ASTM D4128-06(2012)
(Guide)Standard Guide for Identification and Quantitation of Organic Compounds in Water by Combined Gas Chromatography and Electron Impact Mass Spectrometry
Standard Guide for Identification and Quantitation of Organic Compounds in Water by Combined Gas Chromatography and Electron Impact Mass Spectrometry
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
With the common occurrence in water of organic compounds, some of which are toxic, it is often necessary to identify the specific compounds present and to determine the concentration.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the identification and quantitation of organic compounds by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (electron impact) that are present or extracted from water and are capable of passing through a gas chromatograph without alteration. The guide is intended primarily for solutions for which 1 ng or more of any component of interest can be introduced onto a gas chromatographic column. This guide has the advantage of providing tentative identifications of volatile and semi-volatile organics, but is restricted to (a) compounds for which reference spectra can be obtained and (b) compounds that can be separated by gas chromatography (GC). These restrictions are imposed on the guide, but are not a limitation of the technique. The guide is written for, but not restricted to, analysis using automated data acquisition and handling.
1.2 Guidelines have been included for quantitation using ASTM Test Methods D3871, D3973, and other GC-MS volatile/semivolatile procedures used for environmental analysis . A detection amount of 1 ng can only be considered approximate. The actual detection limits for each component must be determined in each laboratory. Actual detection amounts will vary with the complexity of the matrix, the kind and condition of the GC-MS system, the sample preparation technique chosen, and the application of cleanup techniques to the sample extract, if any. Lower levels of detection can be achieved using modern sensitive instruments or with selected ion monitoring (SIM). To determine the interlaboratory detection estimate (IDE) and the interlaboratory quantitation estimate (IQE), follow Practices D6091 and D6512.
1.3 The guide is applicable to the identification of many organic constituents of natural and treated waters. It includes all modes of sample introduction, including injection of organic extracts, direct aqueous injection, and purge and trap techniques.
1.4 The guide is applicable to either packed or capillary column gas chromatography, including wide-bore capillary columns. Because of their greatly enhanced resolution, capillary columns are strongly recommended.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D4128 −06 (Reapproved 2012)
Standard Guide for
Identification and Quantitation of Organic Compounds in
Water by Combined Gas Chromatography and Electron
1
Impact Mass Spectrometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4128; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope all modes of sample introduction, including injection of or-
ganic extracts, direct aqueous injection, and purge and trap
1.1 This guide covers the identification and quantitation of
techniques.
organic compounds by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
(GC-MS) (electron impact) that are present or extracted from 1.4 The guide is applicable to either packed or capillary
water and are capable of passing through a gas chromatograph column gas chromatography, including wide-bore capillary
without alteration. The guide is intended primarily for solu- columns. Because of their greatly enhanced resolution, capil-
tions for which 1 ng or more of any component of interest can lary columns are strongly recommended.
be introduced onto a gas chromatographic column. This guide
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
has the advantage of providing tentative identifications of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
volatile and semi-volatile organics, but is restricted to (a)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
compoundsforwhichreferencespectracanbeobtainedand(b)
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
compoundsthatcanbeseparatedbygaschromatography(GC).
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
These restrictions are imposed on the guide, but are not a
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
limitation of the technique. The guide is written for, but not
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
restricted to, analysis using automated data acquisition and
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
handling.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.2 Guidelines have been included for quantitation using
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM Test Methods D3871, D3973, and other GC-MS
volatile/semivolatile procedures used for environmental analy-
2
2. Referenced Documents
sis . A detection amount of 1 ng can only be considered
3
approximate. The actual detection limits for each component
2.1 ASTM Standards:
must be determined in each laboratory. Actual detection
D1066 Practice for Sampling Steam
amounts will vary with the complexity of the matrix, the kind
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
and condition of the GC-MS system, the sample preparation
D1192 Guide for Equipment for Sampling Water and Steam
4
technique chosen, and the application of cleanup techniques to
in Closed Conduits (Withdrawn 2003)
the sample extract, if any. Lower levels of detection can be
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
achieved using modern sensitive instruments or with selected
D2908 Practice for Measuring Volatile Organic Matter in
ion monitoring (SIM). To determine the interlaboratory detec-
Water by Aqueous-Injection Gas Chromatography
tion estimate (IDE) and the interlaboratory quantitation esti-
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
mate (IQE), follow Practices D6091 and D6512.
D3694 Practices for Preparation of Sample Containers and
for Preservation of Organic Constituents
1.3 The guide is applicable to the identification of many
D3871 Test Method for Purgeable Organic Compounds in
organic constituents of natural and treated waters. It includes
Water Using Headspace Sampling
D3973 TestMethodforLow-MolecularWeightHalogenated
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D19 on Water and is
the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.06 on Methods for Analysis for
3
Organic Substances in Water For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved June 15, 2012. Published August 2012. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
published in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D4128 – 06. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D4128-06R12. the ASTM website.
2 4
U.S. EPA Methods 624 and 8260 (volatiles) and U.S. EPA Methods 625 and The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
8270 (semivolatiles) are suitable for quantitation. www.astm.org.
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