ASTM A319-71(2015)

Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Elevated Temperatures for Non-Pressure Containing Parts

ABSTRACT
This specification covers gray iron castings exposed to elevated temperatures for non-pressure containing parts such as grate bars, stoker links, stoker parts, oil still furnace parts, firebox parts, ingot molds, glass molds, caustic pots, and metal melting pots. The three classes of gray iron covered here are: Class I, possessing superior thermal shock resistance; Class II, possessing average thermal shock resistance and moderately good tensile strength; and Class III, possessing a higher tensile strength than either Classes I or II. It is the intention of this specification to classify the irons in accordance with their carbon content equivalent, wherein the equation for its calculation is given herein.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers three classes of gray iron suitable for castings exposed to temperatures encountered in such service as grate bars, stoker links, stoker parts, oil still furnace parts, firebox parts, ingot molds, glass molds, caustic pots, and metal melting pots.  
Note 1: This specification is general, covering cast irons normally used for the above types of service, at temperatures as high as 1400°F (760°C). It is not intended to imply that all three classes are suitable throughout this entire temperature range without regard to actual service stresses. Some are suitable for long service at the lower temperatures only, unless low stresses are involved.  
1.2 The three classes of gray iron covered by this specification are as follows:  
1.2.1 Class I,  possessing superior resistance to thermal shock,  
1.2.2 Class II,  possessing average resistance to thermal shock and a moderately good tensile strength (tensile strengths above 30 000 psi (207 MPa) may be expected), and  
1.2.3 Class III,  possessing a higher tensile strength than either Classes I or II (tensile strengths as high as 40 000 psi (276 MPa) may be expected).  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2015
• ICS: 77.140.80 - Iron and steel castings
• Technical Committee: A04 - Iron Castings
• Drafting Committee: A04.01 - Grey and White Iron Castings

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A319-71(2011) - Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Elevated Temperatures for Non-Pressure Containing Parts
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2015
• Replaced By: ASTM A319-71(2020) - Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Elevated Temperatures for Non-Pressure-Containing Parts
• Effective Date: 01-May-2020
• Referred By: ASTM A834-95(2020) - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Iron Castings for General Industrial Use
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2015

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:A319 −71 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Specification for
Gray Iron Castings for Elevated Temperatures for Non-
Pressure Containing Parts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A319; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Physical Requirements
1.1 This specification covers three classes of gray iron 4.1 Some of the gray cast irons described in this specifica-
suitable for castings exposed to temperatures encountered in
tion are deliberately made of a soft, low-strength iron for
such service as grate bars, stoker links, stoker parts, oil still resistance to thermal shock, and strength requirements are
furnace parts, firebox parts, ingot molds, glass molds, caustic
unnecessary. For applications in which a strength requirement
pots, and metal melting pots. is essential, room temperature tensile strengths may be speci-
fied up to those prescribed for Class 40 in Specification
NOTE 1—This specification is general, covering cast irons normally
A48/A48M.
used for the above types of service, at temperatures as high as 1400°F
(760°C). It is not intended to imply that all three classes are suitable
throughout this entire temperature range without regard to actual service
5. Machinability
stresses. Some are suitable for long service at the lower temperatures only,
5.1 All machinable castings shall be limited in hardness at
unless low stresses are involved.
such locations on the castings as designated by the purchaser.
1.2 The three classes of gray iron covered by this specifi-
The maximum hardness at the locations on castings that are to
cation are as follows:
be machined shall be a matter of agreement between the
1.2.1 Class I, possessing superior resistance to thermal
manufacturer and the purchaser.
shock,
1.2.2 Class II, possessing average resistance to thermal
6. Chemical Composition
shock and a moderately good tensile strength (tensile strengths
6.1 It is the intention of this specification to classify these
above 30 000 psi (207 MPa) may be expected), and
irons in accordance with their carbon content equivalent
1.2.3 Class III, possessing a higher tensile strength than
calculated as follows:
either Classes I or II (tensile strengths as high as 40 000 psi
(276 MPa) may be expected).
Carbon content equivalent 5 C10.3 Si1P (1)
~ !
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
where:
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
C = carbon content, %,
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
Si = silicon content, %, and
and are not considered standard.
P = phosphorus content, %,
2. Referenced Documents
6.2 The carbon content equivalent and the minimum carbon
content for the various classes shall be as prescribed in Table 1.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Table 2 prescribes the allowable silicon ranges predicated on
A48/A48M Specification for Gray Iron Castings
the basis of various permissible carbon contents. It is recom-
3. Manufacture
mended that embrittling impurities be held to the following
3.1 The melting procedure shall be optional with the
maximum limits:
foundry.
Phosphorus, max, % 0.60
Sulfur, max, % 0.15
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A04 on Iron
6.3 The three basic classes may be alloyed with chromium.
CastingsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA04.01onGreyandWhite
When chromium is present as an alloying element, each class
Iron Castings.
shall be subdivided into types designated as follows:
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2015. Published November 2011. Originally
approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as A319 – 71 (2011).
Type Chromium, %
DOI: 10.1520/A0319-71R15.
A 0.20–0.40
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
B 0.41–0.65
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
C 0.66–0.95
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
D 0.96–1.20
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A319−71 (2015)
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
8. Workmanship, Finish, a
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A319 − 71 (Reapproved 2011) A319 − 71 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Specification for
Gray Iron Castings for Elevated Temperatures for Non-
Pressure Containing Parts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A319; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers three classes of gray iron suitable for castings exposed to temperatures encountered in such service
as grate bars, stoker links, stoker parts, oil still furnace parts, firebox parts, ingot molds, glass molds, caustic pots, and metal
melting pots.
NOTE 1—This specification is general, covering cast irons normally used for the above types of service, at temperatures as high as 1400°F (760°C).
It is not intended to imply that all three classes are suitable throughout this entire temperature range without regard to actual service stresses. Some are
suitable for long service at the lower temperatures only, unless low stresses are involved.
1.2 The three classes of gray iron covered by this specification are as follows:
1.2.1 Class I, possessing superior resistance to thermal shock,
1.2.2 Class II, possessing average resistance to thermal shock and a moderately good tensile strength (tensile strengths above
30 000 psi (207 MPa) may be expected), and
1.2.3 Class III, possessing a higher tensile strength than either Classes I or II (tensile strengths as high as 40 000 psi (276 MPa)
may be expected).
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A48/A48M Specification for Gray Iron Castings
3. Manufacture
3.1 The melting procedure shall be optional with the foundry.
4. Physical Requirements
4.1 Some of the gray cast irons described in this specification are deliberately made of a soft, low-strength iron for resistance
to thermal shock, and strength requirements are unnecessary. For applications in which a strength requirement is essential, room
temperature tensile strengths may be specified up to those prescribed for Class 40 in Specification A48/A48M.
5. Machinability
5.1 All machinable castings shall be limited in hardness at such locations on the castings as designated by the purchaser. The
maximum hardness at the locations on castings that are to be machined shall be a matter of agreement between the manufacturer
and the purchaser.
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 It is the intention of this specification to classify these irons in accordance with their carbon content equivalent calculated
as follows:
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A04 on Iron Castings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A04.01 on Grey and White Iron
Castings.
Current edition approved March 1, 2011Nov. 1, 2015. Published September 2011November 2011. Originally approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 20062011
as A319A319 – 71 (2011).–71 (2006). DOI: 10.1520/A0319-71R11.10.1520/A0319-71R15.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A319 − 71 (2015)
Carbon content equivalent 5 C10.3 Si1P (1)
~ !
where:
C = carbon content, %,
Si = silicon content, %, and
P = phosphorus content, %,
6.2 The carbon content equivalent and the minimum carbon content for the various classes shall be as prescribed in Table 1.
Table 2 prescribes the allowable silicon ranges predicated on the basis of various permissible carbon contents. It is recommended
that embrittling impurities be held to the following maximum limits:
Phosphorus, max, % 0.60
Sulfur, max, % 0.15
6.3 The three basic classes may be alloyed with chromium. When chromium is present as an alloying element, each class shall
be subdivided into types designated a
...