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ASTM

ASTM D883-12

(Terminology)

Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics

Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms used in the plastics industry. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.  
1.2 When a term is used in an ASTM document for which Committee D20 is responsible it is included only when judged, after review, by Subcommittee D20.92 to be a generally usable term.  
1.3 Definitions that are identical to those published by another standards body are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization; for example, IUPAC is the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.  
1.4 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in discussion notes. It is reviewed every 5 years; the year of last review is appended.  
1.5 For literature related to plastics terminology, see Appendix X1.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Nov-2012
ICS
01.040.83 - Rubber and plastics industries (Vocabularies)
83.080.01 - Plastics in general
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics
Drafting Committee
D20.92 - Terminology
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D883-12e1 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
Effective Date
15-Nov-2012

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ASTM D883-12 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D883 − 12
StandardTerminology Relating to
1
Plastics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D883; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* of Transparent Plastics
D1566 Terminology Relating to Rubber
1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms
D4703 Practice for Compression Molding Thermoplastic
used in the plastics industry. Terms that are generally under-
Materials into Test Specimens, Plaques, or Sheets
stood or adequately defined in other readily available sources
E308 PracticeforComputingtheColorsofObjectsbyUsing
are not included.
the CIE System
1.2 When a term is used in an ASTM document for which
Committee D20 is responsible it is included only when judged, 3. Terminology
after review, by Subcommittee D20.92 to be a generally usable
3.1 Definitions:
term.
A-stage, n—an early stage in the preparation of certain
1.3 Definitions that are identical to those published by
thermosetting resins in which the material is still soluble in
another standards body are identified with the abbreviation of certain liquids, and may be liquid or capable of becoming
the name of the organization; for example, IUPAC is the
liquid upon heating.
DISCUSSION—Sometimes referred to as Resol. (See also B-stage and
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.
3
C-stage.) (1978)
1.4 A definition is a single sentence with additional infor-
acetal plastics, n—plastics based on polymers having a
mation included in discussion notes. It is reviewed every 5
years; the year of last review is appended. predominance of acetal linkages in the main chain. (See also
polyoxymethylene. ) (1985)
1.5 Forliteraturerelatedtoplasticsterminology,seeAppen-
dix X1.
acrylic plastics—plastics based on polymers made with
acrylic acid or a structural derivative of acrylic acid. (1982)
2. Referenced Documents
addition polymerization—polymerization in which mono-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
mers are linked together without the splitting off of water or
C162 Terminology of Glass and Glass Products
other simple molecules. (1983)
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D747 Test Method for Apparent Bending Modulus of Plas- adiabatic extrusion—a method of extrusion in which, after
the extrusion apparatus has been heated sufficiently by
tics by Means of a Cantilever Beam
D790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced conventional means to plastify the material, the extrusion
process can be continued with the sole source of heat being
and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-
als the conversion of the drive energy, through viscous resis-
tance of the plastic mass in the extruder. (1978)
D882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic
Sheeting
aging, n—(1) the effect on materials of exposure to an
D907 Terminology of Adhesives
environment for an interval of time. (2) the process of
D1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance
exposing materials to an environment for an interval of time.
(1973)
1
ThisterminologyisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlastics
alkyd plastics—plastics based on alkyd resins. (1980)
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.92 on Terminology.
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2012. Published November 2012. Originally
alkyd resin—a polyester convertible into a crosslinked form;
approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D883 - 11. DOI:
requiring a reactant of functionality higher than two, or
10.1520/D0883-12.
2 having double bonds. (1982)
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
3
the ASTM website. Date indicates year of introduction or latest review or revision.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D883 − 12
alloy, n (in plastics)—two or more immiscible polymers binder, n—in a reinforced plastic, the continuous phase which
united, usually by another component, to form a plastic resin holds together the reinforcement.
having enhanced performance properties. DISCUSSION—During fabrication, the binder, which may be either
thermoplastic or thermoset, usually undergoes a change in state. (1978)
allyl plastics—plastics based on allyl r
...

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ASTM D883-23(Terminology)
Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms used in the plastics industry. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.  
1.2 When a term is used in an ASTM document for which Committee D20 is responsible it is included only when judged, after review, by Subcommittee D20.92 to be a generally usable term.  
1.3 Definitions that are identical to those published by another standards body are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization; for example, IUPAC is the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.  
1.4 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in discussion notes.
Note 1: It is recommended that definitions be reviewed periodically.  
1.4.1 When a new definition is added to this terminology standard, or the wording of a definition is revised, the date of the change shall be appended to the new or revised definition.  
1.5 For literature related to plastics terminology, see Appendix X1.  
1.6 Subsections 1.6.1 – 1.6.5 contain references to specific terminology standards that are relevant to specific plastic products or applications. In case of conflict between a definition contained in Terminology D883 and one contained in another standard, the definition given in Terminology D883 shall prevail.  
1.6.1 For terms related to thermal insulation, the applicable definitions are contained in Terminology C168.  
1.6.2 For terms related to electrical or electronic insulating materials, the applicable definitions are contained in Terminology D1711.  
1.6.3 For terms relating to fire, the applicable definitions are contained in Terminology E176 and ISO 13943. In case of conflict between Terminology E176 and ISO 13943, the definitions given in Terminology E176 shall prevail.  
1.6.4 For terms relating to precision and bias and associated issues, the applicable definitions are contained in Terminology E456.  
1.6.5 For terms related to plastic piping systems, the applicable definitions are contained in Terminology F412.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this classification system is to provide a method of adequately identifying plastic materials in order to give industry a system that can be used universally for plastic materials. It further provides a means for specifying these materials by the use of a simple line call-out designation.  
4.2 This classification system was developed to permit the addition of property values for future plastics.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard provides a classification system for tabulating the properties of unfilled, filled, and reinforced plastic materials suitable for processing into parts.
Note 1: The classification system serves many of the needs of industries using plastic materials. The standard is subject to revision as the need requires; therefore, the latest revision should always be used.  
1.2 The classification system and subsequent line call-out (specification) is intended to be a means of identifying plastic materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material selection should be made by those having expertise in the plastics field after careful consideration of the design and the performance required of the part, the environment to which it will be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, the inherent properties of the material not covered in this document, and the economic factors.  
1.3 This classification system is based on the premise that plastic materials can be arranged into broad generic families using basic properties to arrange the materials into groups, classes, and grades. A system is thus established which, together with values describing additional requirements, permits as complete a description as desired of the selected material.  
1.4 In all cases where the provisions of this classification system would conflict with the referenced ASTM specification for a particular material, the latter shall take precedence.  
Note 2: When using this classification system the two-letter, three-digit suffix system applies.
Note 3: When a material is used to fabricate a part where the requirements are too specific for a broad material call-out, it is advisable for the user to consult the supplier to secure a call-out of the properties to suit the actual conditions to which the part is to be subjected.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This terminology is a compilation of definitions and descriptions of technical terms used in dynamic mechanical property measurements on polymeric materials, including solutions, melts, and solids. Terms that are generally understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources are either not included or sources identified.  
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in notes. It is reviewed every five years and the year of the last review or revision is appended.  
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization or the ASTM committee.  
1.4 Descriptions of terms specific to dynamic mechanical measurements are identified with an italicized introductory phrase.  
Note 1: This terminology standard is similar to ISO 6721–1 however, the ISO document cites fewer terms.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D1600-18(Terminology)
Standard Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics

SCOPE
1.1 The purpose of this terminology is to provide uniform contractions of terms relating to plastics. Abbreviated terminology has evolved through widespread common usage. This compilation has been prepared to avoid both the occurrence of more than one abbreviated term for a given plastics term and multiple meanings for abbreviated terms.  
1.2 The scope of these abbreviated terms includes plastics terms pertaining to composition and relating to type or kind according to mode of preparation or principle distinguishing characteristics. Also included are abbreviated terms for terms relating to copolymers, blends and alloys of plastics, and additives such as plasticizers, fillers, etc.  
Note 1: A code relating to the composition of rubbers is given in Practice D1418.  
1.3 No attempt is made here to systematize formally a shorthand terminology for polymers. Terminology, including nomenclature, codes, symbols, and formula designations for use in scientific literature in the field of natural and synthetic polymers, are being studied and standardized by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.2  
1.4 These abbreviated terms are by no means all-inclusive of plastics terminology. They represent, in general, those terms that have come into established use. Since it is recognized that abbreviated terms serve no useful purpose unless they are generally accepted and used, no attempt has been made to establish a rigorous code for devising standard abbreviated terms. This would result in awkward departures from established usage of existing and accepted abbreviated terms and lead to cumbersome combinations in the future, which would not be likely to receive widespread acceptance. The abbreviated terms now in use have grown naturally out of the need for convenient, readily comprehended shorthand for long chemical names. This process can be expected to continue along the natural lines of least resistance and will serve as a basis for further standardization as the need arises. A general guide for the preparation of abbreviated terms appears desirable, however, to facilitate more organized and uniform standardization in the future. An appendix is attached, which suggests a uniform way to prepare abbreviated terms.  
1.5 Note that the uppercase letter F should be used to designate phosphate and that other elements may also be designated F.  
1.6 An abbreviated term (FR) and code numbers are provided to identify classes of materials used as flame retardants added to plastics. The system is provided for use in situations where marking of plastics products is desired.  
Note 2: Many of the abbreviated terms, codes, numbers, and symbols in ISO 1043 parts 1 through 4 and in ISO/DIS 1043-4 are the same as the corresponding item in ASTM D1600. D1600 includes a number of abbreviated terms that are not in ISO 1043.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D883-23(Terminology)
Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms used in the plastics industry. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.  
1.2 When a term is used in an ASTM document for which Committee D20 is responsible it is included only when judged, after review, by Subcommittee D20.92 to be a generally usable term.  
1.3 Definitions that are identical to those published by another standards body are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization; for example, IUPAC is the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.  
1.4 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in discussion notes.
Note 1: It is recommended that definitions be reviewed periodically.  
1.4.1 When a new definition is added to this terminology standard, or the wording of a definition is revised, the date of the change shall be appended to the new or revised definition.  
1.5 For literature related to plastics terminology, see Appendix X1.  
1.6 Subsections 1.6.1 – 1.6.5 contain references to specific terminology standards that are relevant to specific plastic products or applications. In case of conflict between a definition contained in Terminology D883 and one contained in another standard, the definition given in Terminology D883 shall prevail.  
1.6.1 For terms related to thermal insulation, the applicable definitions are contained in Terminology C168.  
1.6.2 For terms related to electrical or electronic insulating materials, the applicable definitions are contained in Terminology D1711.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this classification system is to provide a method of adequately identifying plastic materials in order to give industry a system that can be used universally for plastic materials. It further provides a means for specifying these materials by the use of a simple line call-out designation.  
4.2 This classification system was developed to permit the addition of property values for future plastics.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard provides a classification system for tabulating the properties of unfilled, filled, and reinforced plastic materials suitable for processing into parts.
Note 1: The classification system serves many of the needs of industries using plastic materials. The standard is subject to revision as the need requires; therefore, the latest revision should always be used.  
1.2 The classification system and subsequent line call-out (specification) is intended to be a means of identifying plastic materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material selection should be made by those having expertise in the plastics field after careful consideration of the design and the performance required of the part, the environment to which it will be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, the inherent properties of the material not covered in this document, and the economic factors.  
1.3 This classification system is based on the premise that plastic materials can be arranged into broad generic families using basic properties to arrange the materials into groups, classes, and grades. A system is thus established which, together with values describing additional requirements, permits as complete a description as desired of the selected material.  
1.4 In all cases where the provisions of this classification system would conflict with the referenced ASTM specification for a particular material, the latter shall take precedence.  
Note 2: When using this classification system the two-letter, three-digit suffix system applies.
Note 3: When a material is used to fabricate a part where the requirements are too specific for a broad material call-out, it is advisable for the user to consult the supplier to secure a call-out of the properties to suit the actual conditions to which the part is to be subjected.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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1.4 Descriptions of terms specific to dynamic mechanical measurements are identified with an italicized introductory phrase.  
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1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 The purpose of this terminology is to provide uniform contractions of terms relating to plastics. Abbreviated terminology has evolved through widespread common usage. This compilation has been prepared to avoid both the occurrence of more than one abbreviated term for a given plastics term and multiple meanings for abbreviated terms.  
1.2 The scope of these abbreviated terms includes plastics terms pertaining to composition and relating to type or kind according to mode of preparation or principle distinguishing characteristics. Also included are abbreviated terms for terms relating to copolymers, blends and alloys of plastics, and additives such as plasticizers, fillers, etc.  
Note 1: A code relating to the composition of rubbers is given in Practice D1418.  
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1.5 Note that the uppercase letter F should be used to designate phosphate and that other elements may also be designated F.  
1.6 An abbreviated term (FR) and code numbers are provided to identify classes of materials used as flame retardants added to plastics. The system is provided for use in situations where marking of plastics products is desired.  
Note 2: Many of the abbreviated terms, codes, numbers, and symbols in ISO 1043 parts 1 through 4 and in ISO/DIS 1043-4 are the same as the corresponding item in ASTM D1600. D1600 includes a number of abbreviated terms that are not in ISO 1043.  
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Standard Specification for Precipitation-Hardening and Cold Worked Nickel Alloy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock for Moderate or High Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers hot- and cold-worked precipitation-hardenable nickel alloy rod, bar, forgings, and forging stock for high-temperature service. Chemical analysis shall be performed on the alloy and shall conform to the chemical composition requirement in carbon, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, chromium, cobalt, molybdenum, columbium, tantalum, titanium, aluminum, zirconium, boron, iron, copper, and nickel. The material shall follow recommended annealing treatment, solution treatment, stabilizing treatment, and precipitation hardening treatment. Tension testing, hardness testing and stress-rupture testing shall be performed on the material and shall comply to the required tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, reduction in area, and Brinell hardness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers hot- and cold-worked precipitation-hardenable nickel alloy rod, bar, forgings, and forging stock for moderate or high temperature service (Table 1).  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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SCOPE
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