ASTM E473-00

Standard Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology is a compilation of definitions of terms used in ASTM documents relating to thermal analysis. This terminology includes only those terms for which ASTM either has standards or is contemplating some action. It is not intended to be an all-inclusive listing of terms related to thermal analysis.
1.2 This terminology specifically supports the single-word form for terms using thermo-as a prefix, such as thermoanalytical or thermomagnetometry, while recognizing that for some terms a two-word form can be used, such as thermal analysis. This terminology does not support, nor does it recommend, use of the grammatically incorrect, single-word form using thermalas a prefix, such as, thermalanalytical or thermalmagnetometry.
1.3 Definitions that are similar to those published by another standards body are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization: for example, ICTAC is the International Confederation for Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry.
1.4 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in notes. It is reviewed every five years, and the year of the last review or revision is appended.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Oct-2000
• ICS: 01.040.17 - Metrology and measurement. Physical phenomena (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 17.200.10 - Heat. Calorimetry
• Technical Committee: E37 - Thermal Measurements
• Drafting Committee: E37.03 - Nomenclature and Definitions

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E473-99 - Standard Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2000
• Replaced By: ASTM E473-03 - Standard Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D3895-19 - Standard Test Method for Oxidative-Induction Time of Polyolefins by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2000
• Referred By: ASTM E2403-23 - Standard Test Method for Sulfated Ash of Organic Materials by Thermogravimetry
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2000
• Referred By: ASTM E2041-23 - Standard Test Method for Estimating Kinetic Parameters by Differential Scanning Calorimeter Using the Borchardt and Daniels Method
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D6382/D6382M-99(2022) - Standard Practice for Dynamic Mechanical Analysis and Thermogravimetry of Roofing and Waterproofing Membrane Material
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2000
• Referred By: ASTM E2070-13(2018) - Standard Test Methods for Kinetic Parameters by Differential Scanning Calorimetry Using Isothermal Methods
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2000
• Referred By: ASTM E537-20 - Standard Test Method for Thermal Stability of Chemicals by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2000
• Referred By: ASTM E2347-21 - Standard Test Method for Indentation Softening Temperature by Thermomechanical Analysis
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2000
• Referred By: ASTM C1872-18e2 - Standard Test Method for Thermogravimetric Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2000
• Referred By: ASTM E1868-10(2021) - Standard Test Methods for Loss-On-Drying by Thermogravimetry
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2000
• Referred By: ASTM F2005-21 - Standard Terminology for Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloys
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2000
• Referred By: ASTM E928-19 - Standard Test Method for Purity by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2000
• Referred By: ASTM E2975-23 - Standard Test Method for Calibration or Calibration Verification of Concentric Cylinder Rotational Viscometers
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D8117-21 - Standard Test Method for Oxidative Induction Time of Polyolefin Geosynthetics by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2000

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: E 473 – 00
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Thermal Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 473; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
NOTE 2—In contrast to controlled-rate experiments, power to the
1. Scope
furnace is controlled to ensure a fixed rate of temperature change for
1.1 This terminology is a compilation of definitions of terms
controlled-temperature experiments. The program may include heating or
used in ASTM documents relating to thermal analysis. This
cooling segments in which the temperature is changed at a fixed rate,
terminology includes only those terms for which ASTM either
isothermal segments in which time becomes the explicit independent
has standards or is contemplating some action. It is not variable, or any sequence of these individual segments. If the atmosphere
(or vacuum) around the sample is changed by some external action
intended to be an all-inclusive listing of terms related to
(depending on the independent variable only—temperature or time)
thermal analysis.
during the course of the experiment, that too becomes part of the
1.2 This terminology specifically supports the single-word
controlled-temperature program.
form for terms using thermo-as a prefix, such as thermoana-
curve, thermal, n—the plot of a parameter against temperature
lytical or thermomagnetometry, while recognizing that for
some terms a two-word form can be used, such as thermal or time. (ICTAC) (1999)
dielectric thermal analysis, (DETA or DEA), n—a technique
analysis. This terminology does not support, nor does it
recommend, use of the grammatically incorrect, single-word in which the dielectric constant (permittivity, or capacitance)
and dielectric loss (conductance) of a substance under
form using thermalas a prefix, such as, thermalanalytical or
thermalmagnetometry. oscillating electric field are measured as a function of
temperature or time while the substance is subjected to a
1.3 Definitions that are similar to those published by another
standards body are identified with the abbreviation of the name controlled-temperature program in a specified atmophere.
(ICTAC) (1999)
of the organization: for example, ICTAC is the International
Confederation for Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. derivative, adj—pertaining to the first derivative (mathemati-
cal) of any curve with respect to temperature or time.
1.4 A definition is a single sentence with additional infor-
mation included in notes. It is reviewed every five years, and differential, adj—pertaining to a difference in measured or
measureable quantities usually between a substance and
the year of the last review or revision is appended.
some reference or standard material.
2. Terminology
differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), n—A technique in
which the heat flow difference into a substance and a
combined, adj—the application of two or more techniques to
reference material is measured as a function of temperature
different samples at the same time. (ICTAC) (1999)
while the substance and reference material are subjected to a
controlled-rate thermal analysis, (CRTA), n—a family of
controlled-temperature program. (ICTAC) (1999)
techniques that monitors the temperature versus time profile
needed to maintain a chosen, fixed rate of change of a
NOTE 3—The record is the differential scanning calorimetric or DSC
property of a substance. (ICTAC) (1999) curve. Two modes, power compensation differential scanning calorimetry,
and heat flux differential scanning calorimetry can be distinguished,
NOTE 1—Compared to controlled-temperature experiments, where the
depending on the method of measurement used.
reaction rate tends to increase exponentially and the rate can become
limited by heat or mass transfer, CRTA experiments are more likely to
differential thermal analysis (DTA), n—A technique in which
involve the chemical reaction as the limiting step. This technique can also
the temperature difference between the substance and a
improve the resolution of multiple reactions. For example, in controlled
reference material is measured as a function of temperature,
rate experiments, power to the furnace is controlled to ensure a fixed rate
while the substance and reference material are subjected to a
of mass loss (or gain).
controlled-temperature program. (ICTAC) (1999)
controlled-temperature program, n—the temperature history
NOTE 4—The term quantitative differential thermal analysis covers
experienced by a sample during the course of a thermal
those uses of DTA where the equipment is designed to produce quantita-
analysis exper
...