ASTM B353-12(2022)e1
(Specification)Standard Specification for Wrought Zirconium and Zirconium Alloy Seamless and Welded Tubes for Nuclear Service (Except Nuclear Fuel Cladding)
Standard Specification for Wrought Zirconium and Zirconium Alloy Seamless and Welded Tubes for Nuclear Service (Except Nuclear Fuel Cladding)
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard requirements for wrought zirconium and zirconium alloy seamless and welded tubes for nuclear applications except for nuclear fuel cladding. Five grades of reactor grade zirconium and zirconium alloys with R60001, R60802, R60804, R60901, and R60904 UNS number designations are described. Material shall be made from ingots produced by vacuum arc melting, electron beam melting, or other melting process to be carried out in furnaces conventionally used for reactive metals. Seamless tubes may be made by billet extrusion with subsequent cold working, by drawing, swaging, or rocking, with intermediate annealing. Welded tubing shall be made from flat-rolled products by an automatic or semiautomatic welding process with no addition of filler metal and shall be cold reduced by drawing, swaging, or rocking. The products shall be in the recrystallized or cold-worked and stress-relieved conditions and shall be furnished by as-cold reducing, pickling, grounding, polishing, or end-saw cutting, machining, or shearing. Chemical and product analysis shall be performed on the materials which shall meet the chemical composition requirements for tin, iron, chromium, nickel, niobium, oxygen, and other impurity elements. The tensile properties shall be determined by a tensile test method and shall conform to the tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation limits. Steam and water corrosion tests and hydrostatic test shall be conducted to determine the acceptance criteria for corrosion and internal hydrostatic pressure, respectively. Burst properties, contractile strain ratio, grain size, and hydride orientation of the finished tubing shall also be determined.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
16.1 For the purpose of determining compliance with the specified limits of property requirements, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E29.
Test
Rounded Units for Observed
or Calculated Value
Chemical composition, tolerance
(when expressed in decimals)
nearest unit in the last right hand place of figures of the specified limit
Tensile strength and yield strength
nearest 1000 psi (10 MPa)
Elongation
nearest 1 %
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers seamless and welded wrought zirconium and zirconium-alloy tubes for nuclear application. Nuclear fuel cladding is covered in Specification B811.
1.2 Five grades of reactor grade zirconium and zirconium alloys suitable for nuclear application are described.
1.2.1 The present UNS numbers designated for the five grades are given in Table 1.
1.3 Unless a single unit is used, for example corrosion mass gain in mg/dm2, the values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore each system must be used independently of the other. SI values cannot be mixed with inch-pound values.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portions of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation:B353 −12 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Specification for
Wrought Zirconium and Zirconium Alloy Seamless and
Welded Tubes for Nuclear Service (Except Nuclear Fuel
Cladding)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B353; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Editorial changes made to Table 5 in April 2022.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification covers seamless and welded wrought
B350/B350MSpecification for Zirconium and Zirconium
zirconium and zirconium-alloy tubes for nuclear application.
Alloy Ingots for Nuclear Application
Nuclear fuel cladding is covered in Specification B811.
B811Specification for Wrought Zirconium Alloy Seamless
1.2 Five grades of reactor grade zirconium and zirconium
Tubes for Nuclear Reactor Fuel Cladding
alloys suitable for nuclear application are described.
E8Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
1.2.1 The present UNS numbers designated for the five
[Metric] E0008_E0008M
grades are given in Table 1.
E21TestMethodsforElevatedTemperatureTensionTestsof
Metallic Materials
1.3 Unlessasingleunitisused,forexamplecorrosionmass
E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
gain in mg/dm , the values stated in either inch-pound or SI
Determine Conformance with Specifications
units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values
E112Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore each
G2/G2MTest Method for Corrosion Testing of Products of
system must be used independently of the other. SI values
Zirconium, Hafnium, and Their Alloys in Water at 680°F
cannot be mixed with inch-pound values.
(360°C) or in Steam at 750°F (400°C)
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
3. Terminology
test method portions of this specification. This standard does
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
3.1.1 dimensions, n—tube dimensions are outside diameter,
standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environ-
inside diameter, and wall thickness. Only two of these param-
mental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
eters may be specified in addition to length, except minimum
limitations prior to use.
wallmaybespecifiedwithoutsideandinsidediameter.Ineach
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
case, ovality and wall thickness variation (WTV) may be
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
specified as additional requirements (see 3.1.5 and 3.1.6).
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.2 hydride orientation fraction, Fn, n—the ratio of hy-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
dride platelets oriented in the radial direction to the total
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
hydride platelets in the field examined.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.3 Lot Definitions:
3.1.3.1 tubes, n—alotshallconsistofamaterialofthesame
size,shape,condition,andfinishproducedfromthesameingot
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on
Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloysand is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee B10.02 on Zirconium and Hafnium. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved April 1, 2022. Published April 2022. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as B353–12 (2017). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/B0353-12R22E01. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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B353−12 (2022)
TABLE 1 ASTM and UNS Number Designations for Reactor Grade
4. Ordering Information
Zirconium and Zirconium Alloys
4.1 Purchase orders for material covered in this specifica-
Grade UNS Number
tion should include the following information to describe
Reactor-grade zirconium R60001
adequately the desired material:
Zirconium-tin alloy R60802
Zirconium-tin alloy R60804
4.1.1 Quantity,
Zirconium-niobium alloy R60901
4.1.2 Grade (see Table 1), and UNS Number,
Zirconium-niobium alloy R60904
4.1.3 Condition (recrystallized or stress relieved) (Section
6),
4.1.4 Dimensions, length, and tolerance (see Table 2 with
Notes),
or powder blend by the same reduction schedule and the same
4.1.5 Methodofmanufacture(seamlessorwelded)(Section
heat treatment parameters. Unless otherwise agreed between
5),
manufacturer and purchaser, a lot shall be limited to the
4.1.6 ASTM designation and year of issue,
product of an 8 h period for final continuous anneal, or to a
4.1.7 Surface finish on the inside (ID) and the outside (OD)
single furnace load for final batch anneal.
surfaces (Ra (in micro-inches or micrometres), unless other-
3.1.4 mill finish tubes, n—tubes that have received all
wise stated) (6.3),
finishing operations subsequent to final anneal, which poten-
4.1.8 Surface condition on the inside (ID) and outside (OD)
tially affects tube mechanical, dimensional, or surface condi-
surfaces (as pickled, abraded, etc.), and ends (as-saw cut,
tion. These operations include, but are not limited to, pickling,
machined/chamfered, sheared, etc.) (6.2), and
cleaning, outer and inner surface abrasive conditioning, and
4.1.9 Mutually agreed-upon inspection standards in accor-
straightening.
dance with 9.2, 10.2, 10.4, 10.5, 11.1.1.2, 11.1.2.2, and
3.1.5 ovality, n—the difference between the maximum and
11.1.2.3.
minimum diameter, either outer or inner, as determined at any
one transverse cross section of the tube. NOTE 1—Atypical order description may read as follows: 1000 pieces
of seamless zirconium-tin alloy tube OD abraded and ID pickled, Grade
3.1.6 wall thickness variation (WTV), n—the difference
R60804, recrystallized, ⁄4 in. outside diameter by 0.035 in. wall by 10-ft
between maximum and minimum wall thickness measured at
lengthsinaccordancewithASTMB353-07.Surfacefinishtobe__OD,__
any one transverse cross section of the tube. ID.
3.1.6.1 Discussion—Measurement of ovality and WTV
4.2 In addition to the information in 4.1, the following
made by a helical scan with a pitch not exceeding 0.25 in. (6.5
points of agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser
mm) shall be considered as equivalent to “at any one cross
should be specified in the purchase order as required:
section of the tube.”
4.2.1 Filler metal requirements for welded tubes (Paragraph
3.1.7 recrystallized, n—fully annealed condition.
5.4),
3.1.8 stress relieved, n—annealed to remove residual 4.2.2 Oxygen concentration limits in R60001, R60802,
stresses without recrystallization. R60804, and R60904 (Section 7),
TABLE 2 Permissible Variations in Diameter, Wall Thickness, and Ovality Measured at Any Location
NOTE1—Thetolerancesinthistableareapplicabletoonlytwoofthethreefollowingdimensions:outsidediameter,insidediameter,andwallthickness.
NOTE 2—The manufacturer should be consulted for applicable tolerances in small tubes (less than 0.187 in. (5 mm) in diameter) or tubes with wall
thickness less than 0.010 in. (0.25 mm).
NOTE 3—A wider variation of ±12.5% of wall thickness is permitted for extra-thick walled tubes having wall thicknesses of 0.75 in. (19 mm) (or
greater) or inside diameter 60% (or less) of the outside diameter.
NOTE 4—Ovality is the difference between maximum and minimum outside diameters measured at any one cross section.
NOTE5—Intubeswithnominalwallthicknesslessthan3%ofnominaloutsidediameter,theovalitytoleranceistwicethetoleranceshownforoutside
or inside diameter (columns 3 and 4), but the average outside or inside diameter must fall within the tolerance given in columns 3 and 4 of the table.
NOTE 6—The manufacturer should be consulted for ovality tolerances in tubes with wall thickness less than 2% of nominal outside diameter.
Variation in Diameter Outside or Ovality See Note 5 Variation in
Nominal Outside Diameter
Inside Wall Thickness
in. mm in. mm in. mm %
0.187–0.625, excl 5–16, excl ±0.002 ±0.05 0.004 0.10 ±10
0.625–1.000, excl 16–25, excl ±0.0025 ±0.06 0.005 0.12 ±10
1.000–2.000, excl 25–50, excl ±0.004 ±0.10 0.008 0.20 ±10
2.000–3.000, excl 50–75, excl ±0.005 ±0.13 0.010 0.26 ±10
3.000–4.000, excl 75–100, excl ±0.007 ±0.18 0.014 0.36 ±10
4.000–5.000, excl 100–125, excl ±0.010 ±0.25 0.020 0.50 ±10
5.000–6.000, excl 125–150, excl ±0.015 ±0.40 0.030 0.80 ±10
6.000–8.000, excl 150–200, excl ±0.020 ±0.50 0.040 1.00 ±10
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B353−12 (2022)
4.2.3 Specimen temperature(s) during mechanical testing 5.2 The tubes shall be made by a process approved by the
(Section 8 and Table 3, Footnote C), purchaser.
4.2.4 Method of determining yield strength if other than
5.3 Seamless tubes may be made by any method that will
0.2% offset method (Section 8),
yield a seamless product that meets the requirements of this
4.2.5 Tensile property requirements for conditions or tem-
specification. One such method is extrusion of billets with
peratures not listed in Table 3 (Section 8),
subsequent cold working, by drawing, swaging, or rocking,
4.2.6 Location of the inside diameter plugs in elevated
with intermediate anneals until the final dimensions are
temperature short-time tension test, (see Table 3, Footnote D,
reached.
and Paragraph 8.1.3),
5.4 Unlessotherwiseagreeduponbetweenthemanufacturer
4.2.7 Burst properties (Paragraph 8.2),
and purchaser, welded tubing shall be made from flat-rolled
4.2.8 Post burst test measurement technique (Annex A1),
products by an automatic or semiautomatic welding process
4.2.9 Sample condition and visual standards for corrosion
with no addition of filler metal in the welding operation. Other
test (Section 10),
methodsofwelding,suchastheadditionoffillermetalorhand
4.2.10 Hydride orientation test procedure, measurement
welding, may be employed if approved by the purchaser and
technique, magnification of photomicrograph, and limiting
tested by methods agreed upon between the manufacturer and
values for Fn (Section 12 and Annex A2),
the purchaser. If filler wire is used, it must meet the chemical
4.2.11 For hydride orientation, angle theta (θ) for determin-
requirements of the appropriate grade as shown in Table 4.
ing radial platelets (Section 12 and Annex A2).
Welded tube is normally cold reduced to the desired dimen-
4.2.12 General test requirements and test plan for samples
sions by such methods as drawing, swaging, or rocking. The
(Section 14),
manufacturer must prevent contamination during welding by
4.2.13 Hydrostatic test requirements (Section 13),
use of proper precautions.
4.2.14 Contractilestrainratioacceptancecriteria(Paragraph
8.3 and Annex A4),
6. Condition and Finish
4.2.15 Retest sampling plan and requirements (Section 15),
6.1 Metallurgical Condition:
4.2.16 Quantity variance (Section 17),
6.1.1 Grade R60001 product shall be in the recrystallized
4.2.17 Certificate of test (Section 19), and
condition unless otherwise specified in the purchase order.
4.2.18 Special packing instructions (Section 20).
6.1.2 Grades R60802, R60804, R60901, and R60904 prod-
5. Materials and Manufacture uct can be furnished in the recrystallized condition or cold-
worked and stress-relieved condition, as specified in the
5.1 Material covered by this specification shall be made
purchase order.
fromingotsproducedbymultiplevacuumarcmelting,electron
beam melting or other melting processes conventionally used 6.2 Tubes shall be furnished with one of the following
for reactive metals; all melting is to be carried out in furnaces finishes as designated in the purchase order:
usually used for reactive metals. 6.2.1 As cold reduced,
A,B,C,D,E,F
TABLE 3 Minimum Tensile Properties of Tubing Tested in the Longitudinal Direction
C,F
Test Temperature Minimum Ultimate Tensile Strength Minimum 0.2 % Yield Strength
Minimum
Material Condition
Elongation, %
°F (°C) psi (MPa) psi (MPa)
R60001 RT RT 42 000 (290) 20 000 (140) 25
BB B B B
Recrystallized 572 (300)
R60802, R60804 RT RT 60 000 (415) 35 000 (240) 20
BB B B B
Recrystallized 572 (300)
BB B B B
R60802, R60804 RT (RT)
BB B B B
Cold-worked and Stress-relieved 572 (300)
R60901, R60904 RT (RT) 65 000 (450) 45 000 (310) 20
BB B B B
Recrystallized 572 (300)
R60901, R60904 RT (RT) 103 000 (710) 70 000 (485) 12
Cold-worked and Stress-relieved 572 (300) 69 500 (480) 48 000 (330) 12
A
The strength of zirconium alloys is a function of their metallurgical condition, alloy content, and impurity level, especially oxygen. The strength values listed above are
for alloys that contain oxygen concentrations in the range 900 to 1400 ppm. For alloys with other oxygen concentrations, the tensile properties are to be agreed upon
between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
B
To be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
C
The tensile test is to be carried out at one or more of the temperatures listed in Table 3 (or at another temperature) as agreed upon between the manufacturer and
purchaser. If one of the above temperatures is selected, the minimum properties shall be as listed for that temperature. If a different temperature is selected, the minimum
properties shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.
D
Paragraph 6.9.1 in Test Methods E8 allows small diameter tubes to be tested as full size tubular sections with snug-fitting metal plugs inserted into the ends of the tube
to permit proper gripping by the test machine jaws, as shown in Fig. 11 in Test Methods E8. Specimens for the testing of large diameter tubes are cut from the wall of the
tube and are to satisfy the requirements of Figs. 12 and 13 in Test Methods E8.
E
The properties in this table apply to tubes 0.125 in. (3.2 mm) outside diameter and larger, and 0.015 in. (0.38 mm) wall and thicker. Mechanical properties of tubes outside
these limits are to be agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.
F
“RT” represents room temperature; Note 4 in Test Methods E8 and E8M indicates that RT shall be considered to be 50 to 100 °F (10 to 38 °C) unless otherwise specified.
Paragraph 9.4.4 in Test Methods E21 states that for the duration of the test, th
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