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ASTM D4060-01

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abraser

Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abraser

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance of organic coatings to abrasion produced by the Taber Abraser on coatings applied to a plane, rigid surface, such as a metal panel.
1.2 Because of the poor reproducibility of this test method, it should be restricted to testing in only one laboratory when numerical abrasion resistance values are to be used. Interlaboratory agreement is improved significantly when rankings of coatings are used in place of numerical values.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard is similar in content (but not technically equivalent) to ISO 7784-2.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Dec-2001
ICS
25.220.60 - Organic coatings
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.23 - Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D4060-95 - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abraser
Effective Date
10-Dec-2001
Replaced By
ASTM D4060-07 - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abraser
Effective Date
01-Jun-2007
Referred By
ASTM A775/A775M-22 - Standard Specification for Epoxy-Coated Steel Reinforcing Bars
Effective Date
10-Dec-2001
Referred By
ASTM B893-23 - Standard Specification for Hard-Coat Anodizing of Magnesium for Engineering Applications
Effective Date
10-Dec-2001
Referred By
ASTM D7230-06(2021) - Standard Guide for Evaluating Polymeric Lining Systems for Water Immersion in Coating Service Level III Safety-Related Applications on Metal Substrates
Effective Date
10-Dec-2001
Referred By
ASTM A1055/A1055M-22 - Standard Specification for Zinc and Epoxy Dual-Coated Steel Reinforcing Bars
Effective Date
10-Dec-2001
Referred By
ASTM D1044-19 - Standard Test Method for Resistance of Transparent Plastics to Surface Abrasion by the Taber Abraser
Effective Date
10-Dec-2001
Referred By
ASTM F3059-18 - Standard Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Gratings Used in Marine Construction and Shipbuilding
Effective Date
10-Dec-2001
Referred By
ASTM D8367-21 - Standard Practice for Making a Laboratory Pavement Marking Sample Using a Pavement Marking and Drop-on Particles
Effective Date
10-Dec-2001
Referred By
ASTM D3794-22 - Standard Guide for Testing Coil Coatings
Effective Date
10-Dec-2001
Referred By
ASTM D6037-21 - Standard Test Methods for Dry Abrasion Mar Resistance of High Gloss Coatings
Effective Date
10-Dec-2001
Referred By
ASTM E3104-17(2023) - Standard Specification for Strippable and Removable Coatings to Mitigate Spread of Radioactive Contamination
Effective Date
10-Dec-2001
Referred By
ASTM D7031-11(2019) - Standard Guide for Evaluating Mechanical and Physical Properties of Wood-Plastic Composite Products
Effective Date
10-Dec-2001
Referred By
ASTM D3451-06(2017) - Standard Guide for Testing Coating Powders and Powder Coatings
Effective Date
10-Dec-2001
Referred By
ASTM A934/A934M-22 - Standard Specification for Epoxy-Coated Prefabricated Steel Reinforcing Bars
Effective Date
10-Dec-2001

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ASTM D4060-01 - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber AbraserASTM D4060-01 - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abraser
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ASTM D4060-01 - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abraser
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D4060–01
Standard Test Method for
Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber
1
Abraser
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4060; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope D 1400 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of
DryFilmThicknessofNonconductiveCoatingsAppliedto
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resis-
2
a Nonferrous Metal Base
tance of organic coatings to abrasion produced by the Taber
D 2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer
Abraser on coatings applied to a plane, rigid surface, such as a
3
Hardness
metal panel.
2.2 Other Standards:
1.2 Because of the poor reproducibility of this test method,
ISO 7784–2 Paints and varnishes—Determination of resis-
it should be restricted to testing in only one laboratory when
tance to abrasion—Part 2: Rotating abrasive rubber wheel
numerical abrasion resistance values are to be used. Interlabo-
4
method
ratory agreement is improved significantly when rankings of
coatings are used in place of numerical values.
3. Terminology
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
3.1.1 Abrasion resistance can be expressed as one or more
information only.
of the following terms:
1.4 This standard is similar in content (but not technically
3.1.1.1 wear index—1000 times the loss in weight in
equivalent) to ISO 7784–2.
milligrams per cycle.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.1.2 weight loss—the loss in weight in milligrams, deter-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
mined at a specified number of cycles.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.2 wear cycles per mil—thenumberofcyclesofabrasion
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
required to wear a film through to the substrate per mil of film
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
thickness.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Summary of Test Method
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 The organic coating is applied at uniform thickness to a
D 823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
2 plane, rigid panel and, after curing, the surface is abraded by
of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
rotating the panel under weighted abrasive wheels.
D 968 Test Methods for Abrasion Resistance of Organic
2 4.2 Abrasion resistance is calculated as loss in weight at a
Coatings by Falling Abrasive
specified number of abrasion cycles, as loss in weight per
D 1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick-
2 cycle, or as number of cycles required to remove a unit amount
ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
of coating thickness.
D 1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of
Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
5. Significance and Use
2
a Ferrous Base
5.1 Coating on substrates can be damaged by abrasion
during manufacturing and service. This test method has been
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films.
3
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 2001. Published February 2002. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01.
4
published as D 4060 – 81. Last previous edition D 4060 – 95 Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd St. 4th
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01. Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4060–01
useful in evaluating the abrasion resistance of attached coat- 9. Conditioning
ings.Ratingsproducedbythistestmethodhavecorrelatedwell
9.1 Cure the coated panel under conditions of humidity and
with ratings produced by the falling abrasive values in Test
temperature as agreed upon between purchaser and seller.
Methods D 968.
9.2 Unless otherwise agreed upon between purchaser and
seller, condition the coated panel for at least 24 h at 23 6 2°C
6. Apparatus
and 50 6 5 % relative humidity. Conduct the test in the same
5
6.1 Taber Abraser.
environment or immediately on removal therefrom.
6.2 Abrasive Wheels—ResilientcalibrasewheelsNo.CS-10
or CS-17, as required, shall be used. Because of the slow
10. Procedure
hardening of the rubber
...

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5.1 Many coating properties are markedly affected by the film thickness of the dry film such as adhesion, flexibility, wear, durability, chemical resistance, and hardness. To be able to compare results obtained by different operators, it is essential to measure film thickness carefully.  
5.2 Most protective and high performance coatings are applied to meet a requirement or a specification for the dry-film thickness of each coat, or for the complete system, or both. Coatings must be applied within certain minimum and maximum thickness tolerances in order that they can fulfill their intended function. In addition to potential performance deficiencies, it is uneconomical to apply more material than necessary when coating large areas such as floors and walls.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the use of ultrasonic film thickness gages to measure accurately and nondestructively the dry film thickness of organic coatings applied over a substrate of dissimilar material. Measurements may be made on field structures, on commercially manufactured products, or on laboratory test specimens. These types of gages can accurately measure the dry film thickness of organic coatings on a variety of substrates such as concrete, wood, wallboard, plastic, fiber composites and metal.  
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4.1 The pull-off strength (commonly referred to as adhesion) of a coating is an important performance property that has been used in specifications. This test method serves as a means for uniformly preparing and testing organic coatings on plastic or other substrates.4 Further information may be found in Appendix X1.
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FIG. 1 Direct Tensile Model  
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