ASTM D6573/D6573M-13(2020)
(Specification)Standard Specification for General Purpose Wirebound Shipping Boxes
Standard Specification for General Purpose Wirebound Shipping Boxes
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the fabrication of new wire-bound general purpose panelboard shipping boxes for use as containers for domestic and overseas shipment of materials and supplies. This specification does not include wirebound box performance under all atmosphere, handling, shipping, and storage conditions. Methods other than those detailed here may be used for the construction of the boxes, provided, that the finished products are of equal or better performance than those produced using the recommended procedures. The boxes are grouped into three types according to the load each box can carry, three classes according to shipment specifications, three styles, and two grades. It is recommended that the boxes be made from recycled materials, lumber, wires, and fasteners that meet the requirements of this specification. Each box side and joint should be assembled according to the recommended procedures.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the fabrication of new wirebound general purpose (GP) panelboard (hereafter referred to as wirebound boxes) shipping boxes intended for use as containers for domestic and overseas shipment of general materials and supplies, not exceeding 500 lb [226.8 kg] for Class 1 domestic, 400 lb [181.4 kg] for Class 2 overseas shipments or 300 lb [136.0 kg] for Class 3 extreme distribution hazard conditions or military contingency purposes.
1.2 Wirebound box performance is dependent on its fabricated components; therefore, a variety of types of load, classes, styles, and treatments reflecting varied performance are specified. This specification does not cover wirebound box performance under all atmosphere, handling, shipping, and storage conditions. Wirebound boxes in compliance with Hazardous Material Modal Regulations or United States Code of Federal Regulations (CFRs) are found in the Supplementary Requirements.
1.3 The use of other construction methods or techniques are acceptable and shall be permitted, provided the resulting packaging systems are of equal or better performance than would result from the use of these specified materials and procedures. The appropriate Practice D4169 distribution cycle(s) can be used to develop comparative procedures and criteria.
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI values given in brackets are mathematical. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. See IEEE/ASTM SI 10 for conversion of units.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D6573/D6573M −13 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Specification for
General Purpose Wirebound Shipping Boxes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6573/D6573M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This specification covers the fabrication of new wire-
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
bound general purpose (GP) panelboard (hereafter referred to
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
as wirebound boxes) shipping boxes intended for use as
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
containers for domestic and overseas shipment of general
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
materials and supplies, not exceeding 500 lb [226.8 kg] for
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Class 1 domestic, 400 lb [181.4 kg] for Class 2 overseas
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
shipmentsor300lb[136.0kg]forClass3extremedistribution
hazard conditions or military contingency purposes.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 Wirebound box performance is dependent on its fabri-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
catedcomponents;therefore,avarietyoftypesofload,classes,
A641/A641MSpecification for Zinc–Coated (Galvanized)
styles, and treatments reflecting varied performance are speci-
Carbon Steel Wire
fied. This specification does not cover wirebound box perfor-
D996Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
mance under all atmosphere, handling, shipping, and storage
ments
conditions. Wirebound boxes in compliance with Hazardous
D3951Practice for Commercial Packaging
Material Modal Regulations or United States Code of Federal
D3953Specification for Strapping, Flat Steel and Seals
Regulations (CFRs) are found in the Supplementary Require-
D4169Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Con-
ments.
tainers and Systems
1.3 Theuseofotherconstructionmethodsortechniquesare
D4442Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measure-
acceptable and shall be permitted, provided the resulting
ment of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
packaging systems are of equal or better performance than
D4444Test Method for Laboratory Standardization and
would result from the use of these specified materials and
Calibration of Hand-Held Moisture Meters
procedures. The appropriate Practice D4169 distribution
D6199PracticeforQualityofWoodMembersofContainers
cycle(s) can be used to develop comparative procedures and
and Pallets
criteria.
D6253Practice for Treatment and/or Marking of Wood
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be Packaging Materials
regarded as standard. The SI values given in brackets are D6254/D6254MSpecification for Wirebound Pallet-Type
mathematical. The values stated in each system are not exact Wood Boxes
equivalents; therefore, each system must be used indepen- F1667SpecificationforDrivenFasteners:Nails,Spikes,and
dently of the other. Combining values from the two systems Staples
may result in non-conformance with the standard. See IEEE/ IEEE/ASTM SI 10Standard for Use of the International
ASTM SI 10 for conversion of units. System of Units (SI) (the Modern Metric System)
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the 2.2 Code of Federal Regulations:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the CFR Parts 107–180, Title 49Hazardous Materials Regula-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- tions
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.12 on Shipping contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Containers, Crates, Pallets, Skids and Related Structures. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2020. Published October 2020. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D6573/D6573M–13. AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOffice,732N.CapitolSt.,NW,Mail
DOI: 10.1520/D6573_D6573M-13R20. Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, www.access.gpo.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6573/D6573M−13 (2020)
2.3 Federal Standard: 3.2.7 lumber—manufactured wood product derived from a
Fed-Std-123Federal Standard Marking for Shipment (Civil log through sawing or planing.
Agencies)
3.2.8 plywood—panel built up of sheers of veneer called
2.4 Military Handbook:
plies, united under pressure by a bonding agent to create a
MIL-HDBK-129DepartmentofDefenseHandbookMilitary
panel with an adhesive bond between plies.
Marking
3.2.9 staple—U-shaped piece of wire with pointed ends,
2.5 National Motor Freight Traffıc Association Standard:
driven astride the binding wires in fabricating the blank or
National Motor Freight Classification
attaching boards to battens.
2.6 ANSI Standard:
3.2.10 veneer—thin layer or sheet of wood.
ANSI/ASQC Q91-1987Quality Systems-Model for Quality
Assurance and Design/Development, Production,
7 4. Classification
Installation, and Servicing
4.1 Type of Load:
2.7 Hardwood Plywood and Veneer Association Standard:
ANSI/HPVA HP-1-2004American National Standard for
4.1.1 Type 1—Easyload,oneinteriorcontainerthatsupports
Hardwood and Decorative Plywood thetop,bottom,andsidesoftheouterwireboundshippingbox.
Articles of moderate density packed in and completely filling
2.8 National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
one and only one interior box, which, in turn, completely fills
Standard:
and supports all the faces of the outer shipping box into which
PS 1-07Structural Plywood
itispacked.Asexamples,cannedandboxedarticles,whichare
PS 20-05American Softwood Lumber Standard
10 repacked in a fiberboard box which completely fills the outer
2.9 International Standard:
shipping box. A single article of moderate density which
International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures Publica-
contacts and completely supports all the faces of the shipping
tion No. 15 (ISPM 15)Regulation of Wood Packaging
box and has sufficient strength, even though not boxed, to
Material in International Trade
withstand the forces encountered in transportation and
handling, but required the protection of the box to prevent
3. Terminology
scratchingormarring.Asexamples,woodormetalchests,tool
3.1 Definitions—General definitions for packaging and dis-
kits, and boxed sturdy instruments packed one in a shipping
tribution environments are found in Terminology D996.
box.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: The
4.1.2 Type 2—Average load, interior or intermediate con-
wood box components discussed herein were selected on the
tainers that support and fill the voids of outer wirebound
basis of part function.Alternate names are sometimes used by
container.Contentsaremoderatelyconcentratedarticles,which
the wood packaging industry and end-users.
may either be packed directly into the outer shipping box or
3.2.1 batten—lumber reinforcement nailed or stapled to the
subject to an intermediate stage of packing, such as wrapping
end faceboards together to create rigidity.
or packing in interior boxes, or protected by other types of
suitable interior intermediate stage of packing, such as wrap-
3.2.2 binding wire—round steel wire stapled to the face-
pingorpackingininteriorboxes,orprotectedbyothertypesof
boards which ends in a loop, the prong of which is firmly
suitable interior packing. The contents or interior packing
anchored in a board or twisted to form a loop.
provide support for all the faces of the shipping box. As
3.2.3 cleat—lumber pieces which form the wirebound box
examples, goods in metal cans, which are packed in an inner
framework and to which the faceboards are stapled.
container, bottles individually cushioned, hardware in cartons.
3.2.4 end—composed of faceboard to which liners, battens,
4.1.3 Type 3—Difficult load, interior contents that require a
or both are attached forming a subassembly.
high degree of protection. Interior contents will not support
3.2.5 faceboard—sheating materials used for the container
outer wirebound shipping container top, bottom, or sides.
faces (top, bottom, sides, and ends).
Contentsarearticles,whicharehighlyconcentrated,requireda
3.2.6 liner—thin wood board staples to the end to reinforce high degree of protection, or do not support the faces of the
shipping box. As examples, wrenches, long bolts, and rods,
the end faceboard.
which can exert highly concentrated forces on faces of ship-
ping box. Rivets, drop forgings, and bulk hardware which are
Available from ASSIST Quicksearch, assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch. packed loosely and according to no definite pattern and apply
Available from ASSIST Quicksearch, assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch.
force on all faces of the shipping box, fragile articles and
AvailablefromtheNationalMotorFreightTrafficAssociation(NMFTA),1001
delicate instruments, which require special protection, valves,
N Fairfax St., Ste 600, Alexandria, VA 22314, www.nmfta.org.
7 fittings, and machine parts which do not completely fill the
Available from the American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd St.,
New York, NY 10036.
shipping box.
Available from Hardwood Plywood andVeneerAssociation (HPVA), P.O. Box
2789, Reston, VA 22090-0789, www.hpva.org. 4.2 Class:
Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100
4.2.1 Class 1—Domestic shipments capable of passing
Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, www.nist.gov.
Practice D4169, distribution Cycle 1 testing as a minimum,
AvailablefromtheInternationalPlantProtectionConvention(IPPC),www.ip-
pc.int. with no maritime shipment testing required.
D6573/D6573M−13 (2020)
4.2.2 Class 2—OverseasshipmentscapableofpassingPrac- 4.3.3 Style 3—Looped wire closure with wired ends.
tice D4169 distribution Cycles 1 with 15, 16, or 17 as
4.4 Treatment:
applicable to the type of shipping container selected.
4.4.1 Grade A—With preservative treatment.
4.2.3 Class 3—Extreme Distribution hazards or military
4.4.2 Grade B—Without water preservative.
contingency operations the wirebound container will be ca-
pableofpassingPracticeD4169distributioncycle18testingas
5. Ordering Information
a minimum requirement.
5.1 Purchasers should cite the following information in
4.3 Style (based on the method of closure, see Fig. 1):
procurement and purchase order documents:
4.3.1 Style 1—Twisted wire closure.
4.3.2 Style 2—Looped wire closure. 5.1.1 Specification title, number, and date.
FIG. 1Box Styles Based on Method of Closures
D6573/D6573M−13 (2020)
5.1.2 Type of load, box, class, and style, and treatment, if 6.1.4 Fasteners:
specified, (see 4.1 – 4.4 and S2). 6.1.4.1 Nails—Nails shall be made of steel wire and shall
5.1.3 Inside box dimensions (see 7.1). conform to the requirements of Specification F1667 or other
5.1.4 Intermediate cleats for special designs, their size and industrystandards.Nailsareclassifiedasplain-shank,helically
location. (see 7.3.1). threaded, annularly threaded, fluted, or twisted square wire.
5.1.5 Weight of contents or load specified in lb (kg). Nails will be clinched, cement-coated, or chemical etched to
5.1.6 Type of girth wire (see 7.7.2). prevent premature withdrawal.
5.1.7 When palletization is required (see S3.4.3). 6.1.4.2 Staples or Wire Stitches—Staples have either round-
5.1.8 Marking required (see S4). wire or approximately square-wire legs, referring to the cross-
5.1.9 Exceptions to these specifications, if authorized. sectional shape of the wire. Staples or wire stitches shall be
5.1.10 When preservative treatment GradeAis required for madeofsteelwirenotlessthan0.0625in.16gage[2mm]and
Class 2 or 3 boxes for overseas shipments (see 6.1.5). comply with Specification F1667 or other industry standards.
5.1.11 When four-way entry skids are required and when 6.1.5 Wood Preservative, Water Repellent—Water repellent
3 ⁄2×4-in.[76×89mm]built-upskidsarerequired(see7.13). preservative shall be composed of either a 2% copper
5.1.12 Purchasers should reference by paragraph number naphthenate, a 3% zinc naphthenate, or a 1.8% oxine copper
any supplemental requirements applicable to their purchase (formerly referred to as copper-8-quinolinolate) solution.
request (see S1.1).
7. Construction
5.1.13 When ISPM 15 compliance is required (See 9.3).
7.1 Dimensions—Boxes shall be furnished having the di-
6. Materials and Manufacture
mensions as specified (see 5.1.3). Dimensions of boxes are
6.1 Materials—Materials shall be as specified herein. Ma-
measured between the inside surfaces of the faceboards, and
terials not specified shall be selected by the contractor or box
calculated to the nearest ⁄8 in. [3 mm], the preferred sequence
builder and shall be subject to all provisions of this specifica- length, width, and depth is used to communicate size in the
tion. Materials shall be free of defects, which adversely affect
purchase order or contract.
performance or serviceability of the finished product.
7.2 Faceboards—The thickness of the faceboard can be
6.1.1 Lumber—Lumber shall conform to Practice D6199,
determined by selecting the appropriate information from
PS 20 or the NHLA rules. All lumber sizes specified herein
Tables 2 and 3. Weight of box contents, type of load and the
shallbenominalandshallbetheminimumacceptablesizesfor
groups of wood based on box class determine the appropriate
lumber components. Lumber components shall have a target
faceboard.
thickness and width uniform in dimension and 50% of
7.2.1 Grain of Faceboards—End faceboards for Styles 1
components shall meet or exceed the target dimensions at the
and 2 boxes shall be placed with the grain horizontal, except
time of component manufacture.
that when horizontal battens are used in end panels, the grain
6.1.2 Plywood Panel—Plywood shall conform to ANSI/
of the faceboards shall be vertical. End faceboards for Style 3
HPVA HP-1-2004 or PS 1, Exposure 1 or Exterior panel.
boxes shall be placed with the grain vertical.Aline of staples
Plywoodshallhavenodefects(k
...
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