ASTM C596-09(2017)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Drying Shrinkage of Mortar Containing Hydraulic Cement
Standard Test Method for Drying Shrinkage of Mortar Containing Hydraulic Cement
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method establishes a selected set of conditions of temperature, relative humidity and rate of evaporation of the environment to which a mortar specimen of stated composition shall be subjected for a specified period of time during which its change in length is determined and designated “drying shrinkage”.
4.2 The drying shrinkage of mortar as determined by this test method has a linear relation to the drying shrinkage of concrete made with the same cement and exposed to the same drying conditions.4 Hence this test method may be used when it is desired to develop data on the effect of a hydraulic cement on the drying shrinkage of concrete made with that cement.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the change in length on drying of mortar bars containing hydraulic cement and graded standard sand.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. When combined standards are referenced, the selection of measurement system is at the user’s discretion subject to the requirements of the referenced standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure).2
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: C596 − 09 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
Drying Shrinkage of Mortar Containing Hydraulic Cement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C596; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
C490/C490M Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Deter-
1.1 This test method determines the change in length on
mination of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste,
drying of mortar bars containing hydraulic cement and graded
Mortar, and Concrete
standard sand.
C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the
standard. When combined standards are referenced, the selec-
Testing of Hydraulic Cements and Concretes
tion of measurement system is at the user’s discretion subject
C778 Specification for Standard Sand
to the requirements of the referenced standard.
C1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the Determining Mass and Volume for Use in the Physical
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Testing of Hydraulic Cements
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- C1437 Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement Mortar
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Warning—Fresh ASTM Test Methods
hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause
3. Terminology
chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure).
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1 The term “drying shrinkage” is defined as the decrease
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
in length of the test specimen, where the decrease is caused by
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
any factor other than externally applied forces under stated
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
conditions of temperature, relative humidity and evaporation
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
rate in the environment; the term includes the net effect of a
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
varietyofphenomenatendingtobringaboutbothincreasesand
decreases in length during the period in which the test
2. Referenced Documents
specimens under consideration are stored in the environment
and in which a number of processes, including hydration of the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
cement, are taking place at a variety of rates.
C157/C157M Test Method for Length Change of Hardened
Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and Concrete
3.2 Other terms used in this test method are defined in
C219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic Cement
Terminology C219.
C305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method establishes a selected set of conditions
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C01 on Cement
of temperature, relative humidity and rate of evaporation of the
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.31 on Volume Change.
environment to which a mortar specimen of stated composition
Current edition approved May 1, 2017. Published May 2017. Originally
ε1
approved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C596 – 09 . DOI:
shall be subjected for a specified period of time during which
10.1520/C0596-09R17.
its change in length is determined and designated “drying
Section on Safety, Manual of Cement Testing, Annual Book of Standards,Vol
shrinkage”.
04.01.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.2 The drying shrinkage of mortar as determined by this
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
test method has a linear relation to the drying shrinkage of
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. concrete made with the same cement and exposed to the same
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C596 − 09 (2017)
drying conditions. Hence this test method may be used when 9. Preparation of Molds
it is desired to develop data on the effect of a hydraulic cement
9.1 Prepare the specimen molds as required by Practice
on the drying shrinkage of concrete made with that cement.
C490/C490M.
5. Apparatus
10. Preparation of Test Specimens
5.1 Weighing Devices and Weights—Weighing devices and
10.1 MortarProportions—Abatchofmortarshallconsistof
weights used in determining the mass of materials for mortar
750 g of cement, 1500 g of graded standard sand, and an
mixtures shall conform to the requirements of Specification
amount of mixing water sufficient to produce a flow of 110 6
C1005.
5 %. The flow shall be determined in conformance with the
procedure as described in Test Method C1437.
5.2 GlassGraduates—Glassgraduatesofsuitablecapacities
shall conform to the requirements of Specification C1005.
10.2 MixingMortar—Mix the mortar in a mechanical mixer
as required by Practice C305.
5.3 Molds—Molds shall conform to the requirements of
Practice C490/C490M for mortars.
10.3 Molding of Specimens—Mold the specimens as re-
quired by Test Method C157/C157M.
5.4 Trowel—The trowel shall have a straight-edged steel
blade 100 to 150 mm in length.
11. Curing, Storage, and Taking Comparator Readings of
5.5 Tamper—The tamper shall conform to the requirements
Test Specimens
of Test Method C157/C157M.
11.1 Cure, store, and take comparator readings of the test
5.6 Demolding Apparatus—The demolding apparatus shall
specimens as required byTest Method C157/C157M, except as
conform to the requirements of Test Method C157/C157M.
follows:
5.7 Length Comparator—The length comparator shall con-
11.1.1 Moist cure the specimens in the molds for 24 h 6 30
form to the requirements of Practice C490/C490M. min. If the strength of the specimens is insufficient to allow
proper removal from the mold at 24 h, moist cure in the mold
6. Temperature and Humidity
for 48 h 6 30 min.
11.1.2 Remove the specimens from the molds and cure in
6.1 Laboratory—The temperature of the laboratory, dry
lime-saturatedwaterfor48h.Ifthespecimenshavebeenmoist
materials, and mixing water, and the relative humidity of the
cured in the mold for 48 h, cure in lime-saturated water fo
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: C596 − 09 C596 − 09 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
Drying Shrinkage of Mortar Containing Hydraulic Cement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C596; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Corrected research report footnote in Section 4 editorially in June 2015.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method determines the change in length on drying of mortar bars containing hydraulic cement and graded standard
sand.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. When combined standards are referenced, the selection of
measurement system is at the user’s discretion subject to the requirements of the referenced standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and
tissue upon prolonged exposure).
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C157/C157M Test Method for Length Change of Hardened Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and Concrete
C219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic Cement
C305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
C490/C490M Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determination of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, and
Concrete
C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of Hydraulic
Cements and Concretes
C778 Specification for Standard Sand
C1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for Determining Mass and Volume for Use in the Physical Testing of
Hydraulic Cements
C1437 Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement Mortar
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
3. Terminology
3.1 The term “drying shrinkage” is defined as the decrease in length of the test specimen, where the decrease is caused by any
factor other than externally applied forces under stated conditions of temperature, relative humidity and evaporation rate in the
environment; the term includes the net effect of a variety of phenomena tending to bring about both increases and decreases in
length during the period in which the test specimens under consideration are stored in the environment and in which a number of
processes, including hydration of the cement, are taking place at a variety of rates.
3.2 Other terms used in this test method are defined in Terminology C219.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.31 on Volume Change.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2009May 1, 2017. Published January 2010May 2017. Originally approved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 20072009 as
ε1
C596 – 07.C596 – 09 DOI: 10.1520/C0596-09 . DOI: 10.1520/C0596-09R17.
Section on Safety, Manual of Cement Testing, Annual Book of Standards,Vol 04.01.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C596 − 09 (2017)
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method establishes a selected set of conditions of temperature, relative humidity and rate of evaporation of the
environment to which a mortar specimen of stated composition shall be subjected for a specified period of time during which its
change in length is determined and designated “drying shrinkage”.
4.2 The drying shrinkage of mortar as determined by this test method has a linear relation to the drying shrinkage of concrete
made with the same cement and exposed to the same drying conditions. Hence this test method may be used when it is desired
to develop data on the effect of a hydraulic cement on the drying shrinkage of concrete made with that cement.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Weighing Devices and Weights—Weighing devices and weights used in determining the mass of materials for mortar
mixtures shall conform to the requirements of Specification C1005.
5.2 Glass Graduates—Glass graduates of suitable capacities shall conform to the requirements of Specification C1005.
5.3 Molds—Molds shall conform to the requirements of Practice C490/C490M for mortars.
5.4 Trowel—The trowel shall have a straight-edged steel blade 100 to 150 mm in length.
5.5 Tamper—The tamper shall conform to the requirements of Test Method C157/C157M.
5.6 Demolding Apparatus—The demolding apparatus shall conform to the requirements of Test Method C157/C157M.
5.7 Length Comparator—The length comparator shall conform to the requirements of Practice C490/C490M.
6. Temperature and Humidity
6.1 Laboratory—The temperature of the laboratory, dry materials, and mixing water, and the relative humidity of the air in the
laboratory shall conform to the requirements of Specification C511.
6.2 Moist Storage Facility—The temperature and humidity of the air in the moist storage facility shall conform to the
requirements of Specification C511.
6.3 Drying Room and Controls—The drying room and controls shall conform to the requirements of Test Method C157/C157M.
7. Graded Standard Sand
7.1 The graded standard sand shall conform to Specification C778.
8. Number of Test Specimens
8.1 Make at least four test specimens (Note 1).
NOTE 1—Although the number of test specimens may consist of four specimens from a single batch of mortar, it is preferable that twelve specimens
be made with four specimens being made from each of three batches, with each batch being made on a different day.
9. Preparation of Molds
9.1 Prepare the specimen molds as required by Practice C490/C490M.
10. Preparation of Test Specimens
10.1 Mortar Proportions—A batch of mortar shall consist of 750 g of cement, 1500 g of graded standard sand, and an amount
...
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