ASTM D1078-01

Standard Test Method for Distillation Range of Volatile Organic Liquids

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the distillation range of liquids boiling between 30 and 350oC, that are chemically stable during the distillation process, by manual or automatic distillation procedures.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to organic liquids such as hydrocarbons, oxygenated compounds, chemical intermediates, and blends thereof.
1.3 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Jun-2001
• ICS: 71.080.01 - Organic chemicals in general
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.35 - Solvents, Plasticizers, and Chemical Intermediates

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D1078-99 - Standard Test Method for Distillation Range of Volatile Organic Liquids
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2001
• Replaced By: ASTM D1078-03 - Standard Test Method for Distillation Range of Volatile Organic Liquids
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D1836-07(2021) - Standard Specification for Commercial Hexanes
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4360-11(2019) - Standard Specification for Methyl <emph type="bdit">n</emph>-Amyl Ketone
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D770-11(2019) - Standard Specification for Isopropyl Alcohol^,
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D128-98(2019) - Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Lubricating Grease
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D850-21 - Standard Test Method for Distillation of Industrial Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D304-11(2019) - Standard Specification for <emph type="bdit">n</emph>-Butyl Alcohol (Butanol)
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4171-22 - Standard Specification for Fuel System Icing Inhibitors
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D2634-07(2021) - Standard Specification for Methyl Amyl Acetate (95 % Grade)
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D1093-23 - Standard Test Method for Acidity of Hydrocarbon Liquids and Their Distillation Residues
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4615-22 - Standard Specification for <emph type="ital">n</emph>-Butyl Acetate (All Grades)
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6368-06(2023) - Standard Specification for Vapor-Degreasing Solvents Based on <emph type="bdit">normal</emph >-Propyl Bromide and Technical Grade <emph type="bdit">normal</emph >-Propyl Bromide
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D2917-07(2021) - Standard Specification for Methyl Isoamyl Ketone
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D1310-14(2021) - Standard Test Method for Flash Point and Fire Point of Liquids by Tag Open-Cup Apparatus
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 1078 – 01
Designation: 195/98
Standard Test Method for
1
Distillation Range of Volatile Organic Liquids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1078; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope * 3.1.1 initial boiling point—the temperature indicated by the
distillation thermometer at the instant the first drop of conden-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the distil-
sate leaves the condenser tube.
lation range of liquids boiling between 30 and 350°C, that are
3.1.2 dry point—the temperature indicated at the instant the
chemically stable during the distillation process, by manual or
last drop of liquid evaporates from the lowest point in the
automatic distillation procedures.
distillation flask, disregarding any liquid on the side of the
1.2 This test method is applicable to organic liquids such as
flask.
hydrocarbons, oxygenated compounds, chemical intermedi-
3.1.3 decomposition point—the thermometer reading that
ates, and blends thereof.
coincides with the first indications of thermal decomposition of
1.3 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s
the liquid in the flask.
Material Safety Data Sheet.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.1 final boiling point—the maximum thermometer read-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ing obtained during the test.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.1.1 Discussion—This usually occurs after the evapora-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
tion of all liquid from the bottom of the flask. The term
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard
“maximum temperature” is a frequently used synonym.
statements are given in Section 7.
3.2.2 end point 5 minutes—the thermometer reading ob-
2. Referenced Documents
tained 5 min after the 95 % distillation point if no dry or final
boiling point occurs.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
4. Summary of Test Method
2
Atmospheric Pressure
3
4.1 A 100-mL specimen is distilled under conditions equiva-
E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
4 lent to a simple batch differential distillation. The temperature
E 133 Specification for Distillation Equipment
of the mercury in the thermometer is equilibrated with that of
E 299 Test Method for Trace Amounts of Peroxides in
5 the refluxing liquid before the distillate is taken over. Boiling
Organic Solvents
temperatures observed on a partial immersion thermometer are
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
4 corrected to standard atmospheric pressure to give true boiling
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
temperatures.
3. Terminology
5. Significance and Use
3.1 Definitions:
5.1 This test method provides a method of measurement of
distillation range of volatile organic liquids. The relative
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-1 on Paint
volatility of organic liquids can be used with other tests for
and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
identification and measurement of quality. Therefore, this test
Subcommittee D01.35 on Solvents, Plasticizers, and Chemical Intermediates.
method provides a test procedure for assessing compliance
Current edition approved June 10, 2001. Published August 2001. Originally
with a specification.
published as D 1078 – 49 T. Last previous edition D 1078 – 99.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
5.2 This test method also provides an empirical value of
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
residue, solvent recovery capacity, and loss (or non-recovery)
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
5
on heating. Organic liquids are used as solvents in many
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.05.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D1078–01
chemical processes. As the relative volatility, residual matter 6.5.2 Automatic Distillation Temperature Sensors—
and recovery capability affect the efficiency of these processes, Temperature measur
...