Standard Specification for Chemical Passivation Treatments for Stainless Steel Parts

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers several different types of chemical passivation treatments for stainless steel parts. It includes recommendations and precautions for descaling, cleaning, and passivation of stainless steel parts. It includes several alternative tests, with acceptance criteria, for confirmation of effectiveness of such treatments for stainless steel parts.
1.2 Practices for the mechanical and chemical treatments of stainless steel surfaces are discussed more thoroughly in Practice A 380.
1.3 Several alternative chemical treatments are defined for passivation of stainless steel parts. gives some nonmandatory information and provides some general guidelines regarding the selection of passivation treatment appropriate to particular grades of stainless steel but makes no recommendations regarding the suitability of any grade, treatment, and acceptance criteria for any particular application or class of applications.
1.4 The tests in this specification are intended to confirm the effectiveness of passivation, particularly with regard to the removal of free iron and other exogenous matter. These tests include the following practices:
1.4.1 Practice A—Water Immersion Test,
1.4.2 Practice B—High Humidity Test,
1.4.3 Practice C—Salt Spray Test,
1.4.4 Practice D—Copper Sulfate Test,
1.4.5 Practice E—Potassium Ferricyanide-Nitric Acid Test, and
1.4.6 Practice F—Free Iron Test.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portions, Sections 14 through 18 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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ASTM A967-01 - Standard Specification for Chemical Passivation Treatments for Stainless Steel Parts
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
An American National Standard
Designation: A 967 – 01
Standard Specification for
1
Chemical Passivation Treatments for Stainless Steel Parts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 967; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specification covers several different types of 2.1 ASTM Standards:
chemical passivation treatments for stainless steel parts. It A 380 Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Depassivation
2
includes recommendations and precautions for descaling, of Stainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and Systems
3
cleaning, and passivation of stainless steel parts. It includes B 117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus
several alternative tests, with acceptance criteria, for confirma- B 254 Practice for Preparation of and Electroplating on
4
tion of effectiveness of such treatments for stainless steel parts. Stainless Steel
1.2 Practices for the mechanical and chemical treatments of 2.2 Federal Specification:
stainless steel surfaces are discussed more thoroughly in QQ-P-35C Passivation Treatments for Corrosion-Resistant
5
Practice A 380. Steels
1.3 Several alternative chemical treatments are defined for
3. Terminology
passivation of stainless steel parts. Appendix X1 gives some
nonmandatory information and provides some general guide- 3.1 Definition of Term Specific to This Standard—It is
necessary to define which of the several commonly used
lines regarding the selection of passivation treatment appropri-
ate to particular grades of stainless steel but makes no definitions of the term passivation will be used in this
specification. (See Discussion.)
recommendations regarding the suitability of any grade, treat-
ment, and acceptance criteria for any particular application or 3.1.1 Discussion—Stainless steels are autopassivating in the
sense that the protective passive film is formed spontaneously
class of applications.
1.4 The tests in this specification are intended to confirm the on exposure to air or moisture. The presence of exogenous
surface contamination, including dirt, grease, free iron from
effectiveness of passivation, particularly with regard to the
removal of free iron and other exogenous matter. These tests contact with steel tooling, and so forth, may interfere with the
formation of the passive film. The cleaning of these contami-
include the following practices:
1.4.1 Practice A—Water Immersion Test, nants from the stainless steel surface will facilitate the spon-
taneous passivation by allowing the oxygen uniform access to
1.4.2 Practice B—High Humidity Test,
1.4.3 Practice C—Salt Spray Test, the surface. The passive film may be augmented by chemical
treatments that provide an oxidizing environment for the
1.4.4 Practice D—Copper Sulfate Test,
1.4.5 Practice E—Potassium Ferricyanide–Nitric Acid Test, stainless steel surface.
3.1.1.1 In this specification, passivation, unless otherwise
and
specified, is defined as the chemical treatment of a stainless
1.4.6 Practice F—Free Iron Test.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded steel with a mild oxidant, such as a nitric acid solution, for the
purpose of the removal of free iron or other foreign matter, but
as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for
information only. which is generally not effective in removal of heat tint or oxide
scale on stainless steel. In the case of stainless steels with
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
test method portions, Sections 14 through 18 of this specifica- additions of sulfur for the purpose of improved machinability,
passivation may also include the removal of sulfides from the
tion: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility surface of the metal for the purpose of maximizing corrosion
resistance.
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory 3.1.1.2 The formation of the protective passive film on a
stainless steel, also called passivation in a more general
limitations prior to use.
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
3
Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.02.
4
A01.14 on Methods of Corrosion Testing. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.05.
5
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 2001. Published December 2001. Originally Available from Superintenden
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