ASTM D3111-99(2004)e1

Standard Test Method for Flexibility Determination of Hot-Melt Adhesives by Mandrel Bend Test Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The “Mandrel Bend” test is simple and fast. It requires little investment in equipment and little operator training. The prime purpose is to determine whether a hot-melt adhesive meets flexibility requirements. This test is also useful for comparing flexibility of several adhesives. It can be used to design adhesives by comparing the flexibility of various formulations to meet specific end use parameters. The adhesive flexibility can be determined at temperatures other than ambient by conditioning the test apparatus and test specimens at the desired temperature and performing the test under these temperature conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the flexibility of a hot-melt adhesive in sheet form under specific test conditions. This is a working test. Its results are useful for comparing adhesives, not for absolute characterization of adhesives.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2004
• ICS: 83.180 - Adhesives
• Technical Committee: D10 - Packaging
• Drafting Committee: D10.14 - Tape and Labels

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D3111-99 - Standard Test Method for Flexibility Determination of Hot-Melt Adhesives by Mandrel Bend Test Method
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004
• Replaced By: ASTM D3111-10 - Standard Test Method for Flexibility Determination of Hot-Melt Adhesives by Mandrel Bend Test Method
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D6152/D6152M-12(2018) - Standard Specification for SEBS-Modified Mopping Asphalt Used in Roofing
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D4280-18 - Standard Specification for Extended Life Type, Nonplowable, Raised Retroreflective Pavement Markers
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D6465-99(2016) - Standard Guide for Selecting Aerospace and General Purpose Adhesives and Sealants
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D4338-97(2021) - Standard Test Method for Flexibility Determination of Supported Adhesive Films by Mandrel Bend
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D4383-21 - Standard Specification for Plowable, Raised Retroreflective Pavement Markers
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
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Designation:D3111–99(Reapproved2004)
Standard Test Method for
Flexibility Determination of Hot-Melt Adhesives by Mandrel
Bend Test Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3111; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
´ NOTE—Editorial changes were made in Section 2 and 3.1 in September 2004.
1. Scope 3.2.1 flexibility, n—that property of a material by virtue of
which it may be flexed or bowed repeatedly without undergo-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the flex-
ing rupture.
ibility of a hot-melt adhesive in sheet form under specific test
3.2.2 hot-melt adhesive, n—an adhesive that is applied in a
conditions. This is a working test. Its results are useful for
molten state and forms a bond on cooling to a solid state.
comparing adhesives, not for absolute characterization of
adhesives.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
4.1 Test strips of a hot-melt adhesive properly sized and
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
conditioned, are bent 180° over a mandrel (rod). Using a fresh
only.
specimen for each test, the test is repeated with smaller
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
diameter mandrels until the adhesive fails on bending. The
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
flexibilityoftheadhesiveisthesmallestdiametermandrelover
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
which four out of five test specimens do not break.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The “Mandrel Bend” test is simple and fast. It requires
2. Referenced Documents
little investment in equipment and little operator training. The
2.1 ASTM Standards:
prime purpose is to determine whether a hot-melt adhesive
D907 Terminology of Adhesives
meets flexibility requirements. This test is also useful for
E171 Specification for Atmospheres for Conditioning and
comparing flexibility of several adhesives. It can be used to
Testing Flexible Barrier Materials
design adhesives by comparing the flexibility of various
NOTE 1—Although no tests related specifically to flexibility of unsup-
formulationstomeetspecificenduseparameters.Theadhesive
ported hot-melt adhesives in sheet form, the above tests concerned with
flexibility can be determined at temperatures other than ambi-
film flexibility of coatings (supported films) are similar.
ent by conditioning the test apparatus and test specimens at the
desired temperature and performing the test under these
3. Terminology
temperature conditions.
3.1 Definitions—Many of the terms found in this test
method are defined in Terminology D907.
6. Apparatus
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
6.1 The test apparatus consists of a series of different
diameter cylindrical rods or mandrels supported at each end.
Thereshallbeenoughspacetopermitplacementoftheflatside
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on of a test specimen tangentially at right angles to the longitu-
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.50 on Hot Melt
dinal axis of the test mandrel. Individual requirements deter-
Pressure Sensitive Archive Adhesives.
mine the diameter and lengths of the rods needed. For most
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2004. Published September 2004. Originally
1 1 1
tests, 3.2 mm (; ⁄8 in.), 6.4 mm (; ⁄4 in.), and 12.8 mm (; ⁄2
approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D3111 – 99. DOI:
10.1520/D3111-99R04E01.
in.) diameter by 75 to 150-mm (;3 to 6-in.) long rods made of
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
brass or stainless steel are satisfactory. Fig. 1 describes two
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
simple test frames, one with fixed mandrels and the other
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
designed to take any diameter mandrel.
the ASTM website.
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D3111–99 (2004)
NOTE 1—(Recess to fit test frame) Figures in parentheses are approximate.
FIG. 1 Test Mandrel (Various Diameters) for Test Frame
7. Test Specimen in.) thick. The thickness d
...