ASTM A988/A988M-23
(Specification)Standard Specification for Hot Isostatically-Pressed Stainless Steel Flanges, Fittings, Valves, and Parts for High Temperature Service
Standard Specification for Hot Isostatically-Pressed Stainless Steel Flanges, Fittings, Valves, and Parts for High Temperature Service
ABSTRACT
This specification covers hot isostatically-pressed, powder metallurgy, stainless steel piping components such as flanges, fittings, valves, and similar parts, for use in pressure systems and temperature service applications. The specification includes several grades of martensitic, austenitic, age hardening, and austenitic-ferritic stainless steels. Compacts shall be manufactured by placing a single powder blend into a can, evacuating the can, and sealing it. The powder shall be prealloyed and made by a melting method (such as but not limited to air or vacuum induction melting, followed by gas atomization) to produce the specified chemical composition for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, columbium, tantalum, copper, tungsten, and nitrogen. Other manufacturing requirements including compact homogeneity, microstructure, and can material removal are given. Heat treatment requirements, such as austenitizing or solutioning, cooling, quenching, tempering, and ageing, and structural integrity requirements, such as density, hydrostatic tests, and ultrasonic tests are detailed as well. Mechanical properties include tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and hardness. Product analysis shall conform to the chemical requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers hot isostatically-pressed, powder metallurgy, stainless steel piping components for use in pressure systems. Included are flanges, fittings, valves, and similar parts made to specified dimensions or to dimensional standards, such as in ASME specification B16.5.
1.2 Several grades of martensitic, austenitic, age hardening, and austenitic-ferritic stainless steels are included in this specification.
1.3 Supplementary requirements are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), however, the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to test methods portions 8.1, 8.2, 9.5 – 9.7, and Section 10 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: A988/A988M − 23
Standard Specification for
Hot Isostatically-Pressed Stainless Steel Flanges, Fittings,
1
Valves, and Parts for High Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A988/A988M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.1 This specification covers hot isostatically-pressed, pow-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
der metallurgy, stainless steel piping components for use in
pressure systems. Included are flanges, fittings, valves, and
2. Referenced Documents
similar parts made to specified dimensions or to dimensional
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
standards, such as in ASME specification B16.5.
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular
1.2 Several grades of martensitic, austenitic, age hardening,
Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
and austenitic-ferritic stainless steels are included in this
A275/A275M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination of
specification.
Steel Forgings
1.3 Supplementary requirements are provided for use when
A745/A745M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Aus-
additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply
tenitic Steel Forgings
only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.
A751 Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of
Steel Products
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units
A923 Test Methods for Detecting Detrimental Intermetallic
and in SI units. Unless the order specifies the applicable “M”
Phase in Duplex Austenitic/Ferritic Stainless Steels
specification designation (SI units), however, the material shall
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related
be furnished to inch-pound units.
Alloys, and Ferroalloys
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
A961/A961M Specification for Common Requirements for
are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text,
Steel Flanges, Forged Fittings, Valves, and Parts for
the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
Piping Applications
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
B311 Test Method for Density of Powder Metallurgy (PM)
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
Materials Containing Less Than Two Percent Porosity
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
standard.
E165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing for Gen-
1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to test
eral Industry
methods portions 8.1, 8.2, 9.5 – 9.7, and Section 10 of this
E340 Practice for Macroetching Metals and Alloys
specification: This standard does not purport to address all of
E606/E606M Test Method for Strain-Controlled Fatigue
the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Testing
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
G48 Test Methods for Pitting and Crevice Corrosion Resis-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
tance of Stainless Steels and Related Alloys by Use of
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Ferric Chloride Solution
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
2.2 MSS Standard:
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
SP 25 Standard Marking System for Valves, Fittings,
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the 3
Flanges, and Unions
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
A01.22 onSteel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved May 1, 2023. Published May 2023. Originally Available from Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as A988/A988M – 17. Industry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vienna, VA 22180-4602, http://www.mss-
DOI: 10.1520/A0988_A0988M-23. hq.com.
*A Summary of Changes
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A988/A988M − 17 A988/A988M − 23
Standard Specification for
Hot Isostatically-Pressed Stainless Steel Flanges, Fittings,
1
Valves, and Parts for High Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A988/A988M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers hot isostatically-pressed, powder metallurgy, stainless steel piping components for use in pressure
systems. Included are flanges, fittings, valves, and similar parts made to specified dimensions or to dimensional standards, such
as in ASME specification B16.5.
1.2 Several grades of martensitic, austenitic, age hardening, and austenitic-ferritic stainless steels are included in this specification.
1.3 Supplementary requirements are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply only when
specified individually by the purchaser in the order.
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. Unless the order specifies the applicable “M”
specification designation (SI units), however, the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the SI
units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to test methods portions 8.1, 8.2, 9.5 – 9.7, and Section 10 of this
specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
A275/A275M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination of Steel Forgings
A745/A745M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Austenitic Steel Forgings
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.22
onSteel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.
Current edition approved May 1, 2017May 1, 2023. Published May 2017May 2023. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 20162017 as
A988/A988M – 16.A988/A988M – 17. DOI: 10.1520/A0988_A0988M-17.10.1520/A0988_A0988M-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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A988/A988M − 23
A751 Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
A923 Test Methods for Detecting Detrimental Intermetallic Phase in Duplex Austenitic/Ferritic Stainless Steels
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys
A961/A961M Specification for Common Requirements for Steel Flanges, Forged Fittings, Valves, and Parts for Piping
Applications
B311 Test Method for Density of Powder Metallurgy (PM) Materials Containing Less Than Two Percent Porosity
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
E165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing for General Industry
E340 Practice for Macroetching Metals and Alloys
E606/E606M Tes
...
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