ASTM D4985-00a
(Specification)Standard Specification for Low Silicate Ethylene Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Heavy Duty Engines Requiring a Pre-Charge of Supplemental Coolant Additive (SCA)
Standard Specification for Low Silicate Ethylene Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Heavy Duty Engines Requiring a Pre-Charge of Supplemental Coolant Additive (SCA)
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for low silicate ethylene glycol base engine coolants for cooling systems of heavy-duty engines. When concentrates are used at 40 to 60 % concentration by volume in water, or when prediluted glycol base engine coolants (50 volume % minimum) are used without further dilution, they will function effectively to provide protection against corrosion, freezing to at least -37oC (-34oF), and boiling to at least 108oC (226oF).
Note 1--This specification is based on the knowledge of the performance of engine coolants prepared from new or virgin ingredients. Separate specifications exist (D6210 and D6211) for heavy-duty engine coolants which may be prepared from recycled or reprocessed used coolant or reprocessed industrial-source ethylene glycol.
1.2 Coolants meeting this specification require an initial charge of a supplemental coolant additive (SCA) and require regular maintenance doses of an SCA to continue the protection in certain operating heavy-duty engine cooling systems, particularly those of the wet cylinder liner-in-block design. The SCA additions are defined by and are the primary responsibility of the engine manufacturer or vehicle manufacturer. If they provide no instructions, follow the SCA supplier's recommended instructions.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 4985 – 00a
Standard Specification for
Low Silicate Ethylene Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Heavy
Duty Engines Requiring a Pre-Charge of Supplemental
Coolant Additive (SCA)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4985; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope D 512 Test Methods for Chloride Ion in Water
D 516 Test Method for Sulfate Ion in Water
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for low
D 1119 Test Method for Percent Ash Content of Engine
silicate ethylene glycol base engine coolants for cooling
Coolants and Antirusts
systems of heavy-duty engines. When concentrates are used at
D 1120 Test Method for Boiling Point of Engine Coolants
40 to 60 % concentration by volume in water, or when
D 1121 Test Method for Reserve Alkalinity of Engine
prediluted glycol base engine coolants (50 volume % mini-
Coolants and Antirusts
mum) are used without further dilution, they will function
D 1122 Test Method for Density and Relative Density of
effectively to provide protection against corrosion, freezing to
Engine Coolant Concentrates and Engine Coolants by the
at least −37°C (−34°F), and boiling to at least 108°C (226°F).
Hydrometer
NOTE 1—This specification is based on the knowledge of the perfor-
D 1123 Test Methods for Water in Engine Coolant Concen-
mance of engine coolants prepared from new or virgin ingredients.
trate by the Karl Fischer Reagent Method
Separate specifications exist (D 6210 and D 6211) for heavy-duty engine
D 1126 Test Method for Hardness in Water
coolants which may be prepared from recycled or reprocessed used
D 1177 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aqueous Engine
coolant or reprocessed industrial-source ethylene glycol.
Coolants
1.2 Coolants meeting this specification require an initial
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
charge of a supplemental coolant additive (SCA) and require
D 1287 Test Method for pH of Engine Coolants and Anti-
regular maintenance doses of an SCA to continue the protec-
rusts
tion in certain operating heavy-duty engine cooling systems,
D 1293 Test Methods for pH of Water
particularly those of the wet cylinder liner-in-block design. The
D 1384 Test Method for Corrosion Test for Engine Coolants
SCA additions are defined by and are the primary responsibility
in Glassware
of the engine manufacturer or vehicle manufacturer. If they
D 1881 Test Method for Foaming Tendencies of Engine
provide no instructions, follow the SCA supplier’s recom-
Coolants in Glassware
mended instructions.
D 1882 Test Method for Effect of Cooling System Chemical
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Solutions on Organic Finishes for Automotive Vehicles
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
D 1888 Test Methods for Particulate and Dissolved Matter,
only.
Solids, or Residue in Water
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D 2570 Test Method for Simulated Service Corrosion Test-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ing of Engine Coolants
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D 2809 Test Method for Cavitation Corrosion and Erosion-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Corrosion Characteristics of Aluminum Pumps With En-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
gine Coolants
D 3306 Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant for
2. Referenced Documents
Automobile and Light-Duty Service
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 3634 Test Method for Trace Chloride Ion in Engine
Coolants
D 4327 Test Method for Anions in Water by Chemically
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on Engine
Coolants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D15.07 on Specifications.
Current edition approved September 10, 2000. Published November 2000. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
Originally published as D 4985 – 89. Last previous edition D 4985 – 00. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.05.
Discontinued—See 1990 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 4985
TABLE 1 Physical and Chemical Requirements
Suppressed Ion Chromatography
D 5827 Test Method for Determination of Chloride in Specific Values
Engine Coolant by Ion Chromatography
ASTM Test
Property Concentrate Predilute
Method
D 5931 Test Method for Density and Relative Density of
Engine Coolant Concentrates and Aqueous Engine Cool- Relative density, 15.5/15.5°C 1.110 to 1.145 1.065 min D 1122, D 5931
(60/60°F)
ants by Digital Density Meter
D 6129 Test Method for Silicon in Engine Coolant Concen-
Freezing point, °C (°F): D 1177
trates by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy 50 vol % in DI water −37 (−34) max
Undiluted −37 (−34) max
D 6130 Test Method for the Determination of Silicon and
Other Elements in Engine Coolant by Inductively Coupled A
Boiling point, °C (°F): D 1120
Undiluted 163 (325) min 108 (226) min
Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
50 vol % in DI water 108 (226) min
D 6210 Specification for Fully Formulated Ethylene Glycol
Base Engine Coolant for Heavy Duty Engines
Ash content, mass % 5 max 2.5 max D 1119
D 6211 Specification for Fully Formulated Propylene Gly-
3 pH: D 1287
col Base Engine Coolant for Heavy Duty Engines
50 vol % in DI water 7.5 to 11
E 1177 Specification for Engine Coolant Grade Ethylene
Undiluted 7.5 to 11
Glycol
B B
Reserve alkalinity, mL report report D 1121
3. Terminology
Water, mass % 5 max not applicable D 1123
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 heavy duty engine—a diesel, gasoline, or similarly
Chloride ion, ppm 25 max 25 max D 3634, D 5827
fueled internal combustion engine, having operating character-
Silicon, ppm 250 max 125 max D 6129, D 6130
istics of a long duty cycle at or near maximum rated conditions.
C
Such engines are typically used in off-highway machinery for Effect on engine or vehicle finish no effect no effect D 1882
A
agriculture, mining, earth-moving, and construction; Class 5 to
Some precipitate may be observed at the end of the test method. This should
not be cause for rejection.
8 over the road trucks and buses; high output stationary engine
B
Value as agreed upon between the supplier and the customer.
installations; and locomotive and marine installations. (See
C
Currently, many heavy-duty engine manufacturers and vehicle manufacturers
Specification D 3306 for coolant requirements for automobiles,
that use these engines prepare test panels using the specific paint finishes
employed on their actual products. Coolant suppliers and equipment builders
vans, and pickup class trucks.)
should agree on the exact test procedures and acceptance criteria on an individual
3.1.2 supplemental coolant additive (SCA)—a material
case basis.
added to the cooling system of a heavy-duty engine to provide
additional cavitation protection and corrosion inhibition and to
TABLE 2 General Requirements
minimize deposits on heat transfer surfaces.
Property Specific Values ASTM Test Method
Color distinctive . . .
4. General Requirements
Effect on nonmetals no adverse effect under consideration
4.1 Ethylene glycol base engine coolant concentrates or
prediluted ethylene glycol base engine coolants shall be
formulated with ethylene glycol meeting Specification D 1177,
4.5 Diluted coolant concentrates or prediluted coolants,
water, and shall contain suitable corrosion inhibitors, dye, and
when mixed with SCA in accordance with the engine manu-
a foam suppressor. Other glycols, such as propylene and
facturer’s recommendations and those on the product label,
diethylene, may be included in concentrates up to a maximum
shall be suitable for use in a properly maintained cooling
of 15 % (7.5 % for prediluted coolants) if the physical and
system in normal service for a minimum of one year (see
chemical properties in Table 1 are met.
Appendix X1).
4.2 All ethylene glycol base engine coolants shall conform
to the general requirements in Table 2.
5. Detailed Requirements
4.3 Prediluted coolants shall be prepared using deionized
5.1 Ethylene glycol base engine coolant concentrate shall
water that meets Type IV reagent water specifications (see
conform to the physical and chemical requirements in Table 1
Specification D 1193).
and the performance requirements in Table 3.
NOTE 2—Prediluted coolants are intended for direct addition to an
5.2 Prediluted aqueous ethylene glycol base engine coolants
engine cooling system with no further dilution.
(50 volume % minimum) shall conform to the physical and
This practice minimizes the formation of hard water scale chemical property requirements in Table 1. The requirements
listed in Table 1 for prediluted coolants are prescribed for the
and avoids the introduction of mineral components, such as
chlorides and sulfates, which can increase the corrosion rate of coolant as packaged, without further dilution or adjustment.
aluminum and iron. The use of Type IV reagent water also 5.3 The freezing point of prediluted aqueous ethylene glycol
minimizes interferences that may cause coolant instability or base engine coolants, as packaged, shall be −37°C (−34°F) or
SCA compatibility problems. lower.
4.4 When diluting engine coolant concentrates for actual 5.4 If necessary, adjust the freezing point of the prediluted
service, municipal (treated) or a low-mineral content well aqueous coolant to −37°C (−34°F) with deionized water before
water should be used (see Appendix X1, Table X1.1). proceeding with performance testing.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 4985
A
TABLE 3 Performance Requirements
ASTM Test Solution
Specific
Property Test Concentration,
Values
Method vol % Glycol
B
Corrosion in glassware D 1384 33
Weight loss, mg/specimen:
copper 10 max
solder 30 max
brass 10 max
steel 10 max
cast iron 10 max
aluminum 30 max
C
Simulated service test D 2570 44
weight loss, mg/specimen:
...
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