results to current ASTM test methods.
1.4 This test method is not intended for use with crude oil.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Specific hazard statements are given in Section 9 and 11.3.)
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kinematic Viscosity at 40 °C and 100 °C
D2896 Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Perchloric Acid Titration
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4739 Test Method for Base Number Determination by Potentiometric Hydrochloric Acid Titration
D6595 Test Method for Determination of Wear Metals and Contaminants in Used Lubricating Oils or Used Hydraulic Fluids by
Rotating Disc Electrode Atomic Emission Spectrometry
D7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of Kinematic
Viscosity)
E2412 Practice for Condition Monitoring of In-Service Lubricants by Trend Analysis Using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR)
Spectrometry
3
2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 4406:99 Hydraulic Fluid Power Solid Contaminations Code
ISO 11171 Automatic Particle Counter Calibration Procedures
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.96.07 on Integrated Testers, Instrumentation Techniques for In-Service Lubricants.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010Oct. 1, 2017. Published November 2010October 2017. Originally approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as
D7417 – 10. DOI: 10.1520/D7417-10.10.1520/D7417-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7417 − 17
TABLE 1 Element Test Parameters Measured, Calculated, and Reported
Element Low Range, mg/kg High Range, mg/kg Element Low Range, mg/kg High Range, mg/kg
Aluminum 5 to 100 NA Molybdenum 10 to 1000 NA
Barium 25 to 150 150 to 2000 Nickel 5 to 100 NA
Boron 5 to 100 100 to 1000 Ph
...
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