ASTM D2556-93a(1997)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Adhesives Having Shear-Rate-Dependent Flow Properties
Standard Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Adhesives Having Shear-Rate-Dependent Flow Properties
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the apparent viscosity of shear-rate-dependent adhesives.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D 2556 – 93a (Reapproved 1997)
Standard Test Method for
Apparent Viscosity of Adhesives Having Shear-Rate-
Dependent Flow Properties
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2556; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 5. Apparatus
3 3
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the appar- 5.1 Viscometer—The apparatus consists of a spindle, disk,
3 4
ent viscosity of shear-rate-dependent adhesives. T-bar, or coaxial-type viscometer with appropriate spindles,
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the disks, T-bars, or cylinders. Do not use a scored, warped, or
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the otherwise damaged spindle, disk, T-bar, or cylinder. Except
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- when using the coaxial cylinder-type viscometer, the size of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- container to be used is determined by mutual agreement. Some
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. instruments have two concentric scales, and care is to be taken
to read the pointer on the correct scale.
2. Referenced Documents 5
5.2 Supporting Stand —Use a support for the viscometer
2.1 ASTM Standards:
which consists of a suitable stand with a supporting arm
D 907 Terminology of Adhesives capableofbeingloweredorraisedeithermanuallyormechani-
cally.
3. Terminology
5.3 Thermometer— Use a precision thermometer, with
3.1 Definitions: Many terms in this test method are defined
graduations not greater than 0.2°C (0.5°F), for temperature
in Terminology D 907.
measurements.
3.1.1 Newtonian behavior, n—the property of a liquid in
6. Conditioning
which its viscosity is constant over a stated range of strain
rates. (Compare non-Newtonian behavior.) 6.1 Condition the adhesive sample and instrument at 23 6
3.1.2 non-Newtonian behavior, n—the property of a liquid
0.5°C (73.4 6 1.0°F) (or other temperature agreed upon
in which its viscosity is not constant over a stated range of between the adhesive vendor and the purchaser) at least 16 h.
strain rates. If special conditioning methods are necessary, such as the use
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
ofacirculatingwaterbath,theyshallbenotedinthereport,see
3.2.1 apparent viscosity, n—resistance to shear at a given 8.1.4.
rate of shear, expressed as viscosity in absolute units.
7. Procedure
4. Significance and Use
7.1 Select a viscometer and spindle (see Table X1.1), disk,
4.1 The principle of measurement is based upon a reversible
T-bar, or cylinder suited to the viscosity range of the material
isothermal change in apparent viscosity with change in rate of such that the model-speed-rotational element combination will
shear.
give dial readings between 20 and 80 % of the full-scale
4.2 Measurementisperformedwithaspindle,disk,T-bar,or reading. Firmly fit the rotational element into the shaft exten-
coaxial cylinder rotational viscometer under standardized con-
sion which goes down through the center of the dial casing.
ditions with rigid control of the time intervals of measurement. Place the viscometer on the supporting stand so that the
Readings are obtained on the viscometer dial scale at the end
rotational element is vertical. Slowly immerse the rotational
of 1 min for each rotational speed. Changes from the lowest element in the sample to the depth recommended by the
speed to the highest speed, and return to the lowest speed, are
made without stopping the instrument.
The Brookfield Synchro-LectricViscometers, Models LV, RV, or HVhave been
found satisfactory for this purpose and are available from the Brookfield Engineer-
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-14 on ing Laboratories, Stoughton, MA.
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D 14.10 on Working The Ferranti Portable Viscometers, Models VL, VM, or VH have been found
Properties. satisfactory for this test method and are available from Ferranti Electric Inc.,
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 1993. Published February 1994. Originally Plainview, Long Island, NY.
published as D 2556 – 66 T. Last previous edition D 2556 – 93. The Brookfield Helipath Stand or other commercially available stands may be
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.06. used.
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