ASTM D5483-21
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Oxidation Induction Time of Lubricating Greases by Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Standard Test Method for Oxidation Induction Time of Lubricating Greases by Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Oxidation induction time, as determined under the conditions of this test method, can be used as an indication of oxidation stability.3 This test method can be used for research and development, quality control and specification purposes. However, no correlation has been determined between the results of this test method and service performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of oxidation induction time of lubricating greases subjected to oxygen at 3.5 MPa (500 psig) and temperatures between 155 °C and 210 °C.
1.2 Warning—The original data published in Research Report RR:D02-1314, was not analyzed in accordance the current D2PP. It also used instruments which are no longer manufactured and in a check of currently used instruments, none of the original instruments were still in use. The new precision of this test method is still to be established.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5483 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Oxidation Induction Time of Lubricating Greases by
1
Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5483; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* E697 Practice for Use of Electron-Capture Detectors in Gas
Chromatography
1.1 This test method covers the determination of oxidation
E1858 Test Methods for Determining Oxidation Induction
induction time of lubricating greases subjected to oxygen at
Time of Hydrocarbons by Differential Scanning Calorim-
3.5 MPa (500 psig) and temperatures between 155 °C and
etry
210 °C.
1.2 Warning—The original data published in Research Re-
3. Terminology
port RR:D02-1314, was not analyzed in accordance the current
D2PP. It also used instruments which are no longer manufac- 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
tured and in a check of currently used instruments, none of the
3.1.1 extrapolated onset time, n—a time determined on a
original instruments were still in use.The new precision of this
thermal curve, as the intersection of the extrapolated baseline
test method is still to be established.
and a line tangent to the oxidation exotherm constructed at its
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
maximum rate.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3.1.2 oxidation induction time (OIT), n—the period of time
only.
from the first exposure to an oxidizing atmosphere until the
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
extrapolated onset time.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.3 thermal curve, n—a graph of sample heat flow versus
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
time.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- 4. Summary of Test Method
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4.1 Asmall quantity of grease is weighed into a sample pan
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
and placed in a test cell. The cell is heated to a specified
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
temperature and then pressurized with oxygen. The cell is held
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
at a regulated temperature and pressure until an exothermic
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
reaction occurs. The extrapolated onset time is measured and
2. Referenced Documents
reported as the oxidation induction time for the grease under
2
the specified test temperature.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
5. Significance and Use
Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
5.1 Oxidation induction time, as determined under the
Fuels, and Lubricants
conditions of this test method, can be used as an indication of
3
oxidation stability. This test method can be used for research
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on and development, quality control and specification purposes.
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
However, no correlation has been determined between the
Subcommittee D02.09.0E on Oxidation of Greases.
results of this test method and service performance.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2021. Published January 2022. Originally
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as D5483 – 20. DOI:
10.1520/D5483-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Rhee, In-Sik, “Development of a New Oxidation Stability Test Method for
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Greases Using a Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimeter (PDSC),” NLGI
the ASTM website. Spokesman, Vol 55, No. 4, July 1991, pp. 123–132.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D5483 − 21
6. Apparatus 8.1.1 Weigh approximately 10 mg of indium into an alumi-
num sample pan, insert a lid and crimp the lid to the pan using
6.1 Pressure Different
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5483 − 20 D5483 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Oxidation Induction Time of Lubricating Greases by
1
Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5483; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of oxidation induction time of lubricating greases subjected to oxygen at 3.5 MPa
(500 psig) and temperatures between 155 °C and 210 °C.
1.2 Warning—The original data published in Research Report RR:D02-1314, was not analyzed in accordance the current D2PP.
It also used instruments which are no longer manufactured and in a check of currently used instruments, none of the original
instruments were still in use. The new precision of this test method is still to be established.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
E697 Practice for Use of Electron-Capture Detectors in Gas Chromatography
E1858 Test Methods for Determining Oxidation Induction Time of Hydrocarbons by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 extrapolated onset time, n—a time determined on a thermal curve, as the intersection of the extrapolated baseline and a line
tangent to the oxidation exotherm constructed at its maximum rate.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.09.0E on Oxidation of Greases.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2020Dec. 1, 2021. Published February 2020January 2022. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 20152020 as
D5483 – 05 (2015).D5483 – 20. DOI: 10.1520/D5483-20.10.1520/D5483-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5483 − 21
3.1.2 oxidation induction time (OIT), n—the period of time from the first exposure to an oxidizing atmosphere until the
extrapolated onset time.
3.1.3 thermal curve, n—a graph of sample heat flow versus time.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A small quantity of grease is weighed into a sample pan and placed in a test cell. The cell is heated to a specified temperature
and then pressurized with oxygen. The cell is held at a regulated temperature and pressure until an exothermic reaction occurs. The
extrapolated onset time is measured and reported as the oxidation induction time for the grease under the specified test temperature.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Oxidation induction time, as determined under the conditions of this test method, can be used as an indication of oxidation
3
stability. This test method can be used for research and development, quality control and specification purposes. However, no
correlation has been determined between the results of this test method and service performance.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimeter (PDSC), the essential instrumentation required to provide the minimum
differential scanning calorimetric capab
...
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